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1.
A 14-year-old boy who was neutropenic following chemotherapy for leukemia developed fungemia caused by the yeast Kodomaea ohmeri (Pichia ohmeri). The infection was cured by catheter removal and the use of fluconazole. A 74-year-old man who had undergone surgeries for a subcutaneous tumor developed polymicrobic cellulitis involving Kodomaea ohmeri. Despite surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy, the patient died of complications. Including these 2 cases, there have been 10 Kodomaea ohmeri infections reported thus far, all occurring in patients with pre-existing conditions. There have been seven cases of fungemia and one case each of peritonitis, funguria, and cellulitis. The treatment employed varied depending on the site/source of infection. Seven patients recovered and three died. The microbiological data available suggest that Kodomaea ohmeri can be identified definitively by biochemical tests and is susceptible to amphotericin B and either susceptible to or dose dependently susceptible to itraconazole and fluconazole. 相似文献
2.
Reported here is an outbreak of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Madelia infection that occurred among 44 persons attending a silver anniversary reception in Hesse, Germany. Isolates of Salmonella Madelia are extremely unusual, and no outbreaks associated with this serotype have been reported previously. Forty-two attendees were interviewed and information was obtained from each of them regarding demographic and clinical characteristics and food consumed at the reception. Twenty-four attendees submitted stool samples for microbiological testing, and 10 of these were culture-positive for S. Madelia. Twenty-three attendees met the case definition of infection, while 18 met the clinical case definition (i.e. vomiting or diarrhoea within 3 days of consuming food at the reception) and five had asymptomatic infection with S. Madelia. The most likely vehicles of infection were tortellini and a red pesto sauce. 相似文献
3.
Infection with Campylobacter species is a predominant cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in the industrialized world. Bacteremia is detected in <1% of patients with diarrhea, mainly in immunocompromised hosts or those in the extremes of age. Reported here is the case of a 78-year-old, immunocompromised male patient with Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni bacteremia complicated by cellulitis. The infection was characterized by a protracted course with several recurrences and refractoriness to multiple antibiotic regimens, responding only to a prolonged course of meropenem treatment. The frequency of cellulitis as reflected in previously reported series of Campylobacter bacteremia and the clinical characteristics of this difficult-to-treat infection are reviewed. 相似文献
4.
Bilen MF Pilloff MG Belaich MN Da Ros VG Rodrigues JC Ribeiro BM Romanowski V Lozano ME Ghiringhelli PD 《Virus genes》2007,35(3):549-562
We have located and cloned the Anticarsia gemmatalis multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus isolate 2D (AgMNPV-2D) genomic DNA fragment containing the immediate early 1 ORF and its flanking regions. Computer assisted analysis of the complete ie1 locus nucleotide sequence information was used to locate regulatory signals in the upstream region and conserved nucleotide and
amino acid sequences. Comparative studies led to the identification of several characteristic protein motifs and to the conclusion
that AgMNPV-2D is more closely related to Choristoneura fumiferana defective NPV than to other Group I nucleopolyhedrovirus. We have also shown that the AgMNPV IE1 protein was able to transactivate an early Autographa californica MNPV promoter and its own promoter in transient expression assays. In order to investigate the biological functionality of
the ie1 promoter, the ie1 upstream activating region (UAR) was molecularly dissected and cloned upstream of the E. coli
lacZ ORF. The results obtained, after transfection of UFL-AG-286 insect cells, leading us to find that the −492 and −357 versions
contains sequence motifs important for the level of the lacZ reporter gene expression.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: ) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
The GenBank accession number of the sequence reported in this paper is AF368905. 相似文献
5.
M. E. Falagas A. C. Kastoris E. K. Vouloumanou G. Dimopoulos 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2009,28(7):719-730
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a pathogen that causes infections mainly in immunocompromised patients. However, community-acquired S. maltophilia infections have been occasionally reported. The objective of this paper was to collect and evaluate the available published
data referring to community-acquired S. maltophilia infections. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus for articles providing data for patients with community-acquired
S. maltophilia infections. Eight case series and 23 case reports (involving 77 and 26 patients with community-acquired S. maltophilia infections, respectively) were regarded as eligible for inclusion in our review. Regarding the 77 patients with community-acquired
S. maltophilia infections included in the identified case series, 45 had bacteremia, six ocular infections, five respiratory tract infections,
four wound/soft tissue infections, two urinary tract infections, one conjunctivitis, one otitis, and one cellulitis; data
were not reported for the remaining 12 patients. Comorbidity (such as malignancy, HIV infection, prior hospitalization) was
common. Data included in the eight case series regarding the outcome of infection were limited. From the 26 patients with
community-acquired S. maltophilia infections reported in the case reports, 22 were cured from the infection, whereas 4 of 26 patients died; one death was attributed
to septic shock due to S. maltophilia. Several publications report patients with community-acquired S. maltophilia infections; the majority of them refer to patients with some kind of comorbidity. Physicians should be aware that S. maltophilia infections are not restricted to hospitalized patients. 相似文献
6.
M. Friedemann 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2009,28(11):1297-1304
About 120–150 neonatal Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) infections have been described. An analysis of current case numbers, epidemiological measures and risk factors is warranted.
Data of microbiologically confirmed cases, published between 2000 and 2008, have been analysed statistically. More than 100
neonatal Cronobacter infections have been reported in this period. The overall lethality of the 67 invasive infections was 26.9%. The lethality
of Cronobacter meningitis, bacteraemia and necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) was calculated to be 41.9% (P < 0.0001), <10% and 19.0% (P < 0.05), respectively. Logistic regression models (P < 0.0001) revealed a higher gestational age at birth and parentage not from Europe as significant factors for a higher reporting
probability of neonatal Cronobacter meningitis. Neonates with Cronobacter meningitis not originating from North America have a higher risk for lethal outcome than other neonatal Cronobacter infections (P < 0.0001). Continental differences of risk factors for Cronobacter meningitis and for the lethal outcome of neonatal meningitis should be elucidated. Neonatal Cronobacter infections are mainly associated with the contamination of infant formula and of the relevant cleaning and preparation equipment.
Eleven neonatal Cronobacter infections, not caused by contaminated infant formula, have been retrieved. Other environmental sources of infection should
be considered. Consistent and sufficiently informative data of invasive neonatal Cronobacter infections should be recorded in a centralized reporting system. 相似文献
7.
Tracing origin of serrated adenomas with <Emphasis Type="Italic">BRAF</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">KRAS</Emphasis> mutations 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Lee EJ Choi C Park CK Maeng L Lee J Lee A Kim KM 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》2005,447(3):597-602
Serrated neoplasm of the colorectum raised many as-yet unanswered issues. To characterize serrated neoplasia pathway, we investigated BRAF and KRAS mutations in 35 traditional serrated adenomas. BRAF exons 11 and 15, and KRAS exon 2 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and directly sequenced. BRAF V599E mutation was found in 27 serrated adenomas (77.1%), and KRAS mutations were found in 3 (8.6%) of 35 traditional serrated adenomas. In 13 cases, mixed polyps composed of traditional serrated adenomas and hyperplastic (serrated) polyps were observed, and seven of them showed the same BRAF mutations in both components. Somatic mutations of BRAF and KRAS genes were mutually exclusive. These findings suggest that BRAF mutations are early and a critical event in the serrated adenomas, and most serrated adenomas in both sides of colon may progress from microvesicular hyperplastic polyps via BRAF mutations, and some left-sided serrated adenomas develop via KRAS mutations. 相似文献
8.
The protozoan Blastocystis hominis has been considered nonpathogenic, but this classification has come under scrutiny in light of reports in the medical literature indicating it could be the cause of intestinal disorders and, in one case, hypoalbuminemia. Reported here is a severe case of infection with B. hominis that caused acute gastroenteritis with prolonged diarrhea, hypoalbuminemia and anasarca. The diagnosis was based on the parasitological finding, since no other pathological evidence was found. The patient responded favorably to treatment with metronidazole for 10 days. This case supports the idea that B. hominis should be considered as a cause of opportunistic infection in debilitated patients despite the controversy surrounding its pathogenicity. 相似文献
9.
W. Bartchewsky M. R. Martini A. C. Squassoni M. C. Alvarez M. S. P. Ladeira D. M. F. Salvatore M. A. Trevisan J. Pedrazzoli M. L. Ribeiro 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2009,28(6):591-597
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of Helicobacter pylori on MLH1 and MGMT mRNA levels in patients with chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. The study included 217 patients, of which 26 were uninfected,
127 had chronic gastritis and were H. pylori-positive, and 64 had gastric cancer. Bacterial genotypes were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the expression
levels of MLH1 and MGMT were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. There was an association between infection with cagA, vacA s1m1 strains and gastric cancer development. When the gastric epithelium and associated inflammation were examined for expression
of MLH1 and MGMT, an overall increase in expression was observed. On the other hand, these levels decrease significantly among gastric cancer
patients. The loss of MLH1 and MGMT expression in gastric cancer patients suggests that it is not an early event in H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis. 相似文献
10.
Hirata T Nakamura H Kinjo N Hokama A Kinjo F Yamane N Fujita J 《Parasitology research》2007,101(6):1717-1719
This study was conducted to clarify the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis and Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Ryukyu University Hospital, Okinawa, Japan, between January 2004 and November 2006. Stool samples collected
from 3,292 patients were examined by the direct smear method, formalin–ether sedimentation method, and agar plate culture
method. The prevalence rate of B. hominis and S. stercoralis infection was 1.0 and 3.4%, respectively. The prevalence rate of B. hominis infection in patients aged >80 years old was significantly higher than that in patients <80 years old (P < 0.001). The prevalence rate of S. stercoralis infection was significantly higher in patients with B. hominis infection compared with those without (P < 0.001). This study demonstrated a prevalence rate for B. hominis and S. stercoralis infection and an association between B. hominis and S. stercoralis infection in Okinawa, Japan. 相似文献
11.
María del Rosario Robles James E. Loudon John M. Kinsella Mandala Hunter-Ishikawa David S. Miller Michelle L. Sauther Frank P. Cuozzo 《Acta parasitologica / Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Warszawa, Poland》2010,55(3):270-275
Lemuricola (Madoxyuris) bauchoti Chabaud, Brygoo et Petter, 1965 is redescribed from material collected from the ring-tailed lemur, Lemur catta, from the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve in Madagascar using the scanning electron microscope. This is a new host record and
the first oxyurid reported from the ring-tailed lemur. Previously, records of each species of the subgenus Madoxyuris have been restricted to a single host species, but the close relationship between these nematodes and their Strepsirrhini
hosts will only be proven when additional records fill in the gaps in their distribution. 相似文献
12.
Prevalence of Hepatozoon caimani has been reported in 76% of caimans Caiman yacare from the Pantanal region. Culex (Melanoconion) spp. mosquitoes were recently identified as natural vectors of this parasite. However, culicids are not typically eaten
by crocodilians, suggesting that the main transmission route is through ingestion of insectivorous vertebrates, such as anurans.
The susceptibility of wild frogs Leptodactylus chaquensis, Leptodactylus podicipinus and Scinax nasicus to infection by H. caimani was verified. Wild-caught anurans were force fed with sporulated oocysts from laboratory-bred Culex (Melanoconion) mosquitoes. Frogs were killed 30 days postinfection, and their internal organs were fed to caimans C. yacare and Caiman latirostris. Cystozoites were identified in fresh liver impression smears of L. chaquensis. C. yacare fed on anuran organ presented gametocytes in peripheral blood circulation between 74 and 80 days postinoculation (dpi). Gametocytes
were also verified in C. latirostris fed on the internal organs of L. podicipinus and S. nasicus between 60–70 and 69–75 dpi, respectively. Since frogs used in experiment are sympatric with C. yacare and C. latirostris and may occur in the diet of these caimans, the results suggest these amphibians are paratenic hosts in the natural transmission
cycle of H. caimani in Pantanal. 相似文献
13.
Cryptosporidium molnari was experimentally transmitted to gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrachus labrax) by oral infection with infected stomach scrapings. The infection was also cross-transmitted from infected gilthead sea bream to sea bass by cohabitation. The course of the infection was assessed after necropsy by three microscopic diagnostic methods and their sensitivity was compared. At the end of all the experiments the prevalence of infection reached 100%. In the oral experiments, both fish hosts appeared infected as early as 7 days post exposure (p.e.), but gilthead sea bream exhibited a higher intensity of infection and infection proceeded at a faster rate than in sea bass. The cellular host reaction was stronger in sea bass than in sea bream, whereas the histopathological effect was lower in the former. Transmission could be favoured by cannibalism among cohabiting fish. This is the first report on piscine Cryptosporidium transmission. The implications for the aquaculture industry are discussed. 相似文献
14.
Repeat induced point mutation (RIP) is a gene silencing mechanism present in fungal genomes. During RIP, duplicated sequences
are efficiently and irreversibly mutated by transitions from C:G to T:A. For the first time, we have identified traces of
RIP in transposable elements of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum, two biotechnologically relevant fungi. We found that RIP in P. chrysogenum has affected a large set of sequences, which also contain other mutations. On the other hand, RIP in A. niger is limited to only few sequences, but literally all mutations are RIP-like. Surprisingly, RIP occurred only in transposon
sequences that have disrupted open reading frames in A. niger, a phenomenon not yet reported for other fungi. In both fungal species, we identified two sequences with strong sequence
similarity to Neurospora crassa RID. RID is a putative DNA methyltransferase and the only known enzyme involved in the RIP process. Our findings suggest
that both A. niger and P. chrysogenum either had a sexual past or have a sexual potential. These findings have important implications for future strain development
of these fungi. 相似文献
15.
Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) is a bipartite begomovirus infecting cassava in India and Sri Lanka. We have used
Agrobacterium-mediated inoculation (agroinoculation) of cloned SLCMV DNA to inoculate additional hosts, Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis. Although SLCMV infection in these hosts caused stunting, leaf deformation and developmental abnormalities,
accumulation levels of viral DNA in the infected plants suggested that this virus was poorly adapted to them. In the natural
host, cassava, agroinoculation produced infection at a low frequency. The monopartite nature of SLCMV, reported earlier in
N. benthamiana, was maintained in the new hosts as well as in cassava. 相似文献
16.
Horses naturally infected by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trypanosoma vivax</Emphasis> in southern Brazil
In this study, we reported the first outbreak of the infection by Trypanosoma vivax in horses in southern Brazil, a non-endemic region where bovines have only recently been found infected by this trypanosome
species. We evaluated 12 horses from a farm in southern Brazil, where four horses displayed pale mucous membranes, fever,
weight loss, and swelling of abdomen, prepuce, or vulva. The diagnosis of T. vivax was confirmed in four horses by morphological parameters of trypomastigotes in blood smears and species-specific PCR. All
T. vivax-infected animals showed anemia, and most showed increased levels of beta-1, beta-2, and gamma globulins. Horses were treated
with diminazene aceturate, but cure was not achieved, and the disease relapsed after therapy. These findings demonstrated
that Brazilian T. vivax isolates, which were already reported infecting cattle, buffaloes, goats, and sheep, can be highly pathogenic for horses,
causing severe disease and even death of the animals due to the recurrence of the infection. 相似文献
17.
The present study was conducted to investigate the increasing incidence of Achromobacter (previously Alcaligenes) xylosoxidans isolates being recovered from sputum samples of cystic fibrosis patients at a cystic fibrosis department for adults in Athens, Greece. During the 1-year study period, a total of 34 isolates were detected persistently in 9 of 71 cystic fibrosis patients. The isolates exhibited resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. Isolates that were recovered repeatedly from each patient exhibited identical macrorestriction profiles with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, indicating that the same strain persisted in the lungs of these patients. Isolates from five of the patients were genetically related, suggesting a common-source outbreak of Achromobacter xylosoxidans colonization or infection. 相似文献
18.
A.?Koskela ?.?Nilsdotter-Augustinsson L.?Persson B.?S?derquist 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2009,28(6):655-660
Joint replacement surgery has improved the quality of life for hundreds of thousands of patients. However, the infection of
a joint implant is an important and serious complication, though the prevalence is low. Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most important pathogen involved in foreign-body infections. S. epidermidis is also a commensal that comprises a substantial part of the normal skin flora of humans. The possibility to demonstrate
potential specific virulence markers may facilitate the interpretation of the bacteriological findings, as well as the clinical
decision. The prevalence of the ica locus and insertion sequence IS256 by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) among 32 clinical S. epidermidis isolates from prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) and 24 commensal isolates from nares and skin was investigated. Sixteen
(50%) of the 32 PJI isolates harbored the ica operon compared with one-third of the commensal isolates obtained from the samples of the skin and nares of healthy individuals.
The IS256 was demonstrated in 26 (81%) out of 32 PJI isolates. By contrast, IS256 was found in one of 24 commensal isolates. In conclusion, IS256 may be superior to the ica operon as a marker of the invasive capacity of S. epidermidis, since it was found in most of the PJI isolates, but rarely among commensals. 相似文献
19.
Karina?M.?Rebello Luzia?M.?C.?C?rtes Bernardo?A.?S.?Pereira Bernardo?M.?O.?Pascarelli Suzana?C?rte-Real Léa?C.?Finkelstein Rosa?T.?Pinho Claudia?M.?d’Avila-Levy Carlos?R.?Alves 《Parasitology research》2009,106(1):95-104
Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is the major causative agent of American tegumentary leishmaniasis, a disease that has a wide geographical distribution and
is a severe public health problem. The cysteine proteinase B (CPB) from Leishmania spp. represents an important virulence factor. In this study, we characterized and localized cysteine proteinases in L. (V.) braziliensis promastigotes. By a combination of triton X-114 extraction, concanavalin A-affinity, and ion exchange chromatographies, we
obtained an enriched fraction of hydrophobic proteins rich in mannose residues. This fraction contained two proteinases of
63 and 43 kDa, which were recognized by a CPB antiserum, and were partially sensitive to E-64 in enzymatic assays with the
peptide Glu-Phe-Leu. In confocal microscopy, the CPB homologues localized in the peripheral region of the parasite. This data
together with direct agglutination and flow cytometry assays suggest a surface localization of the CPB homologues. The incubation
of intact promastigotes with phospholipase C reduced the number of CPB-positive cells, while anti-cross-reacting determinant
and anti-CPB antisera recognized two polypeptides (63 and 43 kDa) derived from phospholipase C treatment, suggesting that
some CPB isoforms may be glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored. Collectively, our results suggest the presence of CPB homologues
in L. braziliensis surface and highlight the need for further studies on L. braziliensis cysteine proteinases, which require enrichment methods for enzymatic detection. 相似文献
20.
Spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltMNPV) p24 gene is 753 bp long, potentially encoding 244 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 27.3 kDa. Homology analysis indicated that SpltMNPV P24 has 20–36% amino acid identity with that of other known baculoviruses. RT-PCR results showed that the p24 gene is transcribed actively at the late stage of infection and the mRNA start site was mapped within a consensus baculovirus late promoter sequence (ATAAG). Western blot analysis of extracts from SpltMNPV-infected S. litura cells detected a specific 28 kDa protein, and this protein was not N-glycosylated. Structural localization revealed that SpltMNPV P24 was associated with the nucleocapsid of occlusion-derived virus (ODV) as a complex form of 83 kDa. 相似文献