Asperger综合征儿童智力水平分析

目的探讨Asperger综合征儿童的智力水平和结构特点.方法采用韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WISC)对40名Asperger综合征患儿和59名正常儿童进行智力测试.结果 Asperger综合征儿童大部分(80%)智商在正常范围内,一小部分(17.5%)有智力缺损;其总智商、言语智商和操作智商分别为88.78±22.79,92.80±21.84,86.45±21.04,均低于正常儿童(P ＜0.05);且言语智商高于操作智商者较多(P ＜0.05).结论大部分Asperger综合征儿童智力正常,智力发展不平衡者较多.     

某幼儿园大班儿童智力及其影响因素的调查分析

目的 调查某幼儿园大班儿童的智力水平及其影响因素,以掌握孩子认知能力发育的规律.方法 金坛市某幼儿园145名大班儿童(男82名,女63名)参加此次调查,采用上海修订的韦克斯勒学龄前及初小儿童智力量表(WPPSI)一对一检测儿童智力,以父母填写问卷的形式调查影响智力的社会心理因素.结果 该幼儿园儿童平均智商为105.42±10.580,呈正态分布.言语智商、操作智商和总智商无性别差异(P>0.05).男、女童的操作智商均大于言语智商(P＜0.05).有31.72%的儿童发生智商分离,其中操作智商大于言语智商者占69.57%,智商分离与智商平衡者之间总智商的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).智商高低与性别、成长地无关,与父母的学历有关(P＜0.01).结论 此队列的学龄前儿童操作智商大于言语智商,有两种可能的假设:(1)儿童更多地接触相关材料选择性地提高了儿童的操作能力;(2)中国1982年修订的WPPSI评价规范需要修改.     

男性Tourette综合征患儿智力的影响因素

目的探讨Tourette综合征(TS)患儿智力结构的特征及其影响因素。方法符合DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准的26名TS男性患儿与26名正常对照儿童,采用中国韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WISC)进行智力测试,并用耶鲁综合抽动严重度量表对TS患儿进行抽动严重度的评定。结果TS组言语智商[(97.00±12.34)分]、操作智商[(93.46±13.65)分]及总智商[(94.85±11.80)分]均低于对照组[分别为(110.81±11.38)分;(102.81±10.69)分;(107.85±9.32)分],差异有显著性(P<0.01);TS组知识、分类、算术、数字广度及图片排列分测验值均低于对照组(P<0.05)。TS患儿的病程以及抽动严重度与智商无明显相关性。结论TS儿童的智商低于正常儿童,且智力结构存在损伤。TS患儿的病程以及抽动严重度对智力发育无明显影响。     

广州市海珠区3～7岁儿童智力发育水平研究

目的了解广州市海珠区3-7岁儿童智力发育水平,为儿童保健工作提供科学理论依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,在广州市海珠区10间托幼机构随机抽取357名3-7岁儿童,采用《中国韦克斯勒儿童智力量表(C-WISC、6岁以上用)》和《中国韦克斯勒幼儿智力量表(C-WISCI、6岁以下用)》测定智商。并用t检验、方差分析等统计学分析。结果5名儿童未能完成测试,其余352名儿童的平均总智商为100.92±11.132,处于边界以下和超常以上的分别占3.1%和3.4%。言语智商和操作智商也体现出与总智商相似的特点。受试儿童言语智商明显低于操作智商。结论我们在今后的妇幼保健和儿童教育过程中要注意通过一定的形式加强对儿童言语能力的培养,促进儿童智力的平衡发展。     

男性Tourette综合征患儿智力的影响因素

目的 探讨Tourette综合征(TS)患儿智力结构的特征及其影响因素.方法 符合DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准的26名TS男性患儿与26名正常对照儿童,采用中国韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WISC)进行智力测试,并用耶鲁综合抽动严重度量表对TS患儿进行抽动严重度的评定.结果 TS组言语智商[(97.00±12.34)分]、操作智商[(93.46±13.65)分]及总智商[(94.85±11.80)分]均低于对照组[分别为(110.81±11.38)分;(102.81±10.69)分;(107.85±9.32)分],差异有显著性(P＜0.01);TS组知识、分类、算术、数字广度及图片排列分测验值均低于对照组(P＜0.05).TS患儿的病程以及抽动严重度与智商无明显相关性.结论 TS儿童的智商低于正常儿童,且智力结构存在损伤.TS患儿的病程以及抽动严重度对智力发育无明显影响.     

注意缺陷多动障碍儿童智力结构分析

目的探讨注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童智力结构特征。方法采用中国-韦氏儿童智力量表（C-WISC）对152例ADHD患儿与80例正常儿童进行智力测评,比较两组C-WISC的分测验量表分、智商及因子智商。结果 ADHD儿童除词汇分测验之外,各分测验量表分、言语智商、操作智商、总智商及各因子智商均低于正常对照组,ADHD儿童操作智商低于言语智商（均P〈0.01）。结论 ADHD儿童智商处于正常水平或边缘状态,智力发展不平衡,注意和记忆能力缺陷明显。     

儿童OSAHS血浆腺苷水平及认知障碍的研究

目的 观察儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)智力测定结果,探讨OSAHS儿童血浆腺苷(adenosine)水平变化及在认知功能损害中的可能作用.方法 儿童OSAHS患者37例,健康对照组儿童20例,采用中国-韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WYCSI)进行智力评估,用反相高效液相色谱-紫外检测法测定血浆腺苷水平.结果 儿童OSAHS组言语智商及操作智商较正常对照组低(F=13.779,P＜0.01;F=13.963,P＜0.01),轻度OSAHS组与中重度OSAHS组言语智商及操作智商无明显差异(P＞0.05).中重度OSAHS组血浆腺苷水平明显升高(41.9±7.7 μg/L),与轻度OSAHS组与健康对照组比较有统计学意义(F=4.165,P＜0.01).结论 儿童OSAHS患者言语智商及操作智商偏低,而其斑浆腺苷水平升高,提示可能是OSAHS 儿童发生认知功能障碍的重要机制.     

学习不良儿童的家庭背景和智力结构分析

目的 :探讨家庭背景和智力结构对儿童学业成绩的影响。方法 :采用《中国修订韦氏儿童智力量表手册》(C—WISC)评定智商。并采用自拟问卷调查儿童的家庭背景。结果 :学习不良组儿童智商和分测验分数均明显低于正常组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,其中操作智商 (PIQ)又明显低于言语智商 (VIQ)。学习不良儿童的智力结构不平衡 ,言语理解能力和知觉组织能力较差。家庭背景也影响儿童的学习成绩。结论 :儿童智力结构、家庭背景因素相互作用共同影响儿童的学业成绩     

Tourette 综合征患者智力和记忆水平研究

目的 测试抽动一秽语综合征(TS)患者的智力水平及记忆问题。方法 采用韦氏儿童智力量表(CWISC)和韦氏记忆量表(WMSC-RC)测试64例患儿和64例正常少儿。结果 TS患者的智商多在正常范围或边缘水平，除词汇和知识外，其余各分测验及操作智商(PIQ)、言语智商(WIQ)、总智商(FIQ)均显著低于对照组(P＜0．05)，PIQ与VIQ之间的平衡性较差，记忆商(MQ)和某些分测验量表分(经历定向，100→1，积累、再生、联想、背数)平均值低于对照组差异显著(P＜0．05-0．01)。结论 TS患者的智商较正常少儿平均水平低，且智力发展不平衡者较多；TS影响患者的记忆能力，主要表现在相对复杂的记忆功能方面，而简单记忆功能不受影响。     

学习困难儿童智力结构分析

目的：了解学习困难儿童的智力结构水平。方法：对171名年龄6-13岁的学习困难儿童及123名正常儿童进行了韦氏儿童智力量表（C-WISC）测量。结果：学习困难儿童总智商得分及各分测验得分均低于正常组儿童（氏0．01），学习困难组言语智商（VIQ）得分低于操作智商（PIQ）。结论：智力是影响学习困难儿童学分的主要因素。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.