深圳地区1998年与2001年男性尿道炎患者主要病原体临床分析

[目的 ]了解深圳地区男性尿道炎患者主要病原体的变迁 ,为临床预防和治疗提供依据 .[方法 ]对 1998年 10 6 0例及 2 0 0 1年 1173例男性尿道炎患者的主要病原体进行分析 .[结果 ]1998年及2 0 0 1年男性尿道炎患者中占首位的病原体为沙眼衣原体 ;1998年淋病患者多于 2 0 0 1年 ,而非淋菌性尿道炎患者少于 2 0 0 1年 ;2 0 0 1年混合感染引起的男性尿道炎患者多于 1998年 .[结论 ]本地区男性尿道炎患者中占首位的病原体为沙眼衣原体 ,有淋病发病率下降、非淋菌性尿道炎发病率与混合感染率上升的趋势     

康妇特栓联合阿奇霉素治疗女性非淋菌性尿道炎效果观察

目的观察康妇特栓联合阿奇霉素对支原体和衣原体引起的非淋菌性尿道炎的临床效果。方法将83例女性非淋茵性尿道炎患者随机分为治疗组（43例）和对照组（40例），治疗组每日静脉点滴乳糖酸阿奇霉素0．5g/d，同时使用康妇特栓1剂／d；对照组单用乳糖酸阿奇霉素静脉注射0．5g，s。连续治疗7d后，观察临床症状及衣原体和支原体转阴率。结果联合用药对单纯性衣原体或支原体感染及衣原体、支原体混合感染都有很好的转阴效果，转阴率分别达到92．3％、90，1％和83．3％，能有效消除或减轻临床症状及体征，其疗效显著优于单独使用阿奇霉素（P〈O．05）。结论康妇特栓与阿奇霉素联合是行之有效的治疗女性非淋茵性尿道炎的治疗方案。     

结合雌激素治疗老年性阴道炎和尿道炎的临床观察

目的 探讨结合雌激素软膏用于治疗老年性阴道炎和尿道炎的效果与副反应。方法 对５８例有老年性阴道炎或尿道炎症状的绝经后妇女事雌激素软膏进行局部治疗１个月,用药前后测定血ＦＳＨ、Ｅ２、ｐＨ值。结果 用药１个月后老年性阴道炎、尿道炎症状明显缓解。用药后血ＦＳＨ显著下降,Ｅ２升高,达卵泡早期较低水平。结论 结合雌激素软膏能有效地解除老年性阴道炎、尿道炎症状,同时对治疗老年性阴道炎感染应集中纠正激素缺乏。以     

Endocervical chlamydial infection in women attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Singapore

Two hundred women attending the sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic at Middle Road Hospital were investigated. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 32% of women who were contacts of men with nongonococcal urethritis, 15% of contacts of gonococcal urethritis, 27% of contacts of unspecified STD, and 13% of women without any history of STD in their sex partners. Overall, Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 17% of 200 women, Neisseria gonorrhoeae from 13% of 199 women, Candida albicans from 34% and Trichomonas vaginalis from 6% of 197 women. Three per cent of the patients had positive VDRL results. A history of bilateral lower abdominal pain and the presence of cervicitis were significantly associated with chlamydial infection. Forty one per cent of the 34 chlamydia-positive women were asymptomatic. The results of this study show that C. trachomatis infection is more common than infection with N. gonorrhoeae in women who attend STD clinics. The need for routine screening and treatment on the basis of epidemiological and clinical markers of infection has to be carefully examined.     

实时荧光PCR在男性性病尿道炎及男性尿道炎后综合征的应用评价

目的探讨实时荧光PCR技术检测男性性病尿道炎及男性尿道炎后综合征（MPUS）患者的病原体的临床价值。方法用实时荧光PCR法对718例男性性病尿道炎及MPUS患者尿道分泌物或前列腺液同时作淋球菌（NG）、沙眼衣原体（Ct）、解脲支原体（UU）检测。结果52．2％的淋病患者并发Ct、UU感染。非淋菌性尿道炎（NGU）患者Ct、UU阳性率68．2％,Ct阳性率31．1％、UU阳性率42．6％,5．4％患者Ct、UU合并感染。MPUS患者NG、Ct、UU阳性率仅为10．2％。结论实时荧光PCR技术灵敏度高,特异性强,对男性性病尿道炎及MPUS的诊断和治疗具有重要的指导意义。     

社区学龄前儿童非特异性咳嗽综合干预的效果评价

目的探索社区学龄前儿童非特异性咳嗽在社区的有效治疗方案并进行效果评价。方法将2008年9月-2010年8月在深圳蛇口地区社区健康服务中心就诊的有非特异性咳嗽的201名学龄前儿童随机分为两组,药物治疗组采用利巴韦林注射液、注射用氨溴索针剂雾化及氯雷他定分散片口服,而综合治疗组则在常规对症治疗的基础上增加心理治疗、消毒隔离以及加强护理,并进行两组疗效观察。结果治疗后两组的症状改善差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),综合治疗组总有效率90.8%,药物治疗组总有效率75.7%。两组药物不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论社区学龄前儿童非特异性咳嗽的治疗,除单纯药物治疗外,各种辅助治疗也非常关键,有显著意义,适合全科医生在社区干预学龄前儿童非特异性咳嗽使用。     

Association of genital adenovirus infection with urethritis in men

Adenoviruses were isolated from the urethral swabs of 129 male patients in an STD clinic. After exclusion of patients with Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoea infections, 85 of the remaining 120 patients had urethritis, compared with 28 men with urethritis detected in a control group which was closely matched for age, sex, and date of specimen collection. This statistically significant difference suggests that genital adenovirus infection may be a cause of urethritis in some male patients.     

非淋菌性尿道炎解脲支原体及沙眼衣原体检测

目的 :探讨非淋菌性尿道炎的病因并指导临床治疗。方法 :解脲支原体采用培养法 ,沙眼衣原体采用酶联免疫吸附测定法。结果 :64例非淋菌性尿道炎中沙眼衣原体、解脲支原体感染率分别为 30 .8% ( 2 0 /65)和 2 1.5% ( 14/ 65) ,二者混合感染率为 6.1% ( 4 / 65)。结论 :沙眼衣原体和解脲支原体感染是非淋菌性尿道炎主要病因     

Treatment of sexually transmitted chlamydial infections

Tetracycline hydrochloride, 500 mg orally four times a day for seven days, remains the treatment of choice for C trachomatis infections in men and nonpregnant women. Either erythromycin, 500 mg orally four times daily for seven days, or an equivalent dosage of another erythromycin product is an alternative treatment for patients who cannot tolerate tetracycline and for pregnant women. These two treatment regimens can be generalized to include nongonococcal urethritis and mucopurulent cervicitis. However, other treatment regimens that are effective against C trachomatis may not be effective for treating nongonococcal urethritis or mucopurulent cervicitis not caused by C trachomatis. The optimal treatment for pregnant women with C trachomatis infections and women with acute PID has not been established. Additional treatment trials with both groups of patients are needed to determine the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents in addition to those currently used, to establish the appropriate dose of each antimicrobial agent, and to clarify the appropriate duration of treatment. All individuals who are sexual partners of patients with nongonococcal urethritis, mucopurulent cervicitis, and acute PID (within the 30 days prior to onset of their symptoms or time of positive clinical evaluation findings) should be examined for sexually transmitted disease and treated promptly with a regimen effective against uncomplicated gonorrhea and chlamydial infections. Prompt treatment of sexual partners reduces the rate of treatment failure due to reinfection, reduces the transmission of infection, and reduces the frequency of occurrence of adverse sequelae of infection.     

272例泌尿生殖道炎患者PCR检测结果分析

目的：研究泌尿生殖道炎患者淋球菌（ＮＧ）、解脲支原体（ＵＵ）、少眼衣原体（ＣＴ）的感染情况。方法：对２７２例泌尿生殖道炎患者应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测尿道（男）或宫颈（女）分泌物中ＮＧ、ＵＵ、ＣＴ。结果：淋病（ＧＵ）感染率与非淋菌性尿道（阴道）炎（ＮＧＵ）的感染率无显著差异。病原体混合感染率显著高于单独感染率。结论：在泌尿生殖道炎患者中ＧＵ与ＮＵ混合感染有增高趋势，在诊断过程中应引起重视。     

NGU支原体检测及耐药性分析

目的了解深圳市宝安区西乡人民医院近期支原体感染及药敏的情况,给临床用药提供参考资料. 方法对1 481例非淋菌性尿道炎（NGU）患者进行支原体常规培养及药敏试验. 结果有683例支原体阳性,其中解脲支原体（Uu）和人型支原体（Mh）分别占43.69%（ 647例）和12.90%（191例）;Uu对12种抗生素中最敏感的是交沙霉素（JOS）（89.48%）,其次是美满霉素（MIN）（85.94%）,而对Mh最敏感的是MIN（78.01%）,其次是强力霉素（DOX）（76.44%）. 结论对于泌尿生殖道支原体感染,应进行支原体检测及药敏试验,根据药敏结果选择治疗药物.     

联合用药治疗非淋球菌性尿道炎疗效观察

目的:寻求一种快速治疗非淋球菌性生殖道炎症(粘液脓性宫颈炎)和减少交叉感染的治疗方法.方法:共280例患者,第一组用阿奇霉素口服,第二组用阿齐霉素口服 四环素外用,第三组阿奇霉素、加替沙星口服 四环素外用治疗.结果:第一组、第二组及第三组的有效率分别为71%、82%及94%.结论:阿奇霉素、加替沙星口服 四环素外用治疗非淋菌性生殖道炎症,疗效好,疗程短,可获满意疗效.     

呼吸系统疾病患者院内肺部真菌感染的临床分析

目的:探讨呼吸系统疾病患者院内肺部真菌感染的易患因素,临床特征和治疗.方法:应用回顾性调查方法对86例院内肺部真菌感染的有呼吸系统基础疾病的患者进行分析.结果:在呼吸系统疾病患者中,院内肺部真菌感染发生率为1.7%,COPD是继发院内肺部真菌感染最常见的基础疾病,长期使用广谱抗生素,长期使用激素、低蛋白血症、机械通气、合并糖尿病是主要诱因.肺部真菌感染的临床表现无特异性,确诊需结合痰培养和临床情况来定,病原菌以白色念珠菌为主,氟康唑疗效好.结论:院内肺部真菌感染是呼吸系统疾病继发感染的重要原因,常因二重感染导致患者预后极差,应引起临床高度重视.     

380例淋病患者合并沙眼衣原体和解脲支原体感染的检测分析

对380名淋病患者(262名男性的尿道分泌物和118名女性的宫颈分泌物)进行沙眼衣原体(CT)及解脲支原体(UU)的涂片和培养检测。结果显示:衣原体(CT)阳性135例,占35.5%;解脲支原体(UU)阳性157例,占41.3%;CT和UU总阳性238例,占62.6%。淋病合并CT和UU感染男159例,占60.7%;女79例,占66.9%,两者间比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。提示女性混合感染高于男性,对淋菌引起的尿道炎/宫颈炎进行检测和治疗时注意混合感染的发生十分重要     

支原体感染培养及药敏探讨

目的：探讨文山地区非淋球菌性尿道炎支原体感染、培养、鉴定、计数和药敏试验的关系。方法：标本处理、培养、鉴定、计数和药敏试验均严格按试剂盒说明书的规定要求和操作规程进行。结果：对４８例拟示支原体感染患者的标本培养阳性率为６０４％，其中男性为６３３％，女性为５５５％；药敏分析结果支原体对四环素、氟哌酸和红霉素的耐药率分别高达７２４％、５８６％和２７６％；交沙霉素、原始霉素应为目前治疗泌尿生殖道支原体感染的首选抗生素、敏感率为１００％。结论：ＭｙｃｏｐｌａｓｍａＩＳＴ试剂盒为支原体感染临床治疗的抗生素选择提供必要的实验诊断资料。     

Role of Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum in non-gonococcal urethritis in Hong Kong.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum in symptomatic male patients presenting with non-gonococcal urethritis in a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Hong Kong. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: A sexually transmitted infection clinic, Department of Health, Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong. PATIENTS: A cohort of consecutive new male patients attending the government sexually transmitted infection clinic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum among symptomatic male patients with non-gonococcal urethritis and asymptomatic patients without non-gonococcal urethritis. RESULTS: Specimens of 22 and 10 patients tested positive by polymerase chain reaction for Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma genitalium respectively, among the symptomatic non-gonococcal urethritis group (n=98). In the asymptomatic control group (n=236), corresponding patient numbers whose specimens tested positive were 47 and 5. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups, in terms of the proportion of patients infected with Mycoplasma genitalium (P=0.799) or Ureaplasma urealyticum (P=0.535). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, demonstration of Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum by polymerase chain reaction was not associated with symptomatic non-gonococcal urethritis in male patients attending a Hong Kong government clinic for sexually transmitted infections.     

三种检测沙眼衣原体方法的比较

目的：比较沙眼衣原体感染的三种实验室检测方法。方法：用Giemsa染色直接细胞学检查法、衣原体抗原快速免疫层析法（ICA）和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应法（FQ-PCR）同时检测157例非淋菌性泌尿生殖道感染者和100例非泌尿生殖道感染的门诊病人。结果：Giemsa染色法I、CA法和FQ-PCR法的灵敏度和特异性分别为54.5%和100%、100%和98.2%、100%和92.0%。结论：ICA法具有较高的灵敏度和特异性,推荐基层单位使用ICA法。     

性病性尿道炎并发慢性前列腺炎—附84例报告

目的 :探讨性病性尿道炎并发慢性前列腺炎的病因学特点。方法 :对 84例性病性尿道炎并发慢性前列腺炎患者的前列腺按摩液 (EPS)进行病原体检测并分析结果。结果 :84例EPS细菌培养阳性 5 3例 ,阳性率 63 1% ,其中以淋球菌为主要致病菌 3 2例 ( 3 8 1% )。EPS支原体培养阳性 2 3例 ,阳性率 2 7 4% ,其中解脲支原体 2 1例 ( 2 5 % )。金标免疫层析法检测沙眼衣原体阳性 2 2例 ( 2 6 2 % )。检测出复合病原体 14例( 16 7% )。结论 :性病性尿道炎并发慢性前列腺炎的致病菌以淋球菌、支原体和衣原体为主。认为前列腺液病原体检测 ,对指导性病性尿道炎并发慢性前列腺炎的治疗具有重要临床意义。同时还应注意患者性病后的心理治疗     

1760例NGU患者支原体培养鉴定及药敏分析

目的了解本地区非淋菌性尿道（宫颈）炎（NGU）患者支原体感染情况及其药物敏感性。方法对1760例NGU患者的支原体培养及药敏试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果在支原体感染患者中,以解脲支原体（Uu）为主要病原体;在对8种药物进行的药敏试验结果中,交沙霉素及强力霉素敏感率较高,分别为91．25％和89．29％,对环丙沙星及氧氟沙星的耐药率较高。结论对于Uu和人型支原体（Mh）感染,临床医生应结合药敏试验合理应用抗生素,Uu和Mh感染者的治疗建议首选交沙霉素及强力霉素。     

4 120例非淋菌性泌尿生殖道炎支原体感染检测分析

目的 分析泌尿生殖道炎患者支原体感染情况及其耐药谱。方法 采用支原体培养、鉴定、药敏一体试剂盒对4120例NGU分泌物进行检测，同时测定支原体对抗生素的耐药性。结果 4120例NGU患者中单纯UU感染1651株，阳性率40．07％，单纯MH感染23株，阳性率0．56％，UU＋MH混合感染175例，阳性率4．25％。UU、MH、UU＋MH对交沙霉素、强力霉素、美满霉素较为敏感；UU对克拉霉素高度敏感，但对于MH、UU＋MH则高度耐药。结论 泌尿生殖道支原体感染主要以UU为主，单纯MH感染少见；单纯UU、MH和UU＋MH三者的耐药性存在一定差异，临床治疗应根据药敏结果选择敏感药物。