玻璃体切除联合超声乳化术治疗脱位晶状体疗效分析

目的 探讨玻璃体切除联合超声乳化粉碎术治疗脱位晶状体的临床疗效.方法 对晶状体脱位46例(46只眼).其中晶状体不全脱位28只眼中单纯超声乳化12只眼,前玻璃体切除联合超声乳化5只眼,前玻璃体切除11只眼,均植入人工晶体;晶状体全脱位18只眼均采用标准三通道经睫状体扃平部玻璃体切除联合超声乳化粉碎术,人工晶体睫状沟固定术12只眼.结果 全部病例术后视力均较术前提高,未发生严重并发症.结论 对脱位的晶状体根据程度选择单纯超声乳化或玻璃体切除超声乳化粉碎、人工晶体睫状沟固定术,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法.     

先天性晶状体脱位31例的手术治疗观察

目的：通过对先天性晶状体脱位行手术治疗的患者进行临床分析及手术方式选择、手术后效果分析,探讨先天性晶状体脱位患者的手术方式的选择及术中术后并发症的防治。
　　方法：回顾性分析我院自2010-01-01/2015-01-01的5 a间先天性晶状体脱位行手术治疗的患者共31例57眼,进行临床分析及手术方式选择、手术后效果、并发症分析。
　　结果：先天性晶状体脱位临床最常见的类型为单纯性晶状体半脱位和Marfan综合征晶状体半脱位。57眼中1眼为Marchesani综合征继发性青光眼导致视神经萎缩,术后视力无改善,其余56眼(98%)术后视力均较术前有不同程度提高。手术方式：晶状体超声乳化摘除+人工晶状体植入术3眼(5%);晶状体超声乳化摘除+囊袋张力环植入+人工晶状体植入术8眼(14%),其中1眼行囊袋张力环巩膜缝合固定;经角膜切口晶状体切除联合前部玻璃体切除+人工晶状体缝线固定术39眼(68%),其中2眼联合小梁切除术,未植入人工晶状体;晶状体囊内摘除联合前部玻璃体切除+人工晶状体缝线固定术5眼(9%);经睫状体平坦部切口晶状体切除联合玻璃体切除术+硅油注入术2眼(4%)。
　　结论：先天性晶状体脱位经过手术治疗大多数患者均可取得较为满意的术后效果。对于晶状体半脱位范围<90°者,可单纯行晶状体超声乳化摘除+人工晶状体植入术;晶状体半脱位范围90°~180°者,行晶状体超声乳化摘除+囊袋张力环植入+人工晶状体植入术;晶状体半脱位范围>180°者,经角膜切口晶状体切除联合前部玻璃体切除+人工晶状体缝线固定术,术后效果优于晶状体囊内摘除联合前部玻璃体切除+人工晶状体缝线固定术;根据患者晶状体脱位程度,尽量选择切口较小的微创的手术方式是手术取得成功的关键。     

外伤性晶状体脱位手术治疗方式的探讨

目的：分析不同手术方法治疗外伤性晶状体脱位的疗效。

方法：回顾分析2011-10/2012-09收治的眼外伤致晶状体脱位患者39 例的临床资料。所有患者根据其晶状体脱位的部位和程度的不同,采用不同的手术方式：晶状体囊内摘除、超声乳化吸除、经睫状体平坦部切口晶状体切除,同时视不同的病情联合相应的手术方式如：玻璃体视网膜手术、抗青光眼手术。

结果：所有患眼均成功去除晶状体,术后视力提高32眼(82%),未见明显并发症。

结论：外伤性晶状体脱位的手术方法根据脱位晶状体位置、程度及有无并发症而定,玻璃体切除及晶状体切除或晶状体摘出是晶状体脱位有效的治疗方法,合理的选择手术方式或联合手术是获得手术成功的关键。     

玻璃体切割联合超声乳化及人工晶状体悬吊术治疗晶状体脱位

目的探讨玻璃体切割联合超声乳化及人工晶状体悬吊术治疗晶状体脱位的临床疗效。方法选取晶状体脱入玻璃体内的患者30例(30眼),其中眼球钝挫伤引起的晶状体全脱位25眼,针拨白内障术后晶状体全脱位2眼,白内障摘出术中晶状体核脱入玻璃体内3眼。根据脱入玻璃体内的晶状体核硬度不同采用不同的手术方法,行玻璃体切割联合晶状体切除及人工晶状体悬吊植入术,必要时行硅油填充。术后随访0.5～1a,观察视力、眼压及并发症等情况。结果本组患者行玻璃体切割联合晶状体切除及人工晶状体悬吊植入术19例(19眼);玻璃体切割联合超声乳化及人工晶状体悬吊植入术10例(10眼);玻璃体切割联合超声乳化及硅油充填术1例(1眼)。术后视力:0.1～0.3者16眼,0.3～0.5者9眼,0.5以上者5眼;术后继发青光眼3眼,经降眼压治疗后恢复正常范围。术后随访期间未发现视网膜脱离、玻璃体积血、人工晶状体偏位等并发症。结论玻璃体切割联合超声乳化及人工晶状体悬吊植入术治疗晶状体脱位是一种安全、有效的方法。     

微切口超声乳化术联合硅油取出术治疗玻切术后硅油填充眼合并白内障

目的：观察玻璃体切割术后硅油填充眼行微切口白内障超声乳化联合睫状体平坦部硅油取出术的临床疗效。 方法：2013-02/11对43例43眼玻璃体切割术后硅油填充眼合并白内障患者行微切口白内障超声乳化联合睫状体平坦部硅油取出术,术中均Ⅰ期植入人工晶状体,观察患者术后3 mo最佳矫正视力和手术并发症发生情况等。结果：术后3mo,最佳矫正视力较术前提高者共39例（91%）,最高矫正视力达0.6,视力无提高者4例（9%）。所有患者均未发生后囊膜破裂、硅油残留、角膜内皮失代偿、前房积血、玻璃体积血、人工晶状体移位、继发性青光眼、锯齿缘离断等并发症。 结论：微切口超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合睫状体平坦部硅油取出术是一种有效、安全的手术方式。     

外伤性晶状体脱位的联合手术治疗

目的：评价晶状体、玻璃体联合手术治疗外伤性晶状体脱位或半脱位的临床疗效。方法：对1993年10月－2000年5月连续收治的外伤性晶状体脱位或半脱位36例作回顾性研究。所有患眼根据病情均采用不同的术式去除脱位晶状体,包括角巩缘切口圈套娩出、睫状体扁平部切口行晶状体切除或超声晶状体粉碎,同时切割玻璃体,并应用小梁切除、阀门管植入术、玻璃体视网膜手术联合治疗因晶状体脱位引起的并发症,17例I期植入前房或后房型人工晶状体。结果：所有患眼成功的去除晶状体,91．7％患眼视力有不同程度提高,52．3％患眼视力≥0．3,继发青光眼患者术后眼压获得控制,6例视网膜脱离全部复位。结论：各种手术方法联合应用治疗外伤性晶状体脱位及其所致并发症,视力增进效果明显。阀门管植入术是治疗严重眼外伤顽固性青光眼的有效手术方法。     

外伤性晶状体脱位的手术治疗

目的 评价晶状体、玻璃体联合手术治疗外伤性晶状体脱位的临床疗效。方法 对2000年1月～2005年1月收治的外伤性晶状体脱位30例患者的临床资料作回顾性研究。所有患眼根据晶状体脱位的程度采用不同的术式摘除晶状体，包括囊内摘除、超声乳化吸除、睫状体扁平部切口晶状体切割，同时根据病情需要联合玻璃体视网膜手术，小梁切除或青光眼减压阀门植入术治疗继发性青光眼，Ⅰ期植入睫状沟缝线固定人工晶体3例，后房型人工晶体21例，Ⅱ期植入睫状沟缝线固定人工晶体6例。结果 所有患眼成功地摘除脱位晶状体并植入人工晶体，视力有不同程度提高，24患眼视力≥0．3，患者术后眼压获得控制，6例视网膜脱离全部复位。结论 晶状体、玻璃体联合手术治疗外伤性晶状体脱位，临床效果好。     

外伤性晶状体脱位手术治疗105例回顾性分析

目的：：分析不同类型、部位外伤性晶状体脱位的不同手术方法及预后。方法：回顾性分析我院2004-04/06间住院治疗的外伤性晶状体脱位患者105例105眼的临床资料。根据晶状体脱位的部位和类型不同,采用不同的手术方式：晶状体囊内摘除、超声乳化吸除、经睫状体平坦部切口玻璃体及脱位晶状体切除,同时根据不同的病情联合相应的手术方式如：玻璃体视网膜手术、抗青光眼手术。配对样本t检验比较术前及术后LogMAR视力。记录术中及术后并发症如脉络膜上腔驱逐性出血及复发性视网膜脱离的发生及处理。结果：所有患者均成功摘除脱位晶状体,术后视力与术前相比提高91眼(86.7%),视力达到0.1~0.3者42眼(40.0%),并有1眼晶状体半脱位患者术后视力达到了0.8以上。术中及术后发生脉络膜上腔出血各1眼,术后复发视网膜脱离2眼。结论：根据患者晶状体脱位的程度和部位不同,合理地选择手术方式或联合手术是治疗外伤性晶状体脱位的关键。脉络膜上腔驱逐性出血是外伤性白内障术中及术后最严重的并发性之一,需要恰当的处理及预防。     

超声乳化吸除术治疗晶状体脱位白内障的临床观察

目的 探讨超声乳化吸附术治疗晶状体不全脱位白内障的疗效。方法 对18例（19只眼）晶状体不全脱位白内障患者行超声乳化白内障吸附联合人工晶状体植入术,其中2只眼联合玻璃体切除、视网膜复位术。结果 18只眼术后视力有不同程度提高,1只眼因术前黄斑挫伤,视力无改善。结论 采用超声乳化吸附术治疗晶状体不全脱位白内障患者,有效避免了其他手术方法并发症的发生,取得了良好疗效。     

青光眼滤过术后恶性青光眼合并睫状体脉络膜脱离

目的：探讨青光眼滤过术后恶性青光眼合并睫体脉和膜脱离的特点及治疗方法。方法：对10例12只青光眼小梁切除术后恶性青光眼合并睫状体脉络膜脱离的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果：4只眼经1－3次脉络膜上腔放液联合抽玻璃体水囊联合前房注气术后，3只眼压恢复正常，1只眼前房不恢复，改行前部玻璃体切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除及人工晶状体植入术。其余8只眼均一次行前 部玻璃体切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除及人工晶状体植入术，眼压控制正常，前房形成.结论：青光眼滤过术后恶性青光眼合并睫状体脉络膜脱离为难治并发症。脉络膜上腔放液联合抽玻璃体水囊治疗有效，前玻璃体切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除及人工晶状体植入术可提高一次手术成功率。     

玻璃体切割联合超声乳化治疗晶状体脱位

目的：探讨玻璃体切割联合玻璃体腔内超声乳化治疗脱入玻璃体腔内的晶状体的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性研究玻璃体切割联合高能量(80%～100%)、高负压(200～500mmHg)玻璃体腔内超声乳化治疗的23例晶状体脱位入玻璃体腔患者的资料,观察术前和术后的最佳矫正视力及并发症发生情况。

结果：脱位于玻璃体腔的晶状体23例均通过该方法顺利取出,无与手术有关的并发症发生。平均随访18mo。术前最佳矫正视力3.3～4.2,术后最佳矫正视力3.7～4.9,两者相比,差异有统计学意义(t=-11.244, P=0.000)。

结论：经睫状体平坦部玻璃体切割联合玻璃体腔内超声乳化治疗脱入玻璃体腔内的晶状体是一种有效、安全的方法。     

Multiple methods of surgical treatment combined with primary IOL implantation on traumatic lens subluxation/dislocation in patients with secondary glaucoma

METHODS:Non-comparative retrospective observational case series. Participants:30 cases (30 eyes) of lens subluxation/dislocation in patients with secondary glaucoma were investigated which accepted the surgical treatment by author in the Ophthalmology of Xi'an No.4 Hospital from 2007 to 2011. According to the different situations of lens subluxation/dislocation, various surgical procedures were performed such as crystalline lens phacoemulsification, crystalline lens phacoemulsification combined anterior vitrectomy, intracapsular cataract extraction combined anterior vitrectomy, lensectomy combined anterior vitrectomy though peripheral transparent cornea incision, pars plana lensectomy combined pars plana vitrectomy, and intravitreal cavity crystalline lens phacofragmentation combined pars plana vitrectomy. And whether to implement trabeculectomy depended on the different situations of secondary glaucoma. The posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC-IOLs) were implanted in the capsular-bag or trassclerally sutured in the sulus decided by whether the capsular were present. Main outcome measures:visual acuity, intraocular pressure, the situation of intraocular lens and complications after the operations.RESULTS: The follow-up time was 11-36mo (21.4±7.13). Postoperative visual acuity of all eyes were improved; 28 cases maintained IOP below 21 mm Hg; 2 cases had slightly IOL subluxation, 4 cases had slightly tilted lens optical area; 1 case had postoperative choroidal detachment; 4 cases had postoperative corneal edema more than 1wk, but eventually recovered transparent; 2 cases had mild postoperative vitreous hemorrhage, and absorbed 4wk later. There was no postoperative retinal detachment, IOL dislocation, and endophthalmitis.CONCLUSION:To take early treatment of traumatic lens subluxation/dislocation in patients with secondary glaucoma by individual surgical plan based on the different eye conditions would be safe and effective, which can effectively control the intraocular pressure and restore some vision.     

Management of dislocated lens fragments during phacoemulsification.

BACKGROUND: Dislocation of nuclear lens fragments during phacoemulsification can lead to a high incidence of glaucoma, uveitis, and poor visual acuity. The correct approach to these patients is uncertain. The authors report on eight patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with removal of lens fragments. METHODS: Charts of eight consecutive patients who developed dislocation of nuclear lens fragments into the vitreous cavity during phacoemulsification were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent a standard three-port pars plana vitrectomy with removal of the dislocated nuclear fragments by pars plana fragmentation. After the vitrectomy, the retina was inspected with indirect ophthalmoscopy. Tears were treated with cryopexy. A fluid-air exchange and scleral buckle were performed when indicated. RESULTS: Retinal tears were located at the vitreous base in four of eight patients. After vitrectomy, visual acuity improved in all patients, with 7 of 8 patients achieving visual acuity of 20/40 or better. The type of pseudophakia did not influence the final visual acuity. There were no cases of glaucoma, uveitis, or macular edema with up to 22 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that large nuclear fragments dislocated into the posterior segment during phacoemulsification can be removed safely with pars plana vitrectomy and lensectomy with an excellent visual prognosis. Attempts to remove lens fragments during the phacoemulsification through an anterior wound should be avoided because of excessive vitreous traction, leading to retinal break formation.     

25G玻璃体切割及超声乳化联合IOL巩膜层间固定术治疗晶状体全脱位

目的:观察25G玻璃体切割及超声乳化联合人工晶状体(IOL)巩膜层间固定术治疗晶状体全脱位的效果、安全性及并发症。方法:回顾性分析2018-05/2020-12晶状体完全脱位于玻璃腔、核硬度3级及以上、并接受25G玻璃体切割、超声乳化术联合人工晶状体巩膜层间固定术的患者20例20眼。观察患者裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、眼压、角膜内皮细胞计数、中央角膜厚度、并发症等。结果:手术后裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力均较治疗前提高(P<0.05)。手术后角膜中央部位角膜内皮细胞计数较术前减少,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后2wk中央角膜厚度与术前比较无差异(P>0.05)。患者中3眼出现低眼压,2眼出现眼压升高,但随访结束时均恢复正常。所有患者人工晶状体位置居中,未见明显偏心及倾斜。无玻璃体、视网膜并发症发生。结论:25G玻璃体切割、超声乳化联合人工晶状体巩膜层间固定术治疗晶状体全脱位是一种快捷、安全、简便的手术方法。     

玻璃体切割联合白内障超声乳化及IOL植入术中运用飞秒激光的临床研究

目的：分析玻璃体切割联合白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体(IOL)植入术中应用飞秒激光的临床价值。
　　方法：收集2013-10-31/2015-10-31在我院就诊需行玻璃体切割联合白内障超声乳化及 IOL 植入术的患者100例102眼,分为两组：常规手术组50例52眼和飞秒激光组50例50眼。比较两组患者总的手术时间、术后并发症(眼压升高、葡萄膜炎、玻璃体出血、视网膜脱离),比较术后6mo 的眼压、近视力、远视力、裸眼视力、矫正视力。
　　结果：两组患者总的手术时间有统计学差异(P<0.05),两组患者术后眼压升高、葡萄膜炎、玻璃体出血、视网膜脱离差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后6mo 眼压、近视力、远视力、裸眼视力、矫正视力比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
　　结论：飞秒激光辅助的玻璃体切割联合白内障超声乳化及 IOL 植入术同常规手术一样,有较高的安全性和疗效,且具有精确、高效等优点。     

Combined pars plana vitrectomy and cataract surgery: outcome of phacoemulsification versus manual extracapsular cataract extraction through a sclerocorneal tunnel.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of combined pars plana vitrectomy and cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation by phacoemulsification versus manual extracapsular cataract extraction through a sclerocorneal tunnel. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent combined pars plana vitrectomy with intraocular lens implantation and phacoemulsification or extracapsular cataract extraction through a sclerocorneal tunnel between March 1992 and July 2002. RESULTS: Fifty-four eyes of 51 patients were evaluated. Mean age was 69.68 +/- 9.11 years, and mean follow-up was 9 months. Phacoemulsification was performed in 35 cases (64%) and manual extraction in 19 cases (36%). Visual acuity improved from mean logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution 1.69 +/- 0.54 before surgery to 1.22 +/- 0.76 after surgery. There was a greater improvement of visual acuity in the phacoemulsification group (0.59 +/- 0.67) than in the extracapsular cataract extraction group (0.22 +/- 0.68) (P = .06). Final visual acuity was correlated to the vitreoretinal pathology. Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed well-positioned foldable or rigid intraocular lens in the bag or in the sulcus. CONCLUSION: Combined cataract extraction by phacoemulsification or extracapsular cataract extraction through sclerocorneal tunnel and pars plana vitrectomy are safe and effective procedures.     

Management of retained intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification surgery

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical features of eyes with retained intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification surgery and to assess the guidelines of management and the visual outcome after vitrectomy. METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive patients referred to our institute for retained intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification cataract surgery were evaluated retrospectively over a 7-year period. RESULTS: The clinical features of retained lens fragments included deceased visual acuity of 6/60 or worse (68%), uveitis (60%), glaucoma (48%), corneal edema (44%) and retinal detachment in 2 patients (8%). There were 24 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy; 1 patient was managed with medical therapy. After vitrectomy, 17 eyes (71%) showed visual improvement, and final visual acuity was 6/12 or better in 13 eyes (54%). The causes of poor final visual outcome of 6/60 or worse included retinal detachment and cystoid macular edema. The time interval between vitrectomy and phacoemulsification was within 4 weeks in 17 patients (71%), ranging from on the same day to 97 days. There was only a trend of better visual outcome in early vitrectomy patients (within 1 week). There was no statistical difference between the initial intraocular lens status and final visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Vitectomy with removal of retained intravitreal lens fragments is beneficial for patients with persistent uveitis and glaucoma after phacoemulsification. In the majority of patients, visual improvement was achieved after vitrectomy. However, poor visual outcome may occur secondary to retinal detachment and cystoid macular edema.     

玻璃体切除术后白内障放置后节眼内灌注行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术

目的:探讨玻璃体切除术后白内障在行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术时放置后节眼内灌注的临床效果。方法:对31例35眼玻璃体切除术后的白内障患者行超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术,手术时常规放置后节眼内灌注,观察术后视力、眼底状况及手术并发症。结果:35眼中,术后最佳矫正视力≥0.5者4眼,0.3～0.4者8眼,0.1～0.2者18眼,数指～0.1者5眼;并发症:角膜轻度水肿4例,玻璃体出血1眼,脉络膜脱离1眼,术后晶状体后囊混浊2眼。结论:玻璃体切除术后发生的白内障,在选择超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术的同时,放置后节眼内灌注是一种比较安全而有效的方法。