腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术临床特点探讨

目的 探讨腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术的临床特点.方法 近期收治的108例全子宫切除术患者,分为经腹全子宫切除术组(TAH )、经阴道全子宫切除术组(TVH)及腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术组(LAVH ),每组各36例,分别进行比较.结果 三组均未发生严重并发症;术中出血量LAVH 组显著少于TVH及TAH 组(P＜0.05);手术时间LAVH 组显著高于TAH 及TVH组(P＜0.05);住院时间LAVH 组显著低于TAH 及TVH组(P＜0.05);术后镇痛率TVH组显著低于TAH 及LAVH 组(P＜0.05);术后病率LAVH 组及TVH组显著低于TAH 组(P＜0.05).结论 较传统术式,腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术具有创伤小、住院时间短等优点,但临床中应用时应严格把握适应症及技术训练,以减少并发症的发生率.     

腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术病人的护理

随着医学的发展，腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫全切术（hparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy，LAVH）以其损伤小、恢复快、术后并发症少、住院时间短等优点，为越来越多的病人所接受。2005年1月-8月，我院共行腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术（LAVH）86例，并实施整体护理。现将护理体会报告如下。     

腹腔镜全子宫切除术与腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术的临床比较

目的比较腹腔镜全子宫切除术和腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2004年1月～2005年6月该院妇科286例子宫切除术的临床资料,其中腹腔镜全子宫切除术122例(LTH组),腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术组164例(LAVH组),比较其基本特征、手术时间、住院天数、费用和术后恢复等情况。结果LTH组手术适应证71.30%为子宫肌瘤,低于LAVH组(82.9%);附件/输卵管切除术所占比例LTH为28.7%,高于LAVH组(18.3%);LTH组术中出血100mL(20～400mL),少于LAVH组(50mL)(50～1500mL);手术费用LTH组为(1194.48±288.46)元,低于LAVH组的(1356.47±453.48)元;以上数据差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。子宫重量、手术时间、术后住院天数、手术并发症两组差异无显著性。结论LTH是安全有效的全子宫切除术式,值得临床推广应用。     

改良大子宫腹腔镜辅助阴式切除术的临床研究

目的比较大子宫阴式切除术（TVH）与改良腹腔镜辅助下大子宫阴式切除术（LAVH）的临床效果。方法收集该院2003年1月～2006年1月接受以上不同途径大子宫切除术患者（208例）的临床资料，其中阴式大子宫全切除术86例（阴式组），改良腹腔镜辅助大子宫阴式全切除术122例（腹腔镜组），比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、体温恢复时间、术中并发症及远期并发症。结果LAVH组与TvH组相比，手术时间明显缩短（P〈0．01），出血量明显减少（P〈0．001），体温恢复时间两组相比差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。TVH组术中发生膀胱损伤2例，转开腹行膀胱修补，术后发生阴道残端脓肿1例；LAVH组全部在镜下完成。无中转开腹。近期随访。TVH组发生阴道前壁脱垂2例，阴道后壁轻度脱垂1例；LAVH组无严重并发症发生。结论大子宫行改良LAVH手术优于TVH。     

腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术与阴式子宫切除术临床疗效分析

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术的疗效和安全性。方法 97例子宫良性病变患者随机分为2组,观察组50例行腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术,对照组47例行阴式全子宫切除术,比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、并发症发生率。结果与对照组比较,观察组手术时间、肛门排气时间短(P<0.05),术中出血量及术后并发症发生率低(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术安全性高,疗效优于阴式全子宫切除术。     

阴式子宫切除术与腹腔镜辅助下经阴道全子宫切除术的效果比较

目的 比较阴式子宫切除术（TVH）与腹腔镜下经阴道全子宫切除术（LAVH）进行子宫切除的效果.方法 将112例患者根据手术方法分为TVH组和LAVH组,每组56例,比较两组患者的手术时间、费用、围术期并发症及住院时间等指标.结果 LAVH组的手术时间及费用、术中出血量明显高于TVH组（P〈0.05）,两组在围术期并发症及住院时间上比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 TVH和LAVH两种术式在子宫切除术的应用中各有优缺点,应结合患者具体病情、经济能力等综合因素适当选择术式.     

腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术65例临床观察

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助阴式全子宫切除术的临床价值。方法对患子宫肌瘤、子宫腺肌症、卵巢肿瘤等具有子宫切除指征的65例患者施行腹腔镜辅助阴式全子宫切除术。结果全组58例手术成功，中转开腹手术7例，成功率为89．2％，平均手术时间108min（80-205min），术中平均出血量140nm（95-265nm），术后住院时间7-10d。未出现严重并发症。结论腹腔镜辅助阴式全子宫切除术创伤小，腹腔干扰轻，患者恢复快，值得临床应用、推广。     

腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫全切除术的护理配合

腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫全切除术为微创手术,较之阴式子宫全切除术又具备明显的优势[1],损伤小,适应证广,恢复快,住院时间短,技术日益成熟。2011年5月—2012年2月我院共有50例符合子宫切除术指证的病人接受了腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫全切除术,疗效确切。现将手术配合报道如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组50例,年龄40岁～65岁,中位年龄48.5岁;其中子宫肌瘤25例,子宫腺肌症15例,子宫脱垂5例,功能失调性子宫出血5例。1.2手术方法及结果病人均采用静吸复合全身麻醉。病人取膀胱截石位,医生经阴道放置举宫器,于脐孔做小切口,并建立二氧化碳(CO2)气腹,后取臀高头低位(30°～45°),放置腹腔     

腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术与腹腔镜Doderlein式子宫切除术式比较

目的：评价腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术（LAVH）的临床价值。方法：对35例子宫良性病变者行LAVH手术的临床治疗进行分析,并与腹腔镜Doderlein式子宫切除术（LDH）32例进行比较。结果：两组手术在手术时间,术后镇痛,肛门排气时间,住院时间等方面差异无统计学意义,但术中出血量比较：LAVH组（96．2±58．56）mL,LDH组（186．2±62．5）mL,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：LAVH手术镜处理子宫动脉,能有效控制术中出血量,值得临床推广应用。     

腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术126例

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术（LAVH）的临床价值。方法对自2005年10月至2008年10月行LAVH 126例患者的资料（腹腔镜组）进行回顾性分析,选同期基本情况相当的126例经腹子宫切除术（TAH）患者作为对照组（开腹组）,比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、手术并发症及术后恢复情况。结果①手术时间：腹腔镜组90—175min,平均125min,开腹组48—115min,平均75min,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。②术中出血量：腹腔镜组出血量50—90ml,平均75．5ml,开腹组出血量110～160ml,平均128．5ml,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。③术后恢复情况：腹腔镜组术后3d内平均最高体温、平均肛门排气时间、平均开始下床活动时间分别为37．5℃、20h、9．5h;开腹组术后3d内平均最高体温、平均肛门排气时间、平均下床活动时间分别为38．6℃、48h、40h;以上各指标两组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。④手术并发症发生率：腹腔镜组为3．17％,开腹组为2．38％,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论LAVH可拓宽阴式子宫切除术的适用范围,具有术中出血少、术后恢复快等优点,是一种安全、有效的术式。     

腹腔镜子宫切除术对卵巢功能、免疫功能的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜子宫切除术(LH)对卵巢功能与免疫功能的影响。方法 98例拟行子宫切除术患者随机分为观察组(n=49)与对照组(n=49),观察组给予腹腔镜下子宫切除术(LH)治疗,对照组给予开腹子宫切除术(AH)治疗。对比2组患者临床疗效及卵巢功能、免疫功能变化。结果观察组手术时间、术后排气时间显著短于对照组(P0.05),术中出血量、住院时间、并发症发生率显著优于对照组(P0.05)。术后72 h,2组IL-6、TNF-α、CRP水平均显著高于术前(P0.05),且观察组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组T细胞亚群无显著变化(P0.05),对照组术后72 h的CD_3~+、CD_4~+、CD_8~+均显著降低(P0.05)。2组术前FSH、LH、E_2、P比较无显著差异(P0.05),术后1年FSH、LH值均显著升高,E_2、P值均显著降低(P0.05),但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜子宫切除术对机体免疫功能影响较小。     

经腹腔镜和开腹子宫切除对卵巢功能的影响

目的探讨经腹腔镜子宫切除和开腹子宫切除术后对中青年女性卵巢功能的影响。方法选择因各种良性子宫疾病需行子宫切除术的患者100例,分为腹腔镜组和开腹组（n=50）,比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症发生率,同时比较两组患者术前及术后6、12个月生殖激素水平及围绝经期症状。结果两组术后6、12个月血清血清卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）水平升高,雌二醇（E2）、孕酮（P）水平下降,与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义（腹腔镜组t分别=-16．64、-33．23、-31．31、-76．66、1．21、4．69、1．78、3．57：开腹组t分别=-15．39、-26．69、-12．76、-18．88、-2．57、-0．29、-3．36、2_34,P均〈0．05）,而两组之间比较,差异无统计学意义（t分别=-0．07、0．63、2．11、0．11、0．42、-0．07、0．28、0．27,P均〉0．05）。腹腔镜组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症低于开腹组,差异均有统计学意义（t分别=-5．49、-0．21、-4．86,P均〈O．05）,而围绝经期症状出现两者比较,差异无统计学意义（f=0．65,P〉0．05）。结论子宫切除术后均可影响卵巢功能,腹腔镜子宫切除未加重对卵巢功能的影响。     

Total abdominal hysterectomy versus laparoscopically-assisted vaginal hysterectomy versus total vaginal hysterectomy

Introduction: While total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and total vaginal hysterectomy (TVH) are conventional procedures, we have actively introduced laparoscopically‐assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) since its advent. This study was the first attempt to retrospectively compare the surgical results, including invasiveness, among the three methods of performing a hysterectomy. Methods: The subjects included 1181 patients who underwent total hysterectomies (TAH, n=465; LAVH, n=629; TVH, n=87) due to uterine fibroids or uterine adenomyosis at our hospital between January 1995 and December 2009. The mean age, parity, weight of the removed uterus, operative time, blood loss, rates of intra‐ and post‐operative complications, length of post‐operative hospital stay, leukocyte count, and CRP and hemoglobin levels were compared. Results: The operative time was significantly longer in the LAVH group than the other two groups. Blood loss was significantly greater in the TAH group than the LAVH and TVA groups. The rates of intra‐ and post‐operative complications were significantly higher in the TAH group than the LAVH group. The CRP level and leukocyte count were significantly lower in the LAVH group than the TAH and TVH groups. Conclusion: LAVH can be applied to nulligravidas or patients with relatively large uteri and it is proved less invasive than TAH and TVH in this study. We recommend active application of LAVH.     

新式经阴道全子宫切除术的临床应用

目的研究新式经阴道全子宫切除术(TVH)的临床应用价值。方法选择2008年6月至2010年3月我院收治的60例子宫良性病变行TVH者作为研究组,随机抽取同期同指征行腹式全子宫切除术(TAH)者60例作为对照组,比较两组子宫、肌瘤大小及术中、术后情况,研究TVH的临床疗效。结果 TVH手术时间比TAH缩短20%,术中出血量减少23%,术后病率、杜冷丁使用率明显降低,排气时间缩短8 h。结论 TVH具有手术时间短、术中出血少、术后疼痛少、恢复快、术后病率低及住院时间短等优点,新式经阴道全子宫切除术值得在临床中广泛应用。     

Effect of total abdominal hysterectomy on ovarian blood supply in women of reproductive age.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of total abdominal hysterectomy on ovarian blood supply using transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography in women of reproductive age. METHODS: This prospective study included 61 women aged 40 years or younger who were divided into 2 groups: group 1, comprising 31 patients who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH); and group 2, comprising 30 women with no abnormalities. Inclusion criteria included normal ovarian function at baseline, with basal follicle-stimulating hormone levels of less than 15 mUI/mL, normal body weight, no tobacco use, and no history of laparotomy or ovarian disease. Ovarian arterial blood supply by determination of the pulsatility index (PI) on Doppler analysis and ovarian volume on transvaginal ultrasonography were assessed at baseline and at 6 and 12 postoperative months. The Student t test, profile analysis, and Friedman and Mann-Whitney tests were used in the statistical analysis of data. RESULTS: Statistical analysis of baseline data revealed that both groups were homogeneous. At months 6 and 12, greater ovarian volumes and lower PI values were observed in patients who underwent TAH (P < .05). By the end of the study, in 8 of the 31 patients who underwent TAH (25.5%), benign ovarian cysts were observed. In the control group, all the parameters studied remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: The reduced PI values observed on Doppler ultrasonography suggested a decrease in the resistance flow in the ovarian arteries in women of reproductive age who underwent TAH.     

Analysis of factors affecting vaginal hysterectomy

Abstract

The study analyzes factors that affect vaginal hysterectomy to establish the indications of a vaginal approach to benign uterine disease. In a retrospective study, 174 patients underwent vaginal hysterectomy for uterine leiomyomas or adenomyosis by one gynecologist between December 2005 and December 2006. All data were compared and analyzed by X²- test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression. Based on a uterine weight ≥ 500 g, body weight, a history of surgery, concomitant surgery (adenexectomy), penetration of the posterior cul de sac during surgery, uterine descent, and average uterine weight we determined the feasibility of vaginal hysterectomy. Based on an operative time ≥ 33 min, body weight, concomitant surgery (adenexectomy), penetration of the posterior cul de sac, vertical length of the vaginal opening, uterine descent, and the uterine weight had significant effects on the success of vaginal hysterectomy. The range of indications for vaginal hysterectomy may vary greatly depending on the surgeon's experience. If experiences are accumulated gradually, together with the advantages of laparoscopically assisted hysterectomy, most abdominal hysterectomies and laparoscopic hysterectomies can be replaced by vaginal hysterectomy.     

腹腔镜辅助下阴式全子宫切除术514例临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助阴式全子宫切除术的临床应用效果。方法对514例行腹腔镜辅助阴式全子宫切除术的患者进行回顾性分析。结果 514例患者为:子宫肌瘤319例、子宫腺肌病70例、宫颈原位癌103例、子宫内膜癌ⅠA期14例、子宫脱垂4例、中转开腹4例。合并盆腔粘连67例,有盆腔手术史患者为217例,子宫体积>12周187例。510例患者的平均手术时间为(130.23±22.05)min,平均术中出血量为(123.31±50.03)ml,99.01%患者术后第1天排气,95.23%患者术后6h进流质,97.14%患者术后下床活动时间为12h,术中术后并发症5例(术中膀胱损伤1例、输尿管损伤1例、肠管损伤2例、术后盆腔血肿1例),术后平均住院天数为(5.61±1.82)d。结论腹腔镜辅助阴式全子宫切除术具有手术创伤小、恢复快,以及其扩大了阴式全子宫切除术的适应证范围等优点,其临床疗效确切,是一种安全、可行的手术方式。     

腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除46例分析

目的通过对腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术(LAVH)和腹式子宫切除术(AH)两种方法的比较,分析评价腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术(LAVH)的临床意义。方法回顾性分析2002年12月~2003年12月在该院妇科施行LAVH和AH的病例,对两组患者的围手术期情况、术后病率等进行比较。结果术中出血量:LAVH组(295.60±55.23)ml比AH组(365.20±63.54)ml明显减少(P<0.05)。术后肛门排气时间:LAVH组(26.24±7.37)h比AH组(49.26±12.50)h明显缩短(P<0.001)。术后病率:LAVH组比AH组明显减少(P<0.05)。术后住院时间:LAVH组(4.83±1.20)d比AH组(7.80±2.20)d明显缩短(P<0.05)。两种术式的子宫重量、手术时间差异无显著(P>0.05)。结论LAVH具有创伤小、术中出血少、术后病率低、恢复快等优点,LAVH拓宽了阴式子宫切除术的应用范围,值得临床推广。