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慢性肾功能衰竭继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的治疗进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT)是慢性肾脏疾病的常见并发症之一,它是影响慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)透析患者生活质量及其存活期的重要因素之一。它不仅影响骨和关节系统,且对心血管系统、中枢神经系统、血液系统等造成不可逆损害。而早期进行临床干预治疗可以预防或延缓甲状旁腺功能亢进。现就其发病机制、治疗进展做一综述。 相似文献
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维持性血液透析患者随着透析时间的延长,其并发症逐渐增多,其中最严重的并发症之一就是继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT),它主要影响骨和关节系统,并且对心血管系统、中枢神经系统、血液系统等造成不可逆损害,增加患者病死率。因此,积极地临床干预治疗,不但可以改善继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进导致的各种影响生活质量的症状,而且可以降低死亡率。 相似文献
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慢性肾疾病继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的治疗现状及研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进是慢性肾脏疾病中最常见的并发症之一,临床上常表现为各种骨病和钙磷代谢紊乱,如骨质疏松、骨折、顽固性皮肤搔痒、心血管钙化等等,严重影响患者的生存质量。现就目前临床上在治疗中存在的问题和近期的研究新进展进行讨论。 相似文献
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近年来 ,慢性肾功能不全所致继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(简称甲旁亢 ,hyperparathyroidism ,HPT)的治疗取得了很大进展。甲旁亢引起的骨痛、骨折等一系列症状均能得到很好预防与控制 ,现综述目前HPT主要治疗方法 ,重点介绍有关治疗进展。1 控制高磷血症高磷血症的防治对HPT的治疗是非常重要的。近年研究表明单纯高磷血症即能直接刺激甲状旁腺激素 (parathyroidhormone ,PTH)的合成 ,因此高磷血症是尿毒症患者发生HPT的重要因素。高磷血症的治疗目标是使血磷控制在透析前水平 ,即 1 3~ 1… 相似文献
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继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT)是慢性肾脏病尤其是透析患者的常见并发症,可增加患者的心血管事件与死亡发生率.目前SHPT的主要治疗药物为维生素D及其类似物.但部分患者对药物治疗抵抗,或因钙磷控制欠佳难以接受药物治疗,应考虑予以介入治疗和手术切除等方法.本文就近年来SHPT的介入和手术治疗最新进展进行综述. 相似文献
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正继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(secondary hyperparathyroidism,SHPT)是指由低血钙、低血镁或高血磷长期刺激引起甲状旁腺增生肥大,甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone,PTH)过度分泌及钙磷代谢紊乱的临床综合征,临床表现为骨痛、病理性骨折、皮肤瘙痒等~([1])。SHPT属于慢性肾脏病(CKD)矿物质和骨代谢异常的研究范畴,它是维持性血液透析患者 相似文献
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目的:探讨继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者围手术期的护理方式和效果.方法:选取2020年9月至2021年9月于我院行手术治疗的20例继发性甲状旁腺功能性亢进患者为观察组,采用优质围手术期护理模式;另选取20例采用常规围手术期护理的既往病例为对照组.对比2组患者接受护理后其并发症发生率与满意度情况.结果:观察组的并发症发生率低... 相似文献
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目的 探讨纳米碳甲状旁腺淋巴负显影技术在慢性肾脏病(CKD)继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(SHPT)患者手术中的应用价值.方法 选择2014年6月至2015年12月该中心收治的CKD 5期SHPT患者20例,利用纳米碳混悬液局部注射结合术前甲状旁腺B超、颈部增强CT及99Tcm-甲氧异晴双时相扫描(MIBI)甲状旁腺核素显像定位诊断和术中血清全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)快速测定,行甲状旁腺切除术(PTX)及自体前臂移植术.结果 纳米碳悬注射液后甲状腺及淋巴结迅速黑染,而目标甲状旁腺则不显色、呈肉色或淡黄色,术中视野清楚,快速剥离甲状旁腺,手术损伤小;术后血钙、血磷、血iPTH明显下降,随访至术后6个月,术前术后血钙、血磷、血碱性磷酸酶、血iPTH水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后患者骨痛、肌痛、皮肤瘙瘁症状明显缓解,随访时间内20例患者无复发及癌变.结论 纳米碳混悬液示踪剂在CKD 5期SHPT患者行PTX中能够对甲状旁腺做到实时、精准的切除,可于临床推广应用. 相似文献
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血液透析对慢性肾衰继发甲状旁腺功能亢进的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探讨血液透析 (HD)对慢性肾功衰竭 (CRF)病人钙磷代谢紊乱及继发甲状旁腺功能亢进 (SHPT)的作用。方法 检测了 2 7例非透析CRF病人及 1 8例维持性血液透析 (MHD)病人血清甲状旁腺素 (iPTH)、钙、磷水平 ,并进行了比较。结果 MHD的CRF病人与非透析的CRF病人比较 ,血清钙、磷、iPTH水平无显著差异 (P分别>0 .0 5、0 .1、0 .1 )。结论 HD不能改善钙磷代谢紊乱及SHPT。 相似文献
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目的:了解慢性肾功能衰竭继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(简称慢性肾衰继发性甲旁亢)患者对红细胞生成素(EPO)疗效的影响。方法:选择慢性肾衰继发性甲旁亢患者40例,随机分成2组。Ⅰ组口服1,25二羟胆骨化醇1.75μg/周-4μg/周,同时给予EP3000u皮下注射,2次/周。Ⅱ组单用EPO3000u皮下注射,2次/周,均观察10周,结果:Ⅰ组患者治疗后血甲状旁腺激素、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、血磷、血钙与治疗前相比,差异显著(P<0.01)。Ⅱ组各项指标治疗后与治疗前相比,差异不显著。结论:大剂量1,25-二羟胆骨化醇治疗慢性肾衰继发性甲旁亢十分有效,慢性肾衰患者状旁腺激素继发性升高是EPO治疗拮抗的一个重要原因。使用EPO治疗肾性贫血前,应常规进行甲状旁腺检查,并对甲旁亢予以纠正,以提高EPO治疗效果。 相似文献
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三叉神经痛手术治疗——附174例报告 总被引:18,自引:3,他引:18
目的:为提高三叉神经痛手术治疗效果,减少术后复发率,方法:对174例原发性三叉神经痛采用口腔内手术径路,行三叉神经高位切断术+神经周围分支切除术,结果:控痛率100%,术后复发4例(2.3%)无严重并发症,结论:三叉神经高位切断术口内之径路,方法新,创伤小,恢复快,效果好,神经切断,高位比低位好,多支比单支好,切断+部分切除比单纯切断好。 相似文献
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目的继发性甲旁亢是慢性肾功能不全患者重要的并发症之一。本研究的目的是检测非透析的慢性肾脏病患者血清全段甲状旁腺素(intact parathyroid hormone,iPTH)水平,为改善继发性甲旁亢防治提供依据。方法收集2007年3月~2008年2月共1年间在我院肾内科住院的非透析CKD3期以上患者的临床资料,血钙、血磷和iPTH值,共347例。计算不同CKD分期iPTH的达标情况。结果血清iPTH在不同CKD分期患者之间有明显差异,尤其是CKD5期患者升高明显。同时在CKD5期患者中血钙降低明显,血磷升高明显。在不同CKD分期患者中iPTH超标的比例分别是63.6%(CKD 3期),52%(CKD 4期)和48%(CKD 5期)。其中27.6%CKD5期患者血清钙磷乘积超标(〉55 mg2/dl2)。结论 CKD 3~5期患者血清iPTH水平升高明显,尤其是CKD 5期患者伴有较高的低血钙和高血磷发生率。需要更加对对患者iPTH的检测和治疗予以足够重视。 相似文献
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原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的诊断与手术治疗 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的总结原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的外科诊断与治疗经验。方法回顾性分析2000~2005年在该科行外科手术治疗的60例原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症患者的临床资料。全组病例均行甲状旁腺切除术。结果60例患者中,联合B超、CT、核素扫描手术前定位诊断率达到90%以上。手术后患者临床症状缓解,骨质疏松改善,骨折愈合,有39例患者出现短期低血钙,35例出现面部、手足麻木,12例出现手足抽搐。术后有15例患者血钙正常,1例略高于正常值,低血钙者经骨化三醇和钙剂治疗1~3周均可改善,血钙恢复正常。术后49例患者甲状旁腺激素均在2个月内恢复到正常,2例略高于正常值。结论甲状旁腺切除术是治疗原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的有效方法。经术前影像学定位后行小范围、小创伤的甲状旁腺切除术是可行的手术方法。及时将原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症患者转入内分泌外科治疗可达到早期治疗、减少骨关节和泌尿系损害的目的。 相似文献
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继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(secondary hyperparathyroidism,SHPT)是以甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone,PTH)分泌增加为特征的慢性肾脏病患者最常见的严重并发症之一。多项研究证实,PTH mRNA相关结合蛋白和miRNAs参与靶基因PTH转录后调控机制,调节PTH mRNA的稳定性和水平,对SHPT中高PTH表达起重要作用。转录后调控机制可能作为指导SHPT诊治的潜在临床应用价值亟待进一步探索。本文将就SHPT的PTH基因转录后调控机制研究进展展开综述。 相似文献
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Background We require a stable model to understand the molecular mechanism by which isolated hyperphosphatemia induces hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure. The present study established a rat model of hyperphosphatemia-induced secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure.
Methods Twenty-nine rats with 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) were divided into three groups and were fed for 10 weeks on a high phosphate diet (1.2% phosphate) starting from three different post-Nx time points. Parathyroid hormone mRNA in parathyroid gland was measured by real-time PCR and parathyroid cell hyperplasia was tested by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) assay.
Results The 10 rats fed a high phosphate diet starting from the fourth week post-Nx had isolated hyperphosphatemia and excess synthesis/secretion of parathyroid hormone, and hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands were induced (r=0.86-0.97, P 〈0.001), but the levels of serum calcium and 1,25(OH)2D3 did not change. Conclusion A rat model of hyperphosphatemia-induced secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure was established by 5/6 Nx and 10 weeks-high phosphate diet starting from the fourth week post-Nx. 相似文献
Methods Twenty-nine rats with 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) were divided into three groups and were fed for 10 weeks on a high phosphate diet (1.2% phosphate) starting from three different post-Nx time points. Parathyroid hormone mRNA in parathyroid gland was measured by real-time PCR and parathyroid cell hyperplasia was tested by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) assay.
Results The 10 rats fed a high phosphate diet starting from the fourth week post-Nx had isolated hyperphosphatemia and excess synthesis/secretion of parathyroid hormone, and hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands were induced (r=0.86-0.97, P 〈0.001), but the levels of serum calcium and 1,25(OH)2D3 did not change. Conclusion A rat model of hyperphosphatemia-induced secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure was established by 5/6 Nx and 10 weeks-high phosphate diet starting from the fourth week post-Nx. 相似文献
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Total parathyroidectomy combined with partial auto- transplantation for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zou Q Wang HY Zhou J Lao ZY Xue J Li MX Li HM Jin YT Gu Y Zhang YL 《中华医学杂志(英文版)》2007,120(20):1777-1782
Background Drug treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism caused by chronic renal failure may be available at the early stage of the disease, but it is not as effective for serious patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of total parathyroidectomy combined with forearm autotransplantation in the uremic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Methods From September 1999 through September 2006, parathroidectomy and autotransplantaUon was performed in 20 patients. The coherence between the results of preoperative parathyroid ultrasonography and surgical exploration were compared. The serum calcium concentration and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were monitored preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively.
Results A total of 71 hyperplastic parathyroid glands were resected in the 20 patients. The accordance rate of parathyroid localization between B-ultrasonography and intraoperaUve exploration was 94.4%. The average iPTH value was (110.90±67.42) ng/L, (433.80±243.72) ng/L, (48.80±42.69) ng/L, (229.04±172.68) ng/L and (232.39±224.05) ng/L at day 1, 2, 3, 7, 30 after operation respectively. The clinical symptoms were ameliorated and the levels of serum calcium concentration were controlled within the normal range after operation. Recurrent secondary hyperparathyroidism had happened in 1 case, 4 years postoperatively because of the development of autograft hyperplasia, and in another case 2 years postoperatively due to remnant of neck parathyroid glands. The clinical symptoms were all alleviated after re-operation. No surgical complication had occurred in any of the patients.
Conclusions The total parathyroidectomy with forearm autotransplantation is feasible, safe, and effective for patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism in the short term. The long-term effects should be further investigated. 相似文献