第132例乏力-白细胞增高-关节痛-多浆膜腔积液-心功能不全

病历摘要 患者男,39岁,因乏力10个月,关节痛6个月,心慌、气促1个月,加重3 d于2005年12月14日入院.缘于10个月前因受凉发热,检查白细胞增高伴贫血及血小板减少(白细胞24.2×109/L、血红蛋白100 g/L、血小板50×109/L),骨髓增生极度活跃,粒:红=3.1:1,中、晚幼粒细胞比例高,巨核细胞18个.     

布地奈德对咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿血清IgE水平的影响

目的:探讨咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿吸入布地奈德治疗前后血清总IgE及外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数的变化及意义。方法:选择2007年l月-2010年1月本院门诊咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿147例,随机分为对照组(56例),布地奈德治疗组(91例)。对照组与治疗组分别于治疗前和治疗2个月后测定血清IgE、外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数。结果:对照组治疗前及治疗2个月IgE水平分别为(226.16±21.09)ng/L、(240.39±19.56)ng/L(P>0.05);治疗组治疗前后IgE分别为(255.48±23.67)ng/L、(169.00±15.72)ng/L,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),对照组治疗前后外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数为(1.22±0.60)×109个/L、(0.98±0.41)×109个/L,治疗组治疗前后血嗜酸性粒细胞计数为(1.35±0.73)×109个/L、(0.41±0.20)×109个/L,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:布地奈德可降低咳嗽变异性哮喘儿童血清IgE水平,观察血清IgE水平和外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数对咳嗽变异性哮喘的诊断和治疗效应的判断具有重要意义。     

抗结核药致药物超敏反应综合征2例报道

药物超敏反应综合征(DIHS)是一种以急性广泛的皮损,伴发热、淋巴结肿大、多脏器受累(肝炎、肾炎、肺炎),嗜酸性粒细胞增多等血液异常为特征的严重全身性药物反应. 1 临床资料 病例1,男,23岁.2012年2月13日诊断继发型右上肺结核(空洞)涂片阳性初治,予以常规剂量异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇抗结核治疗.2012年3月9日因发热,皮疹3d入院.入院体检:体温39.0℃,全身红色麻疹样皮疹,双侧颈部触及多个淋巴结肿大,活动无压痛.实验室检查:血常规白细胞计数(WBC)4.1×109/L,中性细胞1.55×109/L,淋巴细胞1.33×109/L,嗜酸性粒细胞0.64×109/L,单核细胞0.78×109/L,丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT) 56 U/L,天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST) 50 U/L.     

慢性粒细胞性白血病急淋变2例（附1例超微结构观察）

慢性粒细胞白血病(以下简称慢粒)在小儿中较少见,最终常死于急粒变,而有关小儿慢粒急淋变的报告甚少。我科曾收治2例,其中1例进行了超微结构观察,现报告如下。例1男,13岁,汉族。因面色苍白、乏力10个月,加重伴发热20天,于1988年3月6日入院。起病时曾住我院二附院。当时血象:血红蛋白65g/L;白细胞294×109/L,原粒0.01,早幼粒0.05,中幼粒0.17,晚幼粒0.20,杆状核0.21,分叶核0.28;血小板375×10~9/L。骨髓象:有核细胞增生极度活跃,粒:红=64:1,原粒0.025,早幼粒0.06,中、晚幼粒各0.20.杆状核0.185,分叶核0.17,嗜酸中幼粒0.025,嗜酸晚幼粒0.07,嗜碱粒细胞0.025。确诊为     

尼曼-皮克病1例

报告1例尼曼-皮克病如下。1病例介绍患者,男,3岁,儿科住院病人。临床症状:精神状态良好,肝、脾肿大,发育不良,不见长高,肝功检查:ALT 88 u/L,AST68 u/L,CHO 4.2 mmol/L,TG 2.1 mmol/L。血象:WBC 12.6×109/L,中性粒细胞0.37,嗜酸粒细胞0.05,嗜碱粒细胞0.02,淋巴细胞0.51,单核细胞0.05,HGB 126 g/L,PLT 76×109/L。骨髓穿刺显示骨髓增生明显活跃,粒系增生活跃,早幼粒细胞1.6%,中幼粒细胞7.4%,晚幼粒细胞9.6%,杆状核14.4%,分叶核8.0%,嗜酸性晚幼粒0.4%,嗜酸性杆状核1.2%,嗜酸性分叶核3.6%,红系增生活跃,原红细胞0.8%,早幼红细胞1.6…     

自身免疫性溶血性贫血转发急性髓系白血病(AML-M2a)1例

1临床资料患者,女,58岁。于2009年10月18日因头晕、乏力而入院。查体:皮肤苍白,巩膜黄染,肝脾未及。查Hb 49g/L,RBC 1.5×1012/L,WBC 2.5×109/L,PLT182×109/L,Ret:0.045。骨髓涂片示:增生明显活跃,红系占0.62,以中、晚幼红细胞为主,嗜多色、嗜碱性点     

纯红再生障碍性贫血转化为慢性粒单核细胞性白血病一例

患者男, 78岁。2000年 3月出现脸色苍白、胸闷、乏力并逐渐加重,同年 8月来我院就诊。血常规示红细胞计数1. 23×1012 /L,血红蛋白 40g/L,白细胞计数 6. 3×109 /L,中性粒细胞 0. 70,淋巴细胞0. 23,血小板计数 95×109 /L,网织红细胞 0. 3%,平均红细胞容积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度 (MCHC)在正常范围。Coomb’s试验和Ham’s试验阴性。骨髓涂片示增生明显活跃,粒红比例明显增高,粒系增生显著活跃,部分细胞胞浆颗粒增粗,可见嗜酸性粒细胞,中性粒细胞碱性磷酸积分(NAP)积分为 19分,红系增生低下,…     

以造血功能停滞起病的急性淋巴细胞白血病1例

1 临床资料 患者,女,62岁,因发热伴全身乏力10 d于2008年9月4日入院.患者于2008年8月24日开始发热,体温38 ℃,血常规:WBC 3.52×109/L,N 40.6%,L 52.8%,HGB 96 g/L,PLT 89×109/L,腹部B超无异常,肝功能:AST 145 u/L,ALT 148 u/L,肝胆酶谱:LDH 668 u/L,a-LDH 669 u/L,抗结核抗体弱阳性,抗ds-DNA(-),嗜异性凝集试验(+),抗巨细胞病毒抗体(+),风疹病毒抗体(+),两次骨髓穿刺:增生极度低下,粒系极度受抑,红系无幼红细胞,淋巴细胞90%以上,少量细胞形态不规则,浆细胞2%,巨核细胞3个,PLT少见,吞噬细胞0.5%,流式细胞免疫学分析细胞太少,并行骨髓活检:骨髓造血组织轻度增生,可见较多大小一致细胞及较大核细胞,于2008年9月2日血常规:WBC 0.80×109/L,RBC 2.78×1012/L,HGB 84 g/L,PLT 22×109/L,仍发热,体温最高40.1 ℃,进一步住院治疗.     

1例嗜酸粒细胞白血病报道

患者吴××,男,72岁,因反复喘急50年,复发伴胸痛6月入院,咳嗽、咯痰、胸痛。20天前上述症状明显,伴鼻出血,经治疗后稍缓解出院。3天前上述症状复发加重而入我院。入院时T30℃,P 96次/分,R 21次/分,BP 16/kPa,皮肤无发绀、无瘀斑瘀点、浅表淋巴结未扪及,腹平满、无压痛及反跳痛,肝脾未扪及。血液检验:WBC 12×109/L,中性分叶0.48,淋巴0.16,中性杆状0.10,单核细胞0.05,幼稚细胞0.23。RBC 345×1012/L,Hb90g/L,PLT70×109/L。骨髓检查:骨髓有核细胞增生极度活跃,粒红比例11∶1。粒系增生,以嗜酸粒细胞为主占0.8,原粒和嗜酸早幼粒占0.68…     

以睾丸疼痛肿胀为首发症状的慢性粒细胞白血病1例

睾丸病变是以白血病髓外浸润少见的临床表现,笔者所在医院遇到1例,现报告如下. 1 病例介绍 患者,45岁,工人.因睾丸疼痛、肿胀,阴茎频频勃起,排尿后疼痛加重3 d,于2000年7月16日就诊于泌尿外科.查体:T 37.7 ℃,P 80次/min.轻度贫血貌,心肺未见异常,肝脾未触及.阴囊红肿,双侧睾丸大小5.0 cm×4.5 cm×5.0 cm,质硬触痛,腹股沟淋巴结肿大,阴茎无异常.血常规:Hb 110 g/L,WBC 21×109/L,N 0.88,L 0.12,PLT 162×109/L,血沉35 mm/h.尿常规、胸部X线片正常.诊断为:急性睾丸炎,睾丸肿物待查.给予青霉素800万U每日2次,口服抗菌药物治疗3 d,睾丸有疼痛.查WBC 22×109/L,N 0.9,L 0.09.请内科会诊,骨髓穿刺:骨髓增生明显活跃,粒红比例9∶ 1,粒系0.88,原始0.02,早幼0.04,中性0.16,晚幼0.20,分叶核0.14,嗜酸0.09,嗜碱0.03,红系0.08,淋巴0.04,巨核细胞70个全片,血小板易见.诊断为慢性粒细胞白血病.进行1周化疗无好转,行睾丸切除术,病理诊断为睾丸细胞白血病浸润,以晚幼粒细胞及杆状核为主,并有少量嗜酸、嗜碱细胞.给予马利兰化疗2周后完全缓解,出院,随访1年后复发(急变)死亡.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.