江枳壳润肠颗粒改善功能性便秘的研究

目的:探索江枳壳润肠颗粒治疗功能性便秘的药效学研究。方法:大鼠72只,分为正常对照组、模型对照组、聚乙二醇散剂(阳性对照组,2.08g/kg)和枳壳润肠颗粒5.5mg/kg、11mg/kg、22mg/kg组,除正常对照组外,其余各组灌胃50mg/kg复方地芬诺酯混悬液复制大鼠功能性便秘模型,记录首粒粪便排出时间及粪便含水率,观察对肠道推进运动的影响,ELISA法测定各组大鼠血清和结肠组织中的胃动素(MTL)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)、P物质(SP)的含量。结果:枳壳润肠颗粒5.5mg/kg、11mg/kg、22mg/kg能缩短大鼠首粒粪便排出时间,增加粪便含水率,提高大鼠肠道推进率,提高大鼠血清和肠道SP、MTL水平,降低血清VIP水平。结论:枳壳润肠颗粒6mg/kg、12mg/kg、24mg/kg对功能性便秘均有显著改善作用,其改善作用与促进胃肠运动,提高胃肠道的收缩力和张力有关。     

环维黄杨星D对心肌缺血大鼠LDH、NO、NOS及iNOS水平的影响

目的:探索环维黄杨星D(Cvb-D)对心肌缺血大鼠LDH、NO、NOS及iNOS水平的影响。方法:SD大鼠每天灌胃0.55、1.1和2.2 mg/kg Cvb-D连续21 d。腹腔注射20 u/kg垂体后叶素制备心肌缺血模型,检测大鼠血清LDH、血清和心肌匀浆NO、NOS、iNOS含量。结果:2.2 mg/kg Cvb-D显著抑制垂体后叶素致心肌缺血性模型大鼠血清LDH释放,1.1 mg/kg和2.2 mg/kg Cvb-D显著升高模型大鼠血清和心肌组织NO含量;显著升高模型大鼠血清心肌组织NOS和iNOS活性,与模型组比较P<0.01或P<0.05。结论:Cvb-D具有抗心肌缺血药理作用,减少LDH释放、调节血清和心肌组织NO、NOS及iNOS水平是其机理之一。     

芍药甘草汤对哮喘模型大鼠血清白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-6及IgE影响的实验研究

目的 研究血清IL-4、IL-6及IgE在卵蛋白致敏哮喘大鼠发病中的作用及芍药甘草汤对它们的影响.方法 60只雄性大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、地塞米松片5 mg/kg组、芍药甘草汤5 g/kg组、地塞米松片2.5 mg/kg组、地塞米松片2.5 mg/kg合芍药甘草汤5g/kg组.用卵蛋白(OVA)致敏来制备哮喘模型大鼠,ELISA法检测血清IL-4、IL-6及IgE.结果 模型组血清IL-4、IL-6及IgE高于正常组(P<0.01),经治疗后均有所降低,且地塞米松片5 mg/kg组和地塞米松片2.5 mg/kg合芍药甘草汤5 g/kg组最显著.结论 支气管哮喘的发病与血清IL-4、IL-6及lgE的异常有关,芍药甘草汤对其具有调节作用.     

麝香与冰片及其不同配比对脑冷冻伤大鼠血清ET、NO的影响

目的:考察麝香与冰片及其不同配比对液氮冷冻所致脑水肿模型大鼠脑含水量以及内皮素(ET)、一氧化氮(NO)的影响。方法:采用湿重法,测定麝香66.67 mg/kg组、冰片66.66 mg/kg、133.33 mg/kg、200.00 mg/kg组以及二者配伍1:1、1:2、1:3组的大鼠脑组织含水量;采用酶联免疫吸附法、硝酸还原酶法测定各组血清ET、NO含量。结果:①假手术组、冰片66.67 mg/kg组、配伍1:3组大鼠脑组织含水量明显低于模型组、吐温组。②模型组血清ET含量显著高于假手术、麝香66.67 mg/kg组,冰片66.67、133.33、200 mg/kg组,配伍1:1、1:2组。③模型组和吐温组的血清NO含量显著低于假手术组、冰片133.33、200 mg/kg组,配伍1:2、1:3组;配伍1:3组大鼠血清NO含量极显著高于麝香66.67 mg/kg、冰片66.67 mg/kg组。④冰片133.33、200 mg/kg组、配伍1:2、1:3组ET/NO值显著低于吐温组。结论:麝香与冰片配伍各组均能不同程度降低脑含水量、血清ET含量、ET/NO值,增加NO含量,其中,配伍1:3组作用显著。     

黄芪甲苷对CCl_4所致小鼠肝损伤的影响

目的:研究黄芪甲苷的抗肝损伤作用机制。方法:雄性C57鼠采用腹腔注射CCl_4构建肝损伤模型,同时采用黄芪甲苷(20 mg/kg、40 mg/kg)和阳性药扶正化瘀胶囊(750 mg/kg)进行灌胃,HE染色检测肝损伤的变化;生化检测血清丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、超氧化歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA);采用ELISA检测血清中的白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α);Western blot法检测肝脏中TGF-β及Smad-3的蛋白表达。结果:黄芪甲苷(20 mg/kg、40 mg/kg)组和扶正化瘀胶囊(750mg/kg)组显著抑制CCl_4诱导的小鼠肝损伤程度,与纤维化模型组相比,黄芪甲苷(20 mg/kg、40 mg/kg)组和扶正化瘀胶囊(750 mg/kg)组血清ALT、AST水平及MDA水平明显降低及IL-6、TNF-α,SOD显著提高;黄芪甲苷(20 mg/kg、40 mg/kg)组和扶正化瘀胶囊(750 mg/kg)组显著抑制肝组织中TGF-β和smad-3的蛋白表达。结论:黄芪甲苷具有显著的改善肝损伤作用。     

糖肾康含药血清对高糖诱导小鼠肾小球系膜细胞增殖及周期的影响

目的:观察糖肾康含药血清对高糖诱导小鼠肾小球系膜细胞(GMCs)增殖及周期的影响,阐明作用机制。方法:30只SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、糖肾康4.6g/kg组、糖肾康13.8g/kg组、糖肾康41.4g/kg组和罗格列酮0.36mg/kg组5组,分别灌胃等体积生理盐水、糖肾康生药4.6g/kg、13.8g/kg、41.4g/kg和罗格列酮0.36mg/kg,1次/d,连续灌胃7d后腹主动脉取血制备含药血清;小鼠肾小球系膜细胞在高糖(30mmol/L葡萄糖)诱导下经含药血清治疗,分为正常血清组、高糖对照组、10%罗格列酮0.36mg/kg含药血清组、10%糖肾康4.6g/kg、13.8g/kg、41.4g/kg含药血清组,治疗24h、48h、72h和96h后,采用MTT法测定细胞增殖,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,划痕标记荧光染料示踪技术检测细胞间隙连接通讯功能(GJIC),RTq-PCR技术检测Cx43、DAG、IP3和PKC的mRNA的表达。结果:(1)与高糖对照组比较,10%糖肾康13.8g/kg、41.4g/kg含药血清组A值在24h、48h、72h和96h各时间段均明显下降,且糖肾康各剂量含药血清组A值从72h开始下降程度优于10%罗格列酮0.36mg/kg含药血清组。(2)与高糖对照组比较,含药血清治疗到72h时,G0/G1期细胞百分比升高,S期百分比降低,细胞增殖指数明显降低;与10%罗格列酮0.36mg/kg含药血清组比较,10%糖肾康41.4g/kg含药血清组效果更优。(3)与高糖对照组比较,10%罗格列酮0.36mg/kg含药血清组和10%糖肾康13.8g/kg、41.4g/kg含药血清组均能改善肾小球系膜细胞的细胞间隙连接通讯功能,10%糖肾康41.4g/kg含药血清组最优。(4)与高糖对照组比较,10%罗格列酮0.36mg/kg含药血清组和10%糖肾康13.8g/kg、41.4g/kg含药血清均能降低DAG、IP3、PKC的mRNA,升高CX43mRNA,10%糖肾康41.4g/kg含药血清组最优。结论:糖肾康能够抑制高糖环境下肾小球系膜细胞增生,调节细胞周期,改善细胞间隙连接通讯功能功能,促进增殖细胞凋亡,治疗早期糖尿病肾病,其可能机制是糖肾康阻断了DAG/PKC信号通路,增加了Cx43表达,改善了细胞间隙连接通讯功能。     

红毛五加总苷对大鼠体内疼痛介质的影响

目的:探讨灌胃给药(ig)红毛五加总苷(TGA)对大鼠体内疼痛介质的影响.方法:用试剂盒测定大鼠igTGA后对5%甲醛(FD)致痛模型血清及脑组织的NO,NOS,β-EP和CGRP的变化.结果:大鼠igTGA200mg/kg并皮下注射FD 5min后,血清和脑NO,NOS,β-EP含量与模型组比较P＞0.05.大鼠igTGA200mg/kg和400mg/kg并皮下注射FD 5min和60min后CGRP含量与模型组比较P＞0.05.大鼠igTGA400mg/kg并注射FD 5min后,NO(123.29±27.28)μmol/L血清,(1.86±0.17)μmol/g prot脑;NOS(15.03±3.16)U/L血清, (1.55±0.19)U/mg prot脑;β-EP(108.23±6.43)ng/L血清, (139.48±15.32)ng/g脑,各组与模型组比较P＜0.01.大鼠igTGA200mg/kg并注射FD60min后,NO(141.27±24.12)μmol/L血清,(1.84±0.30)μmol/g prot脑;NOS(17.35±2.77)U/L血清,(1.51±0.23)U/mg prot脑;β-EP(111.48±11.72)ng/L血清, (132.48±19.46)ng/g脑;大鼠igTGA400mg/kg并注射FD 60min后,NO(129.20±30.39)μmol/L血清, (1.65±0.31)μmol/g prot脑:NOS(14.23±2.94)U/L血清, (1.29±0.30)U/mg prot脑;β-EP(121.80±12.25)ng/L血清, (152.78±13.08)ng/g脑;各组与模型组比较P＜0.01.结论:大鼠igTGA200mg/kg和400mg/kg主要影响注射FD引起的Ⅱ相疼痛应激反应(60min),对Ⅰ相疼痛应激反应(5min)的作用较轻.推测TGA的镇痛作用可能不影响体内CGRP,但与NO,NOS,β-EP变化有关.     

灵芝多糖对动脉粥样硬化大鼠氧化应激的影响

目的:研究灵芝多糖Ganoderma lucidum polyccharide(GLPs)对动脉粥样硬化大鼠氧化应激的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠72只,随机分为6组:正常组(N)、模型组(M)、灵芝多糖(800mg/kg)组、灵芝多糖(400mg/kg)组、灵芝多糖(200mg/kg)组和辛伐他汀组(SV,1.8mg/kg);正常组喂食正常饲料,其他五组用高脂饲料复制大鼠早期动脉粥样硬化(AS)模型,自造模开始,灵芝多糖每日分别以800mg/kg、400mg/kg、200mg/kg剂量灌胃,辛伐他汀组以1.8mg/kg灌胃;正常组及模型组以等量生理盐水灌胃。正常组喂食基础饲料,其他组喂食高脂饲料并腹腔注射维生素D3。12周给药后,取动脉血和主动脉组织,分别测定各实验组血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)等含量;取主动脉分别以肉眼和电镜观察形态学变化。结果:模型组TC、TG含量均高于正常组(P<0.01),GLPs(800mg/kg)组和GLPs(400mg/kg)组血清TC、TG均明显比模型组低(P<0.05);GLPs(800mg/kg)组和GLPs(400mg/kg)组测得MDA均明显比模型组低(P<0.05);而GLPs(800mg/kg)组SOD含量则高于模型组(P<0.05);血清CAT和GSH-PX水平GLPs(800mg/kg)组较模型组相比均明显上升(P<0.05);血清和主动脉组织中NOS水平GLPs(800mg/kg)组较模型组相比均明显上升(P<0.05)。通过电镜观察GLPs(800mg/kg)组可使内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞保持完整,覆盖于内膜表面,对其具有较好的保护作用。其中灵芝多糖(800mg/kg)组效果优于灵芝多糖(200mg/kg)组。结论:灵芝多糖可以抑制动脉粥样硬化大鼠氧化应激的形成。     

铁皮枫斗胶囊对高胆固醇血症大鼠辅助降血脂的效果研究

目的:研究铁皮枫斗胶囊的辅助降血脂功能,为开发新的保健品提供依据。方法:制备高脂饲料致大鼠高胆固醇血症动物模型,灌胃给予铁皮枫斗胶囊(800 mg/kg、400 mg/kg、200 mg/kg),于造模第2周及给药第2周(造模第4周)、第4周(造模第6周)测定血清四项TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C水平;给药第4周,测定血清ALT、AST,以及胆固醇酰基转运酶(ACAT)、卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转运酶(LCAT)水平。结果:与模型对照组相比,给药2周,800 mg/kg铁皮枫斗组大鼠TC、LDL-C水平显著降低(P0.05)。给药4周,铁皮枫斗胶囊800 mg/kg、400 mg/kg组大鼠血清TC、LDL-C水平显著降低(P0.01～0.05),800 mg/kg铁皮石斛组大鼠血清ALT显著降低(P0.05),ELISA结果显示,800 mg/kg铁皮枫斗组大鼠血清LCAT升高。结论:铁皮枫斗胶囊能降低高脂血症大鼠TC、LDL-C水平,具有一定的辅助降血脂效果。     

温胆汤含药血清对星形胶质细胞Cx43和GJ的影响

目的:探讨温胆汤含药血清对星形胶质细胞缝隙连接(GJ)和连结蛋白43(Cx43)表达的影响。方法:40只SD大鼠随机分为5组:正常组、氯氮平20mg/kg组、温胆汤40g/kg组、温胆汤30g/kg组、温胆汤20g/kg组。氯氮平组ig氯氮平20 mg/kg,温胆汤40g/kg、30g/kg、20g/kg组分别ig温胆汤生药40、30、20 g/kg,正常组用等量生理盐水ig,1次/d,8天后处死大鼠,取血,离心取血清,灭活,过滤除菌备用。将星形胶质细胞分为6组:对照组(普通培养基培养)、正常鼠血清组、氯氮平20mg/kg血清组、温胆汤40g/kg血清组、温胆汤30g/kg血清组、温胆汤20g/kg血清组,按照相应的分组更换含药血清进行培养24h、36h、48h后,采用划痕染料标记示踪技术(SLDT)在荧光显微镜下,通过荧光黄扩散距离测定星形胶质细胞间GJ水平;Western blotting法检测星形胶质细胞中Cx43磷酸化和非磷酸化的表达。结果:温胆汤40g/kg、30g/kg、20g/kg血清组作用于星形胶质细胞24h、36h、48h后,能使荧光扩散面积及强度不同程度的显著增加;并显著提高Cx43磷酸化和非磷酸化的表达。结论:温胆汤能够上调星形胶质细胞Cx43磷酸化和非磷酸化的表达,增强GJ水平,从而改善细胞间隙连接通讯(GJIC)功能。     

麦冬总皂苷对实验性高血糖小鼠的降糖作用

目的：研究麦冬总皂苷对实验性糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响。方法：麦冬总皂苷（100,200,400 mg/kg）灌胃,测定正常小鼠及由四氧嘧啶、肾上腺素、葡萄糖所致高血糖小鼠血糖水平。结果：麦冬总皂苷对四氧嘧啶、肾上腺素及葡萄糖引起的小鼠高血糖均有抑制作用。结论：麦冬总皂苷对实验性高血糖小鼠有明显的降糖作用。     

Acute toxicity and sub-chronic toxicity of steroidal saponins from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright in rodents

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Steroidal saponins from Dioscorea zingiberensis are widely used in China for curing cardiovascular diseases. However, there was little toxicological information available on them.

Aim of the study

The study evaluated potential toxicity of the steroidal saponins and analyzed the metabolites in rats.

Materials and methods

For the acute study, the steroidal saponins were administered to kunming mice in single doses of 112.5–9000 mg/kg given by gavage. General behavior adverse effects, mortality and liver histopathological changes were examined. For the sub-chronic toxicity study, Sprague–Dawley rats were gavaged at doses of 127.5, 255 and 510 mg/kg/day for 30 days, then examined the biochemical and hematological parameters. Metabolites in serum were analyzed by HPLC–MS.

Results

The steroidal saponins caused dose-dependent general behavior adverse effects, mortality and liver histopathological changes in the acute toxicity study. In the sub-chronic toxicity study, 510 mg/kg/day of steroidal saponins increased total bilirubin (TBIL) in serum and decreased protein content in liver significantly. The metabolic process of TBIL in liver includes TBIL intaking, conjugated bilirubin forming, conjugated bilirubin excreting to biliary passage. Treatment with high dose of the steroidal saponins in vivo may lead to vacuolization of the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and canalicular cholestasis. In all doses used in the experiment, the steroidal saponins decreased aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in serum and increased reduced glutathione hormone (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferases (GST) in liver. Diosgenin was the main metabolite in serum.

Conclusions

The steroidal saponins did not show any sign of toxicity up to oral dose of 562.5 mg/kg in mice. No significant changes of biochemical and hematological parameters in rats (except at 510 mg/kg/day), it was concluded that the steroidal saponins did not appear to have significant toxicity in their traditional uses.     

威灵仙总皂苷抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的:观察威灵仙总皂苷的抗炎、镇痛作用.方法:用醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高、二甲苯诱导小鼠耳肿胀、鸡蛋清诱导大鼠足肿胀、大鼠棉球肉芽肿等实验模型观察抗炎作用;用小鼠热板法和扭体法试验观察镇痛作用.结果:威灵仙总皂苷38、75、150mg/kg能明显延长小鼠热板痛阈时间,减少醋酸致小鼠扭体次数,减轻二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀程度,威灵仙总皂苷25、50、100mg/kg对大鼠鸡蛋清诱导的足肿胀及棉球诱导的大鼠肉芽肿均有显著的抑制作用.结论:威灵仙总皂苷具有显著抗炎、镇痛作用.     

Saponins from the leaves of Musanga cecropioïdes (cecropiaceae) constitute a possible source of potent hypotensive principles

The aqueous leaf extract and saponins extracted from the aqueous leaf extract of Musanga cecropioïdes exhibited potent hypotensive effects in both normotensive and hypertensive rats. The intravenous administration (direct invasive blood pressure study technique) of 15–30 mg/kg body weight of the aqueous leaf extract produced a fall in blood pressure (BP) of 35%–57% in hypertensive rats and 27% in normotensive individuals. This BP fall was followed by a transient rise, while saponins extracted from the aqueous extract of the leaves of MC produced a fall in BP of 55% in hypertensive and 30% in normotensive rats. In the indirect (tail cuff) blood pressure study, the effect was also dose-dependent. The oral administration of 300 mg/kg body weight of the aqueous leaf extract produced a BP fall of over 30% by 12 h following extract administration while the saponins (0.02–0.8 mg/kg body weight) produced a fall of 10% to 53%.     

Effect of bacosides A and B on avoidance responses in rats

The nerve tonic activity of Bacopa monniera has been attributed to two saponins named Bacosides A and B. In the present investigation, Bacosides A and a mixture of the two saponins were used as aqueous suspensions. In the shock motivated brightness discrimination reaction a single oral dose of 10 mg/kg, 90 min prior to training, significantly reduced the time per trial, increased the number of positive responses and enhanced the relearning index. Similar effects were also observed in the relearning trial, but it was necessary to give a second dose 90 min prior to testing. In the active conditioned avoidance test 10 mg/kg p.o. given every alternate day significantly reduced the reaction time from the day 4 onward as well as the number of days of training. In the conditioned taste aversion response the bacosides produced a significant decrease in the lithium chloride intake. This effect was dose related in the range of 2.5–7.5 mg/kg p.o. Bacosides appear to be promising compounds having facilitatory effect on mental retention capacity by improving responses with positive as well as negative reinforcement.     

Korean red ginseng saponins with low ratios of protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol saponin improve scopolamine-induced learning disability and spatial working memory in mice.

The effects of two ginseng saponins having a different ratio of protopanaxadiol (PD) and protopanaxatriol saponins (PT) on the learning impairment induced by scopolamine, and learning and memory in mice were investigated in a passive avoidance task and a Morris water maze task. The ratio of PD and PT was 1.24 and 1.46, respectively. Before training, the ginseng saponins were administered intraperitoneally at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg. The two saponins improved the scopolamine-induced learning impairment at different dosages in mice, 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. However, the two saponins did not show a favorable effect on learning and memory in normal mice. Korean red ginseng saponin with a low PD/PT ratio had an improving effect on spatial working memory, but the saponin with a high PD/PT ratio did not. This finding suggests that the PD/PT ratio of the ginseng saponins may be an important factor in the pharmacological role of red ginseng as a medicinal herb.     

三七总皂苷对非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠的改善作用及对NO/iNOS/NF-κB通路的影响

目的研究三七总皂苷对非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠的改善作用及对NO/iNOS/NF-κB通路的影响。方法96只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,辛伐他汀组(2 mg/kg),三七总皂苷低、中、高剂量组(4.5、9、18 mg/kg),每组16只,灌胃给药(10 mL/kg),分别于第8、12周取材,检测2个时间点各组大鼠外周血丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)和肝脏NO、iNOS(诱导型一氧化氮合酶);HE染色观察肝组织病理学形态;免疫组化法检测iNOS在肝脏细胞中的表达情况;Western blot法检测NF-κB(核因子-κB)、p-NF-κB(磷酸化核因子-κB)、IKKα(IκB激酶-α)、p-IKKα(磷酸化IκB激酶-α)、IκBa蛋白表达量。结果与模型组比较,给药8周后,大鼠血清各项生化指标均出现了显著下降(P<0.05);给药12周后,与第8周结果比较,模型组血清生化指标显著增加(P<0.05),而给药组增加趋势并不显著,且三七总皂苷给药剂量在抑制非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠肝脏脂质沉积方面存在剂量-效应关系。三七总皂苷可显著下调肝组织中NO、iNOS水平及NF-κB信号通路蛋白的表达量(P<0.05)。结论三七总皂苷可有效降低非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠转氨酶水平及血脂指标,同时可以抑制NO/iNOS/NF-κB信号通路,减少肝损伤,是三七总皂苷降脂护肝、减轻炎症反应的可能机制之一。     

基于七叶一枝花中高含量皂苷类成分的氮、磷、钾配施方案研究

目的 研究氮、磷、钾肥配施对七叶一枝花Paris polyphylla var.chinensis中皂苷类成分含量的影响,以优化七叶一枝花最佳氮、磷、钾配施方案,为其合理施肥提供科学依据.方法 以3因素5水平二次回归通用旋转组合设计安排田间试验,采用UPLC-ELSD法测定七叶一枝花中7种皂苷含量,通过方差分析建立回归...     

黄芪总皂苷与赤芍总苷协同抗血栓作用

运用肺栓塞、动脉血栓形成、脑血栓形成三种实验性血栓形成模型 ,观察黄芪总皂苷 (AS)和赤芍总苷 (TSP)以各种剂量配伍时的作用 ;结果AS和TSP均具有不同程度抗各种实验性血栓形成作用或趋势 ,配伍后作用更佳 ,抗凝作用则源于赤芍总苷 ,应用二因素五水平均匀设计方法观察到AS 5 0mg kg和TSP 15 0mg kg配伍时抗动脉血栓形成作用最佳 ,该剂量下两药配伍对于大鼠脑血栓有相加的保护作用。表明AS和TSP有协同抗血栓形成作用。     

星点设计-响应面法优选藤梨根总皂苷提取工艺

目的:优选藤梨根总皂苷的提取工艺,为该药用部分的开发提供参考。方法:以总皂苷提取量为指标,采用星点设计-响应面法考察提取时间、乙醇体积分数和料液比对藤梨根总皂苷提取工艺的影响。利用UV测定总皂苷含量,检测波长547 nm。结果:最佳工艺条件为提取时间73 min,乙醇体积分数65%,料液比1∶13;藤梨根总皂苷提取量1.67 mg·g-1,与预测值1.69 mg·g-1的偏差1.18%。结论:该提取工艺稳定可行,适用于藤梨根总皂苷的提取。