青岛市围绝经期妇女性激素及血脂血糖变化

目的了解青岛市围绝经期女性性激素、血糖及血脂变化特点。方法于青岛市各社区随机抽取40～65岁女性764例,每5岁分为1组,共5组,未绝经者于月经第2天、绝经者随机抽取空腹静脉血,测定血卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌激素(E2)、睾酮(T)、血糖(G)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、脂蛋白α水平。结果随年龄的增加,FSH、LH上升,60岁后下降,不同年龄组间比较差异均有显著性(F=66.883、32.743,P0.001);基础E2水平先渐上升后明显下降,除40～44岁组与45～49岁组间无明显差异外,其余组间比较差异均有显著性(F=14.794,P0.001);T有上升趋势,但各年龄组间比较差异无显著性(P0.05)。随年龄增长G、TG、TC、LDL和脂蛋白α明显上升,HDL下降,差异有显著性(F=3.337～16.370,P0.05)。G、TC、LDL、脂蛋白α与E2有相关关系(r=0.189～0.390,P0.001)。根据月经改变情况分为绝经前期组、绝经过渡期组及绝经后期组,各组间FSH、LH、E2、TC及LDL比较,差异有显著性(F=3.756～14.421,P0.05)。结论女性性激素、血糖、血脂随年龄的增加发生规律性的变化,E2下降的同时伴随FSH和LH的逐渐升高。绝经前后性激素及血糖血脂变化明显。     

子宫内膜异位症病人异位和在位内膜ER和PR的表达

目的检测雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）在子宫内膜异位症（EMS）病人异位内膜和在位内膜中的表达,探讨二者在EMS发生发展中的作用。方法采用免疫组织化学PV-9000法分别检测84例EMS病人的异位内膜和44例EMS病人的在位内膜组织中ER和PR的表达,以32例子宫肌瘤病人正常子宫内膜作对照。结果EMS异位内膜组织中ER、PR的表达及ER/PR比值明显低于正常内膜组织和EMS在位内膜组织,差异均有统计学意义（F=5.92～11.43,q=3.01～3.52,P〈0.05）;而EMS在位内膜组织ER、PR表达及ER/PR比值明显高于正常内膜组织,差异亦均有显著性（q=2.98～3.14,P〈0.05）。结论ER、PR在EMS异位内膜和在位内膜中的异常表达,可能与EMS的发生发展有关。     

血浆及乙状结肠粘膜中CCK,SS的含量与肠易激综合征的关系

采用放射免疫分析法检测24例正常人及26例肠易激综合征(IBS)患者血浆及乙状结肠粘膜中胆囊收缩素(CCK)和生长抑素(SS)的含量,探讨此两种激素在IBS中的可能作用及临床意义。结果:IBS组血浆中CCK、SS的含量明显升高(P<0.05);乙状结肠粘膜中CCK的含量两组无明显差别(P>0.2);SS的含量痛秘型IBS(腹痛便秘为主)显著高于痛泻型IBS(腹痛腹泻为主)(P<0.05),痛泻型IBS显著高于正常人(P<0.05)。结果提示CCK和SS在IBS的疾病过程中可能有一定作用,建议在临床实验诊断中验证它们作为IBS诊断标志的可能性。     

上海市老年人桡、尺骨骨矿含量分析和绝经对妇女骨矿含量的影响

应用单光子吸收技术调查分析了60岁以上男性578名、女性557名桡、尺骨骨矿含量与绝经对妇女骨矿含量的影响。结果表明60岁以上的骨矿含量较30～89岁明显降低,女性年丢失率为男性的2～8倍,随增龄女性骨矿低于男性的程度越益明显,绝经年限对骨矿含量有阴显影响。老年人骨矿丢失的特点为老年保健提出了新的课题。     

CHANGES IN AMINO-ACID NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND cAMP IN CEREBRAL-SPINAL FLUID FROM CHILDREN AND RABBITS WITH EPILEPSY AND CONVULSIONS

We studied the changes in concentratoin of five amino acids, which are neurotransmitters of their candidates, and CAMP in CSF from children with seizures, and from rabbits with seizures induced by intraventrkular injection of FeCI:}. 'We found more than one examined amino acids changed with the con vulsion behavior and abnormal EEG. We proposed a unified index (ANT) to demonstrate their complex action: ANT= Glutamic acid content in CSFxAspatic acid TaurinexGlycinexGABA Our results also showed that the content of cAMP in CSP reflected the activity level of CNS to some ex- tent.     

THE DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND EFFECTS OF BNP IN CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL TISSUES IN RATS

The present study first investigated the existence, distribution, biochemical characteristics and biological effects of immunoreactive brain natriuretic peptidc (ir-BNP), a novel natriuretic peptide, in central nervous system and some perpheral tissues in rats, Using the highly specific radioimmunoassay, we found that ir-BNP was .distributed in the hypothalamus, spinal cord, pituitary, atrium and lung, the highest content was in the atrium (2.86±0.31pmol/g tissue) and the lowest in the pituitary (0.01±0.002pmol pituitary), the concentration of plasma ir-BNP was 11.65pg/ml. Hypothalamus ir-BNP was mainly present in the nerve fibers of the lateral hypothalamus and the atrial ir-BNP mainly in the cardiocytes by immunohistochemical method. Two (high and low) molecular forms of ir-BNP were found in tissues by the gel filtration chromatography and HPLC, the ratio of the high molecular weight ir-BNP to the low molecular form was 1:1.2-2.7. The bioactivity of vasodilation effect of the low molecular form was     

胃良恶性病变组织及不同距离癌旁粘膜内癌胚抗原表达的研究

为了研究癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）表达与胃癌发生及癌细胞生物学行为的关系，作者采用ＡＢＣ免疫组织化学方法，检测了４１例胃癌及其不同距离癌旁粘膜和６７例胃良性病变组织的ＣＥＡ表达。结果表明：胃癌组织内 ＣＥＡ １００％表达阳性，癌旁 ２ ｃｍ及 ５ ｃｍ处粘膜、胃良性病变组织内 ＣＥＡ表达阳性者分别为４％、２６％和５６％。癌组织内 ＣＥＡ多以胞浆型和间质型分布为主，而良性病变多以腔缘型和膜型分布为主。ＣＥＡ表达的阳性程度与癌细胞生物学行为无关，而分布形式则与之有关。不同距离癌旁粘膜及胃良性病变组织内ＣＥＡ表达与细胞分化程度有关。但在癌变之前，ＣＥＡ尚保持着极性分布状态。作者认为：ＣＥＡ的表达状况与胃癌细胞发生及其生物学行为有关。     

某三甲医院儿童青少年精神障碍患者诊疗现状分析

目的 分析某三甲医院精神科儿童青少年精神障碍患者就诊情况、疾病构成及意义。方法 收集内蒙古呼和浩特市某三甲医院精神科2018年至2020年儿童青少年精神障碍住院患者病历资料,共353例,其中男性156例（44.2%）,女性197例（55.8%）,平均年龄15.96±2.11岁,平均住院日47.27±52.61日,以病案首页主要诊断按照WHO国际统一疾病分类法（ICD-10）作为疾病分类标准,采用SPSS22.0软件进行数据统计分析。结果 精神分裂症、抑郁发作、双相情感障碍、分离转换性障碍及精神发育迟滞是儿童青少年常见的精神障碍疾病。精神分裂症男性明显多于女性,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;急性而短暂的精神病性障碍仅见于男性,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;抑郁发作女性明显多于男性,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;不同年龄段精神障碍疾病占比有所不同,其中5-11岁9例（2.6%）,12-15岁111例（31.4%）,16-18岁233例（66.0%）,同时各年龄段所患疾病也有所差异。结论 不同性别、年龄段儿童青少年所患精神障碍疾病有所差异。同时儿童青少年精神障碍的发病率高,就诊率低,作为我区规模最大、专业性最强的精神专科病房,近3年儿童青少年精神障碍住院人数仅有353人次,其中以16-18岁的少年为主,学龄前及学龄儿童寥寥无几,儿童青少年精神障碍诊疗现状形式严峻,增加人群认知,早发现、早诊治,使儿童青少年精神障碍患者尽早回归社会。     

临沂市蔬菜水果中有机磷农药残留的检测及去除方法研究

目的了解临沂市蔬菜、水果中有机磷农药的残留情况,研究蔬菜、水果中农药残留的去除方法。方法于2004~2005年在临沂市抽检样品115件进行8种有机磷农药检测,其中蔬菜86件,水果29件。用有机磷农药沾污青菜,再用不同方法处理,分别测出处理前后青菜中的农药残留量,计算去除率。结果临沂市部分蔬菜有机磷农药检出率为16.3%,水果有机磷农药检出率为24.1%;8种有机磷农药检出6种,其中禁止使用的高毒农药占52.6%,叶菜类、根茎类、瓜茄类和鲜豆类四类蔬菜的有机磷农药残留量无统计学意义(P>0.05);温室蔬菜的超标率高于露天种植蔬菜(P<0.05)。食用碱水浸泡法去除率为71.4%,洗涤剂浸泡法去除率为65.4%,食用盐水浸泡法去除率为62.7%,沸水浸泡法为70.7%,效果均优于清水浸泡法(去除率为45.5%)。结论临沂市部分蔬菜水果中存在有机磷农药残留;通过碱水浸泡、沸水浸泡等方法可显著降低蔬菜中的农药残留量。     

DIFFERENCE IN BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SENSITIVITY TO CHEMOTHERAPY AND RADIOTHERAPY BETWEEN INTRAHEPATIC AND EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA CELLS IN VITRO

Objective To investigate and compare the biological characteristics and sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy of intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro. Methods The intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell lines were established, and cells with steady passage were chosen to study the biological characteristics including morphology, growth dynamics, chromosome, and levels of cancer antigen （CA） 125, CA 19-9, alpha-fetoprotein （AFP）, and carcino-embryonic antigen （ CEA）. Meanwhile, MTT assay was used to determine the sensitivity of both kinds of cells to 6 chemotherapeutic drugs, including cisplatin, paclitaxel, harringtonine, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and aclacimomycin, and the inhibitory rate of cells under the irradiation of 10 Gy ray was also measured. Results The intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells were mostly fusiform in shape, and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells were mostly round or polygon in shape. Their doubling time was 26. 3 hours and 23.1 hours, respectively. Their average number of chromosomes was 59 （ range, 38-84 ） and 67 （ range, 49-103 ）, respectively. The chromosome karyotypes of most intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells were hyperdiploid and hypotriploid, while hypertriploid was predominant in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells. The level of CA 125 in supernatant of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells increased obviously, while levels of other determined tumor markers in both kinds of cells were all within normal range. The intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells were low sensitive to cisplatin and paclitaxel, but not sensitive to the other 4 chemotherapeutic drugs. The extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells were high sensitive to cisplatin, but not sensitive to the other 5 drugs. Both kinds of cells had poor sensitivity to radiotherapy. Conclusions Intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells show differences in shape, doubling time, chromosome karyotype, tumor marker level, and chemosensitivity, whereas