泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管治疗慢性泪囊炎合并泪道狭窄

目的：探讨泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管在慢性泪囊炎合并泪道狭窄病例的临床疗效。方法：对41例41眼慢性泪囊炎合并泪道狭窄的患者,在施行外路泪囊鼻腔手术中同时行泪道探通,留置新型泪道引流管3～6mo,在取管后3mo随访,观察术眼流泪、溢脓及泪道通畅情况。结果：术后3～6mo取管,冲洗泪道通畅率100%;取管后3mo复查,38例（93%,38/41）冲洗泪道通畅。冲洗不通3例（7%,3/41）。除8例（20%）下泪小点有轻微撕裂伤外,无其他并发症。结论：泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管治疗慢性泪囊炎合并泪道狭窄,效果明显,所需手术设备简单、直视下操作、手术难度小,是一种适合基层医院使用的较好方法。     

改良式泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管治疗慢性泪囊炎及合并症

目的：探讨改良式泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管治疗慢性泪囊炎合并泪管狭窄或阻塞的临床疗效。 方法：回顾性分析2010-07/2011-09在我院行改良式泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管治疗56例慢性泪囊炎合并泪管狭窄或阻塞患者。 结果：术后3 mo拔管后行泪道冲洗全部通畅,随访2 a后有效率达95%。 结论：改良式泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管治疗慢性泪囊炎合并下泪管狭窄或阻塞手术操作简便,成功率高。     

改良式外路泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管治疗泪囊黏液囊肿

目的:探讨改良的外路泪囊鼻腔吻合术式联合泪道置管治疗泪囊黏液囊肿的临床疗效.方法:对23例(23眼)泪囊黏液囊肿行改良式泪囊鼻腔吻合术,并联合泪道置管,术后行泪道冲洗,并观察泪溢情况.结果:23例患者,1例术中改为泪囊摘除术,20例完成12个月的追踪观察治疗,1例术后6个月失访,1例12个月时失访.随访1个月,22例患者术后泪囊囊肿均消失,外观明显改善;随访12个月,20例患者中18例溢泪症状完全消失,所有患者泪道冲洗通畅,仅1例患者因泪溢症状对手术疗效不满意.结论:改良式外路泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管治疗泪囊黏液囊肿,具有良好的临床效果,值得推广.     

泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管在慢性泪囊炎合并泪管阻塞中的应用

目的:探讨泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合硬膜外麻醉导管泪道置管治疗慢性泪囊炎合并泪管阻塞的临床疗效。方法:采用泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合硬膜外麻醉导管经下泪小点、下泪小管、泪总管及吻合口、中鼻道的泪道置管方法治疗慢性泪囊炎合并泪管阻塞54例54眼。结果:拔管后行泪道冲洗全部通畅,总有效率100%,1a后总有效率96%。结论:泪囊鼻腔吻合术联合泪道置管治疗慢性泪囊炎合并泪管阻塞,手术操作简便,手术成功率高,容易掌握和推广。     

改良外路泪囊鼻腔吻合术94例的临床疗效观察

目的：观察改良外路泪囊鼻腔吻合术疗效。 方法：回顾性分析我院2010-10/2013-12单侧慢性泪囊炎患者94例,行外路泪囊鼻腔吻合术,手术方法在传统术式上进行以下改良：（1）麻醉后填塞鼻腔,减轻疼痛和出血;（2）手术中不切断内眦韧带;（3）只缝合鼻黏膜上瓣;（4）置管;（5）皮肤分层美容缝合。术后随访3mo ~2a,观察疗效。 结果：患者94例94眼,术后93例93眼溢泪、溢脓症状完全消失,泪道冲洗通畅,有效率99%;无效1例1眼（1%）溢泪,泪道冲洗不通畅。 结论：改良外路泪囊鼻腔吻合术操作简单、治愈率高、远期疗效确切,是治疗慢性泪囊炎的有效手术方法。     

泪囊鼻腔吻合联合泪道内窥镜下泪小管置管治疗泪囊囊肿

目的探讨泪囊鼻腔吻合联合泪道内窥镜下泪小管置管术治疗泪囊囊肿的效果。方法泪囊囊肿16例（16眼）在局麻下行泪囊鼻腔吻合术的同时应用泪道内窥镜系统对泪小管泪总管进行检查,针对阻塞部位进行激光或电钻治疗后,逆行植入环形泪小管内硅胶管。1周拔除引流管,拆除皮肤缝线。3~6个月拔除泪小管内硅胶管。术后随访6个月~2 a,观察术后囊肿治愈率,泪道冲洗通畅情况及泪溢症状是否改善。结果泪囊囊肿全部消失,有效率100%。泪道冲洗通畅14例占87.5%,2例有部分回流占12.5%。以上患者溢泪症状基本消失。结论泪囊鼻腔吻合联合泪道内窥镜下泪小管置管术治疗泪囊囊肿的疗效显著。     

鼻内镜下经鼻泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗复发性泪囊炎的临床效果

目的评价鼻内镜下经鼻泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗复发性泪囊炎的临床效果。方法回顾性病例系列研究。选取徐州医科大学附属徐州市立医院2018年1月至2022年6月住院行鼻内镜下经鼻泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗的复发性泪囊炎31例(31眼)的临床资料, 其中泪道置管术后管留置复发者9例, 外路泪囊鼻腔吻合术后复发者12例, 鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术后复发者10例。术后随访3个月至1年, 分析患者复发原因, 观察吻合口是否开放、泪道冲洗结果及术后症状改善情况。结果泪道置管术后复发者复发原因为泪囊黏膜增生肥厚导致泪囊腔变小, 影响泪液引流;泪囊鼻腔吻合术后复发者复发原因有:骨窗制作不适19例(86.36%)、吻合口与鼻腔粘连者4例(18.18%)、泪囊黏膜误与鼻窦黏膜吻合者1例(4.54%)。31例均行经鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术, 29例吻合口开放, 冲洗泪道通畅, 溢泪、溢脓症状消失, 均治愈, 2例有轻微溢泪, 吻合口开放, 泪道冲洗通畅, 溢脓症状消失, 均好转, 治愈率93.55%, 有效率100.00%。结论鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗复发性泪囊炎损伤小, 疗效确切, 手术成功率高。     

高频泪道浚通术联合泪道置管治疗泪囊鼻腔吻合术后早期复发

目的 观察高频泪道浚通术联合泪道置管治疗泪囊鼻腔吻合术后早期复发的疗效.方法 对21例泪囊鼻腔吻合术后6个月以内复发者行高频泪道浚通术联合泪道置管术,术后随访6～12月.结果 14例溢泪消失,占66.7％;5例流泪减轻,泪道冲洗基本通畅,占23.8％;2例无改善,占9.5％.结论 高频泪道浚通术联合泪道置管治疗泪囊鼻腔吻合术后早期复发,手术创伤小,成功率高,取得了良好的疗效,是治疗泪囊鼻腔吻合术后早期复发的一种有效的方法.     

应用泪道内窥镜治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床观察

目的: 探讨泪道内窥镜下泪道微钻疏通治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床疗效。方法: 对60例64眼慢性泪囊炎患者进行泪道内窥镜检查及治疗,并联合全泪道置管,拔管后随诊3～6mo,观察疗效。结果: 64眼中45眼治愈,无溢泪,泪道冲洗通畅;13眼好转,轻微溢泪,泪道冲洗通而不畅;6眼无效,仍流泪,泪道冲洗不通。总的有效率90.6%。结论: 应用泪道内窥镜系统能在直视下对鼻泪管阻塞的情况进行诊断,并有针对性地进行治疗,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

泪道逆行置管治疗慢性泪囊炎临床观察

目的：评价泪道逆行置管术治疗慢性泪囊炎的有效性、安全性。 方法：选取2009-12/2011-12来本院就诊的慢性泪囊炎患者42例42眼,在局部麻醉下将泪道再通管逆行置入鼻泪管内,术后3~6mo拔管,拔管后随访6mo,观察其有效性及并发症发生情况。 结果：所有42例患者均顺利置入泪道再通管,常规3~6mo拔管。42例患者中40例患者拔管时泪道冲洗通畅。拔管后6mo有效率88%,发生并发症3例。 结论：泪道逆行置管治疗慢性泪囊炎操作简单,适用范围广,有较好的有效性及安全性,值得推广。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.