侵入式微波天线热疗性能研究

设计了2450MHz全裸、半裸、偶极子和挽袖侵入式医用微波辐射天线,通过比吸收率比较它们在体模中的加热效果,研究表明:挽袖天线的加热效果最好,它的加热范围大,形状固定,基本不受插入深度的影响。     

一种改进型介入式微波热疗天线的设计与实现

设计了一种工作在2450MHz频率的介入式微波热疗挽袖伞形天线。采用有限元数值分析方法,模拟计算了挽袖天线和挽袖伞形天线介入下肿瘤组织的比吸收率（SAR）,并比较了挽袖伞形天线和挽袖天线的S11。将研制的介入式天线对仿生分层体模加热,采用红外热成像仪测温,给出天线在体模中的3维温度场和介入层体模的温度分布。研究结果表明,设计的挽袖伞形天线的温度场分布比挽袖天线均匀,符合实际临床热疗的要求。     

快乐洗手

过去，我总是反复提醒班上的幼儿按常规要求：“洗手时要这样……要那样……注意……”可效果总是不好——每天，在孩子们洗手的时候我都听到这样的告状声：“老师，他又在玩水!”、“老师，欣羽没有挽袖子”……     

磁共振成像温度计有望测定体温绝对值

加热被看作攻克癌症的重要武器，加热可以使癌细胞对放疗更加敏感，并且提高某些药物的治癌效果。然而阻碍热疗的关健问题是无创伤的温度监测与保热剂量需到达规定值，并防止过热，最好能大范围非侵入检测温度。美国杜克大学的科研员改进了射频脉冲研制成功磁共振成像温度计，它可以“非侵入”地测定身体内的体温，其精确度是现在最好的检测体温技术的5—10倍。     

裸睡，到底有何益处

从医学角度讲，全裸的睡眠质量是最好的，因身体可得到充分的休息和全面的放松。现代人生活很繁忙，神经紧张、精神压力也很大，裸睡可以让紧绷的神经完全放松，达到真正休息的自在境界。有些很保守的人不敢看自己的器官，如果学会坦然面对自己的裸体，就能达到真正自在的地步。有的专家认为，不穿内衣裤睡觉有以下五点好处：1．血液循环达到完全放松，使肢体更舒适；2．保证皮肤的呼吸通畅，促进新陈代谢的速度；3．避免内衣裤成为霉菌滋生的温床；4．有助于神经压力的调节；5．消除疲劳，放松肌肉的紧绷。     

高频电磁场的卫生学测定方法

为了开展高频劳动卫生工作,我们研制成了“高频电磁场卫生学测定仪”,并于1973年经鉴定交工厂生产。本仪器可用来测定工人工作场所200千赫～30兆赫范围的高频电场、高频磁场强度的绝对值及频率。(一)电场强度测定高频电磁场一般有远区场(辐射场)和近区场(以感应场为主)之分,它们以距发生源1/6波长为相对划分界限,迄今国内生产的有关场强仪都是为测远区场而设计的。而目前生产上所用200千赫～30兆赫频段的设备,工人操作基本上都处于近区场内。我们设计了短偶极子天线作为近区场电场测定的接收天线,其长度为25.4厘米。测定原理: 当一有效长度为Le的偶极子天线置于高频电磁场中,其轴线与电场向量平行时,则被测电场强度E为:     

微波热消融定向天线的研究现状

介绍了微波热消融天线的性能评价指标,阐述了基于单极子、偶极子及同轴缝隙的3种定向天线的研究现状,分析了定向天线设计存在的不足,指出了未来还需对定向天线结构进行不断优化,在确保产生定向消融区的同时增加消融范围,以扩大其应用范围及提高临床疗效。     

MR410加热湿化器在呼吸机临床治疗中的使用价值

目的：探讨MR410加热湿化器在呼吸机临床治疗中的使用价值。方法：回顾性分析科室2007—01—2009—02的45例MR410加热湿化器在呼吸机临床治疗中的使用效果。结果：45例呼吸机治疗患者应用MR410加热湿化器后，仅5例患者出现分泌物异常变化，其中3例患者因吸入气体湿化不足致分泌物黏稠，2例患者因吸入气体湿化过度致痰液稀薄。结论：MR410加热湿化器在呼吸机临床治疗中效果较好，推荐使用。精确控制其加热温度及湿化罐内水量是确保呼吸机临床治疗中气道被较好湿化的关键。     

窝沟封闭服务方式对口腔保健措施效果的影响

目的：通过对北京市门头沟区7～9岁儿童集中开展的适龄儿童免费窝沟封闭预防龋齿项目，探索提高窝沟封闭率和口腔健康教育效果的方法。方法抽取门头沟区3所学校422名7～9岁学生，比较第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭三种不同的组织方式对窝沟封闭率的影响，以及口腔健康教育两种方法的效果。结果医生入校提供服务的窝沟封闭率最高，为97.40%；在诊室进行一对一的口腔保健知识培训在知识知晓率和每天至少一次刷牙率这两个方面效果最好，分别为91.67%和90.86%，与对照组数据差异有统计学意义。结论有组织的进行口腔保健措施效果最好。     

基于DS18B20的生化分析仪加热模块的设计与实现

目的：设计一种全自动生化仪加热模块，在抽取试剂时对试剂进行预加热。方法：使用DS18B20作为温度传感器，加热膜作为加热部件，利用单总线方式，并充分考虑容错性设计，实现对加热温度的控制。结果：通过常温下的试验，该模块能在20s内将温度控制在40℃，控制误差满足生化仪要求。结论：该模块可以推广应用到酶标仪、特定反应蛋白分析仪等设备，十分可行有效。     

微波技术在治疗肿瘤中的新应用

本文介绍了一种早诊断早期皮下肿瘤的新方法,这种方法尤其适用于乳腺癌的普查和早期诊断,另外还介绍了入微波天线加热治疗的新技术。     

支气管、肺动脉成形术治疗中心型非小细胞癌的临床研究

目的探讨支气管、肺动脉成形术治疗中心型非小细胞肺癌的适应证,术中处理及并发症的防治。方法自1987年10月~2004年12月对96例中心型非小细胞肺癌患者实施支气管、肺动脉成形术治疗,分析其临床资料。结果术后并发症发生率为19.8%(19/96),术后30d病死率为3.1%(3/96),术后1、3、5年生存率分别为82.6%(76/91)、57.8%(37/64)和39.1%(18/46)。结论支气管、肺动脉成形术治疗中心型肺癌是可行的,不仅最大限度地保留了肺组织,提高了患者术后生存质量,而且为部分肺功能差的患者提供了切除病变的机会。     

Occupational exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields

High exposures to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) are possible in workplaces involving sources used for broadcasting, telecommunication, security and identification, remote sensing and the heating and drying of goods. A systematic literature review of occupational RF EMF exposure measurements could help to clarify where more attention to occupational safety may be needed. This review identifies specific sources of occupational RF EMF exposure and compares the published maximum exposures to occupational exposure limits. A systematic search for peer-reviewed publications was conducted via PubMed and Scopus. Relevant grey literature was collected via web searches. For each publication, the highest measured electric field strength, magnetic flux density or power density was extracted. Maximum exposures exceeding the limits were reported for dielectric heating, scanners for security and radiofrequency identification, plasma devices and broadcasting and telecommunication transmitters. Occupational exposure exceeding the limits was rare for microwave heating and radar applications. Some publications concerned cases studies of occupational accidents followed by a medical investigation of thermal health effects. These were found for broadcasting antennas, radar installations and a microwave oven and often involved maintenance personnel. New sources of occupational exposure such as those in fifth generation telecommunication systems or energy transition will require further assessment.     

3种消毒方法对石膏模型表面硬度的影响

目的 研究3种消毒方法对口腔石膏模型表面硬度的影响.方法 制作圆柱体金属模具,硅橡胶取模,分别灌注熟石膏、硬石膏和超硬石膏模型,分别用3种消毒方法对其消毒,包括微波加热、高温高压及紫外线照射,消毒后测定其表面硬度,并进行统计分析.结果 微波加热及紫外线照射对3种石膏模型消毒后,表面硬度差异无统计学意义;高温高压消毒处理后的熟石膏组、硬石膏组、超硬石膏组的表面硬度分别为(3.70±0.25)、(4.46±0.30)、(4.93±0.85)Pa,均比对照组明显降低(P＜0.01).结论 微波加热及紫外线照射对石膏模型消毒后,在表面硬度方面对模型无明显影响.     

不同方法对新生儿足跟采血成功率的影响

目的：减少新生儿痛苦,寻找成功采集新生儿足跟血的方法。方法：对98例新生儿采用单纯随机分组法（抛币法）将其分成两组,即观察组足跟下垂按摩采血法和对照组常规加温采血法,比较两种方法的成功率,组间差别使用x2检验。结果：两种采血法成功率差异显著,观察组成功率明显高于对照组。结论：将新生儿足置于低于心脏水平位置按摩后从小腿近端用力捋向远端采血,大大提高了采血的成功率,安全方便。     

Theoretical and measured power density in front of VHF/UHF broadcasting antennas

A simple and easy-to-use model based on more rigorous computations was formulated for the prediction of power density levels in front of dipole array-type VHF (very high frequency) and UHF (ultra high frequency) broadcasting antennas. Measurements on site verified the usefulness of the model. The distance at which the power density begins to exceed 10 W.m-2--the value established by standards as a limit--is roughly 40 m for UHF-TV antennas, 30 m for FM (frequency modulated) radio antennas and 15 m for VHF-TV antennas. Typical average input powers of antennas are 20 kW, 4 kW and 10 kW for FM radio, VHF-TV and UHF transmissions, respectively.     

Late micronutrient deficiency and neurological dysfunction after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a case report

Although the micronutrient deficiencies and the related neurological manifestations are widely reported after malabsorbitive weight loss surgery, little is known about cerebral dysfunction secondary to micronutrient impairment in subjects undergoing restrictive interventions (that is, sleeve gastrectomy). We describe a case of a 27-year-old woman with a late development of a Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) and of severe polyneuropathy following a sleeve gastrectomy without any sleeve stenosis. The impact of WE after bariatric surgery is significantly underestimated. Such a risk should be taken into consideration also after restrictive weight loss surgery. Thus, surgeon/clinicians involved in bariatric patients management must be aware of neurological sequelae related to this intervention.     

呼吸机氧气转接头的设计与临床应用

目的：研制两种氧气转接头,在不改变呼吸机氧气连接装置的情况下,实现中心供氧系统不同终端插座之间的快速转换使用,解决临时更换呼吸机氧气连接装置的困难。方法：设计一种双卡套式连接结构,两端分别连接终端插座和氧气插头,构成简单实用的氧气转接头。结果：制作的两种氧气转接头实现呼吸机与不同氧气终端插座无缝衔接,安装时间只需数秒。结论：应用转接头实现呼吸机在医院范围内快速调配,解决了氧气插头与插座不匹配的问题,同时节省了大量资金     

Identification of nitric oxide metabolites in various honeys: effects of intravenous honey on plasma and urinary nitric oxide metabolites concentrations

Honey has antibacterial activity, promotes healing, and enhances immunity. Its acidity, osmotic effects of its high content of sugar, and hydrogen peroxide are assumed to be responsible for its effects. In this study, various honeys were investigated for the presence of nitrite/nitrate, the stable nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, and the effects of intravenous infusion of honey on urinary and plasma NO end products were studied in healthy sheep. Seven kinds of honey, different in their origin (three from Yemen, two from the United Arab Emirates, one from Germany, and one from India), color, and duration of storage, were investigated for the presence of NO metabolites. The assessment of NO metabolites was performed before and after exposure of the honey samples to heating (80 degrees C for 1 hour) or ultraviolet light (for 24 hours). Seven healthy male sheep were used for the study. Fresh unprocessed yellow honey (2 g/kg of body weight) was infused over a period of 45 minutes to each fasting sheep. Plasma and urinary NO metabolites were measured before and after the infusion. All the honey samples examined had various concentrations of NO metabolites; the highest concentration was in the fresh dark honey collected from Yemen, and the lowest in 1-year-stored dark honey collected from India. Darker or fresh honeys contained more NO metabolites than light or stored honey. After heating, NO metabolites decreased in all the kinds of honey. After ultraviolet exposure, NO metabolites were decreased in four kinds of honey, increased in one kind, and unchanged in two kinds. The darker stored honey had more resistance to heating and ultraviolet exposure. Intravenous infusion of honey elevated urinary NO metabolites from 8.4 +/- 7.4 micromol/L to 14.9 +/- 10 micromol/L during the first 60-90 min after infusion and to 35.2 +/- 34 micromol/L during the next 150-180 min. Plasma NO metabolites were increased during 1, 2, and 3 hours after infusion by 3%, 3.6%, and 17%, respectively. No side effects were reported with the use of intravenous honey. It might be concluded that honey contains various concentrations of NO metabolites. Its intravenous infusion increased plasma and urinary NO metabolites. It is assumed that NO might be responsible, in part, for the biological and therapeutic effects of honey.