TGF-β1在慢性充血性心力衰竭中的表达及其作用

目的探索TGF-β1在慢性充血性心力衰竭发生过程中的表达变化及其作用。方法将25只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组5只,假手术组10只,手术组10只,假手术组和手术组观察时间点为术后1、2、4、8 w。采用腹主动脉部分缩窄术,建立大鼠慢性充血性心力衰竭模型。应用超声心动图动态监测左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd),舒张末期室间隔厚度(IVSd)和左室后壁厚度(LVPWd);解剖心脏,计算心肌重量指数(心重/体重(HW/BW)和左室重/体重(LVW/BW));免疫组织化学染色法检测TGF-β1表达变化。结果手术组术后1 w LVEDd、IVSd和LVPWd分别为(4.87±0.26)mm、(2.04±0.11)mm和(1.93±0.19)mm;此后呈进行性增加趋势,假手术组无明显变化。正常组HW/BW和LVW/BW分别为(2.79±0.13)和(1.90±0.21);手术组术后8 w HW/BW可达(4.03±0.25),LVW/BW(3.15±0.31);假手术组无明显变化。手术组TGF-β1表达量明显高于正常组和假手术组。线性回归提示TGF-β1表达与LVW/BW存在线性相关。结论腹主动脉部分缩窄术造模可以在8 w内成功建立慢性充血性心力衰竭模型;慢性充血性心力衰竭发生过程中TGF-β1表达量明显增高。     

自发高血压大鼠左室肥厚心肌Kv4.2表达的动态变化

目的探讨自发高血压大鼠左室肥厚心肌Kv4.2表达的动态演变规律。方法采用Western-Blot方法分别测定10、20和30周龄自发高血压大鼠左室心肌Kv4.2,同时测定大鼠心脏质量指数和左心室质量指数,以10周龄Wistar-Kyoto大鼠为对照组。结果①自发高血压大鼠的左心室质量指数和心脏质量指数明显大于Wistar-Kyoto大鼠(P<0.01);在自发高血压大鼠中,各组大鼠的心脏质量指数和左心室质量指数具有明显差别(P<0.01)。②自发高血压大鼠左室肥厚心肌Kv4.2的表达明显低于Wistar-Kyoto大鼠(P<0.01);在自发高血压大鼠中,各组大鼠左室肥厚心肌Kv4.2的表达具有明显差别(P<0.01)。③Kv4.2的表达与左心室质量指数呈负相关关系(r=-0.99,P<0.01)。结论左心室肥厚越明显,心肌Kv4.2的表达越低。     

毛果芸香碱对MI大鼠的保护作用

目的:探讨毛果芸香碱对MI大鼠的保护作用。方法:通过结扎大鼠左冠左前降支制造心梗模型。随机分为:假手术组、梗死组和毛果芸香碱组。治疗4周,通过超声心动图测量左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室短轴缩短分数(LVFS),并计算左室肥厚指数(LVW/BW)。结果:假手术组和梗死组相比(P0.05),差异具有统计学意义,和梗死组相比,毛果芸香碱组LVW/BW明显降低(P0.05);和假手术组相比,梗死组和毛果芸香碱组LVEF和LVFS均显著降低(P0.01);和梗死组相比,毛果芸香碱组LVEF和LVFS均明显升高(P0.01)。结论:毛果芸香碱可明显抑制左室心肌代偿性肥厚,减轻心室重塑,显著提高LVEF和LVFS,增加左室射血功能,发挥心脏的保护作用。     

乌龙茶与绿茶减肥效果的比较研究

目的：比较乌龙茶与绿茶的减肥效果。方法：56只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组,其中3组以高能量高脂肪饲料喂饲大鼠,同时分别予以蒸馏水或乌龙茶、绿茶1．2g／kg.bw。另1组喂以基础饲料,连续喂养30天后,测定大鼠体重、体围、肝脏重量、附睾周、肾周及肩胛间脂肪组织重量,计算Lee‘s指数、肝重／体重、脂肪重／体重,并测定血脂、下丘脑神经递质(去甲肾上腺素)含量。结果：与高脂对照组比较,乌龙茶与绿茶组大鼠体重、增重、附睾周与肾周脂肪组织重量、肾周脂肪重／体重、血清甘油三酯含量明显较低,绿茶组大鼠体围也较低,而两组间无明显差异。结论：乌龙茶与绿茶均有减肥效果,且在相同剂量下两者减肥效果相似。     

绿茶提取物与维生素C和番茄红素的协同抗氧化作用

目的研究绿茶提取物联合维生素C和番茄红素对D-半乳糖致氧化损伤模型小鼠体内抗氧化活性的影响。方法 72只小鼠按体重随机抽取12只作为空白对照组,其余用D-半乳糖1.0 g/kg腹腔注射造模,6周后按照丙二醛(MDA)水平随机分为:模型对照组、绿茶提取物组和低、中、高3个剂量绿茶提取物+维生素C+番茄红素混合受试物组。模型对照组蒸馏水灌胃,绿茶提取物组0.87 g/kg单一绿茶提取物灌胃,低、中、高剂量混合受试物组分别按0.15、0.29、0.87 g/kg混合物灌胃。4周后用分光光度法测血清与肝脏内MDA含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、蛋白质羰基含量。结果与氧化损伤模型对照组相比,高剂量混合物组、绿茶提取物组均能增高小鼠血清和肝组织内GSH-Px、SOD活性,降低蛋白质羰基、MDA含量(P<0.01或P<0.05);与绿茶提取物组比较,高剂量混合物组GSH-Px、SOD活性增高,MDA、蛋白质羰基含量降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论绿茶提取物联合维生素C和番茄红素比单一使用绿茶提取物抗氧化效果更好,三者表现出良好的协同抗氧化能力。     

心可舒联合厄贝沙坦对高血压左室肥厚心肌缺血的控制效果

目的探讨心可舒联合厄贝沙坦对高血压左室肥厚心肌缺血的控制效果及预防措施。方法选取本院2017年1月至2019年4月高血压左室肥厚心肌缺血患者120例,根据建档时间分为A组和B组,每组60例。A组予以心可舒胶囊和厄贝沙坦片联合治疗,B组予以缬沙坦和非洛地平联合治疗,观察两组疗效,比较两组治疗前后血压[舒张压(DBP)、收缩压(SBP)]以及左室肥厚指标[左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室舒张末期后壁厚度(LVDPWT)、左心室质量指数(LVMI)、左心室舒张末期室间隔厚度(IVST)]变化。结果 A组总有效率为96.67%,优于B组的83.33%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,A组DBP、SBP、LVMI、LVEDD、LVDPWT、IVST均优于B组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论高血压左室肥厚心肌缺血患者采用心可舒胶囊和厄贝沙坦片联合治疗效果较理想;同时对高血压患者采取早期预防措施,可发生降低左室肥厚心肌缺血的风险。     

高血压病左室肥厚与心律失常的相关性研究

目的 探讨高血压病左心室肥厚与心律失常的关系.方法 收集2004～2005年于我院住院的202例原发性高血压患者的资料,对其超声心动图左室重量指标的测定,与其静息同步12导联心电图、动态心电图心律失常发生情况进行比较有无相关性.结果 左心室肥厚组平均左室重量指标水平为(152.9±15.6)g/m2,和左心室正常者相比差异有显著性(P＜0.01).左心室肥厚组室性心律失常及复杂性室性心律失常的检出率为87.2%和44.18%,明显高于左心室正常组(30.17%和9.48%),差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论 原发性高血压左心室肥厚相关性心律失常与左室肥厚的程度有明显的关系.     

醛固酮合成酶基因多态性与原发性高血压靶器官损伤的关系研究

摘要:目的 探讨CYP11B2基因-344C/T多态性与原发性高血压及其靶器官损伤的关系。方法 检测对照组、原发性高血压无并发症组、高血压合并脑梗死组和高血压左室肥厚组患者的CYP11B2基因型频率,统计学分析比较其差异。结果 高血压组和对照组的C等位基因频率分别为0.28、0.19,统计学分析提示高血压组的C等位基因频率显著高于对照组(P<0.01);高血压合并脑梗死组与无并发症组的C等位基因频率分别为0.33、0.27,两者之间无显著差别(P>0.05);高血压合并脑梗死组与无并发症组的T等位基因频率分别为0.67、0.73,两者之间无显著差别(P>0.05);高血压左室肥厚组和无并发症组的T等位基因频率分别为0.78、0.73,高血压左室肥厚组显著高于无并发症组(P<0.005)。结论 CYP11B2基因C等位基因可能是原发性高血压的一个遗传标志。高血压合并脑梗死的发生与CYP11B2基因多态性无关,高血压左室肥厚的发生与CYP11B2基因T等位基因有关。     

绿茶提取物——茶多酚对人体健康作用及应用

绿茶是人们普遍饮用的茶饮品之一 ,经常饮用绿茶对人体健康有利已受到越来越多科学家的关注。绿茶提取物的主要成分是茶多酚 (greenteapoiyphenols ,GTP) ,根据国内外科学家长期研究认定 ,GTP具有抗癌、抗衰老的功能[1] 。且大多数学者认为GTP具有抗氧化、清除自由基、诱导解毒酶、调节机体免疫等作用是发挥抗肿瘤作用的主要机制[2 ] 。近几年来 ,GTP的这些作用被更多的研究试验所证实 ,且研究领域进一步扩大。1　GTP介绍GTP是绿茶的主要成分 ,约占干物质的 3 0 % ,GTP从茶叶下脚料 (茶末、茶片、粗老茶或修剪叶 )中提取。由于仅用…     

老年高血压患者血压昼夜节律变化与左室肥厚关系的探讨

目的探讨老年高血压患者血压昼夜节律变化与左室肥厚的关系.方法选择老年高血压病人130例进行24h动态血压监测,超声心动图测定室间隔厚度、左室舒张末直径并按Devereux校正公式计算左心室质量指数(LVMI).结果血压昼夜节律减弱或消失的老年高血压组(B组)和老年单纯收缩期高血压组(C组)患者的左室肥厚检出率明显高于有血压昼夜节律的老年高血压患者(A组)(P＜0.001).结论血压昼夜节律减弱或消失的老年高血压和单纯收缩期高血压患者多伴有左室肥厚.     

Black and green tea polyphenols attenuate blood pressure increases in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats

Oxidative stress was reported to be involved not only in cardiovascular diseases, but also in hypertension. Epidemiologic studies indicated that tea consumption slightly reduces blood pressure. We conducted two studies to determine whether black and green tea can lower blood pressure (BP) in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Male SHRSP (n=15) were allowed to recover for 2 wk after a transmitter for measuring BP was implanted in the peritoneal cavity. The rats were divided into three groups: the control group consumed tap water (30 mL/d); the black tea polyphenol group (BTP) consumed water containing 3.5 g/L thearubigins, 0.6 g/L theaflavins, 0.5 g/L flavonols and 0.4 g/L catechins; and the green tea polyphenol group (GTP) consumed water containing 3.5 g/L catechins, 0.5 g/L flavonols and 1 g/L polymetric flavonoids. The telemetry system was used to measure BP, which were recorded continuously every 5 min for 24 h. During the daytime, systolic and diastolic BP were significantly lower in the BTP and GTP groups than in the controls. Protein expressions of catalase and phosphorylated myosin light chain (MLC-p) were measured in the aorta by Western blotting. GTP significantly increased catalase expression, and BTP and GTP significantly decreased MLC-p expression in the aorta. These data demonstrate that both black and green tea polyphenols attenuate blood pressure increases through their antioxidant properties in SHRSP. Furthermore, because the amounts of polyphenols used in this experiment correspond to those in approximately 1 L of tea, the regular consumption of black and green tea may also provide some protection against hypertension in humans.     

茶多酚和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对血管紧张素Ⅱ诱导的心肌肥大的抑制作用

目的体外实验观察茶多酚和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)对血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)诱导的心肌肥大的抑制作用。方法采用乳鼠心肌细胞原代培养的方法,用AngⅡ处理心肌细胞作为心肌肥大阳性组,观察10、50和100μg/ml的茶多酚和EGCG对AngⅡ诱导的心肌肥大的抑制作用。结果与对照组相比,AngⅡ阳性组心肌细胞总蛋白含量增加、心肌细胞直径增大,而给予不同浓度的茶多酚和EGCG后,与AngⅡ阳性组相比,心肌细胞总蛋白含量和心肌细胞直径则均有一定程度的减少,并呈剂量-效应关系,但细胞数却没有变化。MTT增殖实验显示,AngⅡ可诱导心肌成纤维细胞的增殖,而给予茶多酚和EGCG后对成纤维细胞的增殖则具有一定程度的抑制作用。结论茶多酚和EGCG对AngⅡ诱导的心肌肥大有一定的抑制作用。     

Green tea polyphenols prevent toxin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by down-regulating inducible nitric oxide-derived prooxidants

BACKGROUND: Recently, considerable attention has been focused on dietary and medicinal phytochemicals that inhibit, reverse, or retard diseases caused by oxidative and inflammatory processes. Green tea polyphenols have both antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties. OBJECTIVE: We examined the effects of green tea polyphenols in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice, a model of liver injury in which oxidant stress and cytokine production are intimately linked. We tested the effect of a pure form of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, in mice treated with carbon tetrachloride. DESIGN: Eight-week-old ICR mice were administered 20 microL/CCl(4) kg dissolved in olive oil. Two different doses of EGCG, 50 and 75 mg/kg, were tested. Control mice were treated with saline and olive oil. We analyzed liver histopathology, lipid peroxidation, and messenger RNA and protein concentrations of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Additionally, nitric oxide-generated radicals were assessed by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and protein concentrations were measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Carbon tetrachloride administration caused an intense degree of liver necrosis associated with increases in lipid peroxidation, inducible nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA and protein, nitrotyrosine, and nitric oxide radicals. EGCG administration led to a dose-dependent decrease in all of the histologic and biochemical variables of liver injury observed in the carbon tetrachloride-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS: Green tea polyphenols reduce the severity of liver injury in association with lower concentrations of lipid peroxidation and proinflammatory nitric oxide-generated mediators. Green tea polyphenols can be a useful supplement in the treatment of liver disease and should be considered for liver conditions in which proinflammatory and oxidant stress responses are dominant.     

Plasma and tissue levels of tea catechins in rats and mice during chronic consumption of green tea polyphenols

To understand the relationship between tea consumption and its biological effects, plasma and tissue levels of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (-)-epicatechin (EC) were measured after rats and mice were given a 0.6% green tea polyphenol preparation as the drinking fluid for different periods of time. EGC and EC levels in rat plasma increased over time and reached peak values (3 times the Day 1 values) on Day 14. Then the plasma levels of tea catechins decreased, to Day 1 values on Day 28. The plasma concentrations of EGCG were much lower than those of EGC or EC. High levels of EGC and EC were found in urine, whereas high levels of EGCG were found in feces. The changes in the urinary and fecal excretions of tea catechins could not account for the above-described changes in the plasma levels. The amounts of catechins in different tissues reflected the ingestion, absorption, and excretion pattern. When the green tea polyphenol preparation was given to mice, the "increase-and-then-decrease" pattern of catechin levels was also observed in the plasma, lung, and liver; the EGCG levels were much higher than in the rats. The results suggest that consumption of tea by rodents could induce adaptive responses affecting blood and tissue levels of tea catechins with time and that investigation of a similar phenomenon in humans is warranted.     

茶多酚,茶色素对肝癌癌前病变大鼠肝脏Ⅱ相解毒酶的诱导及其在化？…

以二乙基亚硝胺（ＤＥＮ）启动、切除部分肝组织和腹腔注射ＣＣｌ４（ＰＨ／ＣＣｌ４）促进联合用造成大鼠肝癌癌前病变模型,试验组除上述处理外饮用０．１％的茶多酚或茶色素,８周后宰杀,测定肝细胞浆谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（ＧＳＴ）活性,用ＧＳＴ－１、１－２、３－３、Ｐｉ多克隆抗体Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ Ｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ方法检测ＧＳＴ各亚型蛋白质的相对水平。研究发现茶多酚或茶色素可使ＤＥＮ／ＰＨ／ＣＣｌ４组动物的ＧＳＴ活性     

Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced inflammatory skin edema and ornithine decarboxylase activity by theaflavin-3,3'-digallate in mouse

Among black tea polyphenols, theaflavins were generally considered to be the most effective in cancer chemoprevention. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of black tea polyphenols, including theaflavin (TF-1), a mixture (TF-2) of theaflavin-3-gallate and theaflavin-3'-gallate, theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TF-3), and the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced edema and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity. Topical application of these polyphenols onto the mouse resulted in inhibition of TPA-induced ear edema and skin epidermal ODC activity. The inhibitory order was as follows: TF-3 > TF-2 approximately equal to EGCG > TF-1. Western and Northern blots indicated that TF-3 significantly reduced the protein and mRNA levels of ODC in TPA-treated mouse skin and NIH 3T3 cells, whereas EGCG showed less activity. EGCG and TF-3 were able to inhibit the ODC enzyme activity in vitro. Furthermore, TF-3 also significantly reduced the basal promoter activity of the ODC gene in NIH 3T3 cells that were transiently transfected with ODC reporter plasmid. These results suggested that TF-3 was a potential inhibitor of ODC activity and TPA-induced edema and might be effective in cancer chemoprevention.     

Randomized controlled trial for an effect of green tea consumption on insulin resistance and inflammation markers

To study the effects of the intake of green tea and polyphenols, which are a component of green tea, on insulin resistance and systemic inflammation, a randomized controlled trial was conducted on 66 patients aged 32-73 y (53 males and 13 females) with borderline diabetes or diabetes. Subjects in the intervention group were asked to take a packet of green tea extracts/powder containing 544 mg polyphenols (456 mg catechins) daily, which was a dose that could be taken without difficulty, and were asked to divide the green tea extracts/powder in a packet into 3 or 4 fractions dissolved in hot water everyday and to take a fraction after every meal or snack for 2 mo, in addition to daily food intake. The subjects in the control group were simply followed. To calculate the level of green tea polyphenol intake that the subject usually drank at home, the subject was asked to taste 3 teas of different strengths (1, 2 and 3%) and the tea that was closest to the one that the subject drank at home, was selected by each subject. After 2 mo, the mean daily polyphenol intake in the intervention group was 747 mg, which was significantly higher than that of 469 mg in the control group. In the intervention group, the body weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, blood glucose level, Hb A1c level, insulin level and HOMA index after taking the supplementation for 2 mo, were lower than the respective value before intervention: however, these parameters in the intervention group at 2 mo did not significantly differ from those in the control group. Within the intervention group, changes in insulin level tended to be associated with changes in polyphenol intake. In addition, changes in BMI were associated with changes in blood glucose level and insulin level. In conclusion, the daily supplementary intake of 500 mg green tea polyphenols did not have clear effects on blood glucose level, Hb A1c level, insulin resistance or inflammation markers. The positive correlation between the level of polyphenol intake and insulin level warrants further studies on the effect of green tea on insulin resistance.     

Consumption of black and green tea had no effect on inflammation, haemostasis and endothelial markers in smoking healthy individuals

OBJECTIVE: Firstly, to study the effect of tea and tea polyphenols on cardiovascular risk indicators of the inflammatory system (IL6, IL1beta and TNF-alpha, CRP), and on haemostasis and endothelial proteins with an acute phase behaviour (fibrinogen, vWF, PAI-1, FVIIa and u-PA). Secondly, to study the relationship between plasma levels of antioxidants (alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene and vitamin C) and these acute-phase, cardiovascular risk indicators. DESIGN: Randomized study. SUBJECTS: Sixty-four smoking healthy volunteers were recruited by newspaper advertisements; there were five dropouts. INTERVENTION: Four-week administration of black tea, green tea, green tea polyphenol isolate and mineral water ( 13-16 per group). MEASURES: Plasma levels of the inflammatory markers IL6, IL1beta, TNF-alpha, CRP, fibrinogen, vWF, PAI-1, FVIIa and u-PA and of the antioxidants alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene and vitamin C. RESULTS: Different dosages of tea polyphenols had no effect on inflammation, haemostasis and endothelial markers. There was a significant negative correlation between the levels of the antioxidant beta-carotene and the inflammation markers IL6 and fibrinogen (r = -0.35 and r = -0.37, respectively, P<0.01) in this group of smokers. Remarkably, there was a significant positive correlation between the levels of the antioxidant alpha-tocopherol and the inflammation marker IL6 (r = 0.28, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Tea drinking had no effect on the levels of the inflammation, haemostasis and endothelial cardiovascular risk factors measured. We did observe a relationship between the antioxidant variables alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene and inflammation markers in this group of healthy smoking subjects.     

Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Is the Most Effective Cancer Chemopreventive Polyphenol in Green Tea

Green tea is a popular drink consumed daily by millions of people around the world. Previous studies have shown that some polyphenol compounds from green tea possess anticancer activities. However, systemic evaluation was limited. In this study, we determined the cancer chemopreventive potentials of 10 representative polyphenols (caffeic acid, CA; gallic acid, GA; catechin, C; epicatechin, EC; gallocatechin, GC; catechin gallate, CG; gallocatechin gallate, GCG; epicatechin gallate, ECG; epigallocatechin, EGC; and epigallocatechin gallate, EGCG), and explored their structure-activity relationship. The effect of the 10 polyphenol compounds on the proliferation of HCT-116 and SW-480 human colorectal cancer cells was evaluated using an MTS assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptotic effects were analyzed by flow cytometry after staining with propidium iodide (PI)/RNase or annexin V/PI. Among the 10 polyphenols, EGCG showed the most potent antiproliferative effects, and significantly induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and cell apoptosis. When the relationship between chemical structure and anticancer activity was examined, C and EC did not show antiproliferative effects, and GA showed some antiproliferative effects. When C and EC esterified with GA to produce CG and ECG, the antiproliferative effects were increased significantly. A similar relationship was found between EGC and EGCG. The gallic acid group significantly enhanced catechin’s anticancer potential. This property could be utilized in future semi-synthesis of flavonoid derivatives to develop novel anticancer agents.