丹参水提物对化学引起大白鼠心肌缺血的保护作用

丹参水提取物(SM-H)预防异丙肾上腺素(ISO)或氯化钡引起大白鼠急性心肌缺血和心律失常有如下的显著效应:(1)腹腔注射 SM-H,连续3～5天,或1次静脉注射,均能显著地减少动物的死亡率;(2)静脉注射 SM-H 进行氯化钡恒速灌注,显著提高导致动物心律失常而致死的氯化钡剂量;(3)腹腔注射 SM-H,显著防止或减少氯化钡静脉注射引起大白鼠的室性过早搏动、心室纤颤、心搏过缓以及死亡率;(4)腹腔注射 SM-H,能显著缩小 ISO 引起大白鼠心电图的 J-点位移。     

广藿香三种提取物对肠道功能作用的比较

广藿香的水提物、去油水提物和挥发油均可抑制离体兔肠的自发收缩和乙酰胆碱、氯化钡引起的痉挛性收缩，对乙酰胆碱和氯化钡引起的收缩作用强度顺序是：挥发油＞去油水提物＞水提物。在整体实验中，广藿香水提物和去油水提物均能抑制正常小鼠胃肠推进运动和新斯的明引起的小鼠胃肠推进运动亢进，对抗番泻叶引起的小鼠腹泻。而广藿香挥发油反促进腹泻。结果提示广藿香改善肠道功能和抗腹泻的有效成分可能为水溶性成分。     

天然冬虫夏草的抗实验性心律失常作用

天然冬虫夏草醇提物可明显对抗乌头碱和氯化钡引起的麻醉大鼠心律失常;能提高豚鼠心脏哇巴因中毒的耐受量;能使麻醉大鼠和豚鼠心率减慢;并能降低离体豚鼠心肌收缩力,但对右心房的自动节律性和左心房的功能不应期均无明显影响。     

水芹注射剂的抗实验性心律失常作用

脉注射水芹注射剂3ml/kg,可明显对抗乌头碱及氯化钡引起的大鼠心律失常;降低氯化钙引起的大鼠室颤发生率及死亡率,提示水芹注射剂具有明显的抗实验性动物心律失常作用。     

舒心平胶囊对大鼠实验性心律失常的作用

目的:观察舒心平胶囊对心律失常的影响.方法:舒心平连续给药7天,乌头碱静注诱发大鼠心律失常,记录各组动物发生室性早搏(VP)、室性心动过速(VT)时乌头碱用量;乌头碱侧脑室给药观察各组动物心律失常的持续时间;氯化钡静脉给药,观察各组动物出现心律失常时氯化钡用量.结果:舒心平可明显提高乌头碱致大鼠发生VP、VT的用量;明显缩短大鼠中枢性心律失常的持续时间,并可提高氯化钡诱发大鼠心律失常的剂量.结论:舒心平胶囊对模型动物诱发的室性早搏、室性心动过速具有拮抗作用.     

水芹正丁醇提取物抗心律失常作用的实验研究

目的：研究水芹正丁醇提取物对心律失常的作用。方法：采用多种实验性心律失常模型，观察其对抗作用。结果：水芹正丁醇提取物(Sf—Bt)能够明显增加引起大鼠室性心律失常的乌头碱用量；显著减少氯化钡所致的双相性室性心律失常的动物个数，明显推迟心律失常的出现时间，综合维持时间，并明显增加引起起豚鼠室性心律失常的哇巴因用量。结论：水芹正丁醇提取物具有明显的抗心律失常作用。     

滇黄芩总黄酮抗心律失常作用的实验研究

目的:观察滇黄芩总黄酮对大鼠和豚鼠实验性心律失常的影响.方法:动物用10%水合氯醛麻醉后随机分为正常组、阳性药组(奎尼丁20 mg·kg~(-1),维拉帕米1 mg·kg~(-1)),滇黄芩总黄酮低、中、高剂量(10,20,40 mg·kg~(-1))组,用哇巴因、氯化钡或氯化钙诱发豚鼠和大鼠心律失常模型,观察哇巴因诱发心律失常所需的累积剂量和氯化钡及氯化钙所致的心律失常出现时间.结果:滇黄芩总黄酮可提高哇巴因诱发豚鼠致室性早搏(VP)和心室纤颤(VF)的阈剂量,推迟氯化钡诱发大鼠室性心动过速的出现时间,延缓氯化钙诱发大鼠心室纤颤的出现时间.结论:滇黄芩总黄酮具有对抗动物实验性心律失常的作用.     

复律定对实验性心律失常的作用

复律定对氯化钡和肾上腺素引起的心律失常有明显的对抗作用;对氯仿和氯化钙引起的心室纤颤致死有保护作用;亦能推迟乌头碱性心律失常的发生时间和降低死亡率;不能对抗哇巴因对心脏的毒性;对正常动物心率和异丙肾上腺素加快心率的作用无明显影响;有明显的抗缺氧能力和增加心肌营养性血流量。分析复律定可能主要直接作用于心脏而产生抗心律失常作用。     

血竭提取物抗大鼠实验性心律失常作用研究

目的:明确血竭提取物对大鼠实验性心律失常的作用并且探讨可能的机制。方法:研究采用随机对照动物实验设计,以血竭提取物为研究用药,大鼠随机分为模型组、血竭提取物低剂量组、血竭提取物中剂量组和血竭提取物高剂量组。分别对氯化钡和肾上腺素诱发的大鼠心律失常模型进行研究,观察给药后心律失常出现时间、持续时间及心律失常发生数。结果:与模型组比较,血竭提取物能够显著降低模型的静息心率,延长氯化钡和肾上腺素诱发的室性心律失常和其他心律失常的出现时间并能够缩短心律失常持续时间。结论:血竭提取物可有效对抗氯化钡和肾上腺素诱发的实验性大鼠心律失常。     

仪花抗心律失常作用的研究

目的:探讨仪花的抗心律失常作用.方法:采用氯化钡、哇巴因、氯仿3种实验性心律失常模型,观察LRHS对心律失常的影响.结果:LRHS能明显降低氯仿诱发小鼠室颤的发生率,明显延长氯化钡引起的大鼠心律失常出现时间和缩短心律失常持续时间,大剂量LRHS对哇巴因诱发的豚鼠心律失常,能明显增加出现VP、VT、VF和CA所需哇巴因的用量.结论:LRHS具有抗心律失常作用.     

红毛五加皮对豚鼠离体心脏冠脉流量及某些心律失常的影响

红毛五加皮经乙醇处理后剩余物的水煎液可使豚鼠离体心脏冠脉流量增加,可延长乌头碱所致大白鼠心律失常的潜伏期,能使氯化钡所致的大白鼠心律失常立即转为窦性心律,但维持时间甚短,仅使心律失常得到部分改善。对花背蟾蜍中毒所致豚鼠离体心脏及麻醉猫心律失常可转为正常节律。     

蝙蝠葛果提取物抗大鼠实验性心律失常和降压作用研究

目的:研究蝙蝠葛果提取物(MD)对药物诱发大鼠实验性心律失常和降血压的作用。方法:制备乌头碱、氯化钡(BaCl2)诱发的大鼠实验性心律失常模型,常规测定血压。记录给乌头碱后出现的室早(VA)、室速(VT)、室颤(VF)时的乌头碱用量;记录给BaCl2后心律失常出现时间和维持时间;记录给蝙蝠葛果提取物自身前后血压的变化。结果:MD(40 mg·kg-1 i,v)可明显提高乌头碱诱发大鼠出现室早、室速时的乌头碱用量;MD(40,20 mg·kg-1 i,v)可明显提高大鼠出现室颤时乌头碱用量,可明显推迟氯化钡诱发大鼠心律失常出现时间和缩短维持时间;MD(40 mg·kg-1)降压效果明显,降压持续时间明显延长。结论:MD对2种药物诱发的实验性心律失常均具有明显保护作用,MD有一定降压作用且降压效果明显持久。其抗心律失常机制可能与抑制钙离子、钠离子跨膜流动有关。     

四种羌活抗心律失常作用比较

本实验比较了四种羌活（简称Ni,Nf,Pr,As）抗心律失常作用，实验发现四种羌活均能缩短乌头碱诱发的心律失常持续时间以及廷长其潜伏期。Ni能廷长CaCl₂诱发的室颤发生时间，Pr能廷长BaCl₂诱发的心室停搏时间。鉴于羌活尚具有镇静作用，羌活可望作为良好的抗心律失常药。     

Reduction of agonist-induced contractions of guinea-pig isolated ileum by flavonoids

The effect of 13 flavonoids on the contraction of guinea-pig isolated ileum induced by prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and leukotriene D₄ (LTD₄) have been investigated. Apigenin, quercetin and kaempferol at a concentration of 10 μM significantly (p<0.001) reduced the contraction to either agonist. Crysin and flavone antagonized only PGE₂ (p<0.01). The other flavonoids were inactive. The blocking effect of apigenin, quercetin and kaempferol against PGE₂ was also concentration- and time-dependent, and was augmented by the calcium channel blocker verapamil or by lowering the extracellular calcium to 25%, consistent with a calcium-mediated mechanism of protection which these flavonoids, at the same concentration, also showed against barium chloride (BaCl₂)- or acetylcholine (ACh)-induced contraction (p<0.05–0.001).     

CNS depressant effects,anti-inflammatory activity and anti-cholinergic actions of Santolina chamaecyparissus extracts

The pharmacological activity of several extracts together with the lyophilized infusion of S. chamaecyparissus ssp. squarrosa were investigated. The lethal dose 50% (LD₅₀), effect on animal metabolism, mechanical and thermic analgesia and spontaneous, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ulcer activity have been determined. Studies on isolated organs (rat duodenum and rat uterus) were also carried out. The hexanic and chloroformic extracts were potent antagonists of the thermic analgesia test; the former extract was also active in the mechanical analgesia test. The chloroformic extract and, to a lesser extent, the ethyl acetate extract and lyophilized infusion demonstrated noteworthy activity as anti-inflammatory agents. No extract produced an ulcerogenic effect. The hexanic extract had the highest inhibitory effect on ACh induced contraction of rat duodenum and the ethyl acetate extract of oxytocin induced contraction of rat uterus.     

Study of the Hypoglycaemic,Diuretic and Cardiovascular Activity of Cedronella canariensis var. canariensis (L.) W. & B.

The hypoglycaemic, diuretic and cardiovascular activities of an infusion and CHCl₃ extract of the aerial part of Cedronella canariensis (L.) Webb & Berth are presented. It was observed that the CHCl₃ extract had a significant hypoglycaemic and diuretic effect. At the cardiovascular level, the infusion and CHCl₃ extract exercised a marked hypotensor effect in vivo and a brachycardiac activity in the isolated atria of the rat.     

Hypoglycaemic activity of Anthocleista vogelii (Planch) aqueous extract in rodents

The hypoglycaemic effect of Anthocleista vogelii was studied in mice, rats and rabbits. Aqueous extract of the plant obtained by infusion from finely pulverized root was used. The extract (100, 400 and 800 mg/kg) induced significant hypoglycaemic activity in a dose-related fashion at 2 h after oral administration in mice and rats with ED₂₅ of 250 mg/kg and 350 mg/kg respectively. The extract (800 mg/kg, orally) similarly induced statistically significant lowering of blood glucose levels at 8 h in normoglycaemic rabbits. The extract (400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, orally) also caused reduction of blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic animals. The results of this study indicate that the aqueous extract of the roots of Anthocleista vogelii possess favourable hypoglycaemic activity both in normo and hyperglycaemic animals compared to chlorpropamide as a standard.     

Spasmolytic action of the essential oil of Achillea ageratum L. in rats

The spasmolytic activity of Achillea ageratum L. essential oil in isolated rat duodenum has been in estigated. The essential oil was found to present a marked spasmolytic activity against acetylcholine and BaCl₂ via a non-competitive type of antagonism.     

鸡血藤抗肿瘤有效部位诱导A549肺癌细胞非凋亡性程序化死亡的研究

目的：探讨鸡血藤抗肿瘤有效部位(SSCE)对人非小细胞肺癌A549细胞的杀伤特点和作用机制。方法：采用四氮唑溴盐(MTT)法、绘制生长曲线观察药物对A549细胞增殖的影响。采用流式细胞术分析药物对肿瘤细胞周期的影响。通过HE染色和激光共聚焦扫描荧光显微镜技术、AnnexinV-PI双标法，Caspase-3活性检测以及DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳，观察药物对细胞凋亡的诱导作用。结果：SSCE对A549细胞有明显杀伤作用，24 h药效最强，IC₅₀为25.54 mg·L^-1。细胞周期分析显示，药物作用12 h，S期细胞增多，G₀-G₁和G₂-M期细胞减少，细胞周期变化在24 h后明显减弱，48 h恢复正常。形态学观察可见，药物作用短时间内(8～12 h)，细胞核发生皱缩扭曲，胞浆内出现较多空泡及颗粒状物，胞膜完整；随后细胞核固缩。细胞膜磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)外翻在用药后12 h最显著，具有时间-剂量依赖关系。Caspase-3活性无明显升高，且与剂量成反比。DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳未见片断化梯形条带。结论：SSCE对A549细胞具有直接杀伤作用，药效迅速，细胞周期受到干扰(S delay)，主要表现为非凋亡性程序化细胞死亡。