腹腔镜手术治疗子宫内膜异位症伴不孕104例

目的探讨腹腔镜手术治疗子宫内膜异位症伴不孕的妊娠结局及影响术后妊娠的有关因素。方法我院2006年1月-2007年1月对子宫内膜异位症合并不孕104例（r-AFS分期：Ⅰ期19例、Ⅱ期15例、Ⅲ期36例、Ⅳ期34例）,均行腹腔镜下子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术及盆腔腹膜内异灶减灭术,对有粘连者行盆腔粘连分解术,同时通过宫腔镜经子宫向输卵管注入亚甲蓝液,行输卵管通液检查了解输卵管通畅情况,对输卵管不通或通而不畅的患者进行输卵管整形术以恢复其功能。术后均服用孕三烯酮3-6个月,随访术后妊娠情况。结果104例腹腔镜手术均成功完成。术后妊娠率38.5%（40/104）,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期子宫内膜异位症术后妊娠率分别为42.1%（8/19）、40.0%（6/15）、36.1%（13/36）、38.2%（13/34）,差别无统计学意义（χ^2=0.206,P=0.977）。单纯卵巢巧克力囊肿术后妊娠率为54.8%（23/42）,卵巢巧克力囊肿同时合并其他部位和仅其他部位内膜异位症术后妊娠率分别为22.9%（8/35）和33.3%（9/27）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=8.616,P=0.013）。右侧卵巢巧克力囊肿术后妊娠率为81.3%（13/16）,高于左侧35.7%（5/14）和双侧41.7%（5/12）（χ^2=7.412,P=0.025）。结论腹腔镜手术治疗子宫内膜异位症合并不孕有较好的妊娠结局,r-AFS分期可能对术后妊娠无明显影响,内异症病灶部位、巧克力囊肿侧别可能与术后妊娠有关。     

影响子宫内膜异位症不孕患者腹腔镜手术后妊娠率的多因素分析

目的探讨影响子宫内膜异位症（内异症）不孕患者腹腔镜术后妊娠率的相关因素,为临床治疗提供依据。方法回顾分析2006年8月-2010年8月60例内异症不孕患者（Ⅰ、Ⅱ期19例,Ⅲ期26例,Ⅳ期15例）腹腔镜术后的妊娠情况,并对相关的影响因素进行logistic回归分析。结果术后妊娠率为33．3％（20／60）,其中术后妊娠时间≤12个月16例,〉12个月4例。logistic回归分析显示,与内异症不孕患者术后妊娠率相关的因素有输卵管通畅情况（OR：5．304,95％CI=1．123－25．045,P：0．035）、术后联合用药（OR=6．080,95％CI=1．077－34．339,P=0．041）、术后接受助孕（OR=8．477,95％CI=1．469－48．911,P=0．017）。结论输卵管通畅、术后用药和术后接受助孕是影响内异症不孕患者腹腔镜术后妊娠率的相关因素,临床上应加强对这部分人群的干预,有望提高术后妊娠率。     

影响腹腔镜下输卵管修复联合防粘连剂术后妊娠率和妊娠结局的多因素分析

目的探讨影响输卵管性不孕患者行腹腔镜输卵管修复联合防粘连剂术后妊娠率和妊娠结局的因素,比较术中使用氧化可再生纤维素膜(Interceed)与医用透明质酸钠凝胶(欣可聆)对术后妊娠的影响。方法随访我院2009年5月～2010年5月因输卵管性不孕行腹腔镜下输卵管修复整形术的172例的妊娠率和妊娠结局,对影响输卵管性不孕术后妊娠的有关因素(包括年龄、不孕年限、既往腹腔镜手术史、不孕类型、术前子宫输卵管碘油造影提示的输卵管通畅情况、术中亚甲蓝通畅情况、输卵管盆腔分度)进行多因素Logistic回归分析。并根据术中使用的防粘连剂分为Interceed组和欣可聆组,比较2组术后妊娠率及妊娠结局。结果 172例中术后妊娠46例,妊娠率26.7%(46/172)。其中异位妊娠7例,自然流产4例,活产率76.1%(35/46)。172例中输卵管盆腔病变轻度、中度、重度的妊娠率分别为50.0%(7/14)、32.9%(27/82)和15.8%(12/76)(χ2=10.120,P=0.006),其余各项因素均无显著性。经Logistic多因素回归分析,输卵管盆腔病变分度是影响术后妊娠率的主要因素(Waldχ2=9.494,P=0.002)。Interceed组和欣可聆组的妊娠率分别为27.9%(24/86)和25.6%(22/86)(χ2=0.119,P=0.730),活产率分别为79.2%(19/24)和72.7%(16/22)(χ2=0.262,P=0.609),差异均无显著性。结论输卵管盆腔病变分度是术后妊娠的主要影响因素,输卵管性不孕腹腔镜术中使用Interceed或欣可聆患者的妊娠结局无差异。     

腹腔镜下子宫悬吊术辅助治疗子宫内膜异位症的疗效探讨

目的　探讨腹腔镜下子宫悬吊术 (悬吊术 )在辅助手术与药物治疗子宫内膜异位症 (内异症 )中的作用与疗效。　方法　回顾性分析腹腔镜手术治疗内异症 64例 ,其中 2 1例将子宫圆韧带悬吊固定于子宫两侧副穿孔的腹直肌前鞘上 (研究组 ) ,43例未行悬吊术 (对照组 )。　结果　术后随访 (2～ 6)年 (1)痛经完全缓解 :研究组 94.1% ,对照组 87.5 % (χ2 =7.2 3 ,P <0 .0 1)。 (2 )两组均无术后复发。 (3 )术后妊娠率 :去除其他不孕病因与原因 ,研究组 92 .9%(13 /14 ) ,对照组 77.3 % (17/2 2 ) (χ2 =8.5 9,P <0 .0 0 1)。 (4 )研究组妊娠 13例 ,无不良妊娠与分娩 ;对照组妊娠 17例中有不良妊娠 5例。 (5 ) 3 0例中 2 8例于停药 1年内妊娠 ,2例于 1～ 2年后妊娠。　结论　悬吊术不仅有助于纠正后位子宫 ,防止术后再粘连 ,缓解或减轻疼痛症状 ,而且有助于恢复盆腔解剖关系 ,提高术后妊娠率     

宫、腹腔镜联合诊治输卵管性不孕症改进手术方法后的妊娠结局北大核心CSCD

目的探讨宫、腹腔镜联合治疗输卵管性不孕的手术方法改进后的妊娠结局。方法 2007年1月~2010年12月77例因输卵管因素导致的不孕接受传统宫、腹腔腔镜联合治疗（传统组）,并与2011年1月~2014年1月138例输卵管性不孕症接受改进手术方法的宫、腹腔镜联合治疗（改进组）进行回顾性比较,电话随访了解术后妊娠情况。结果 2组均在宫、腹腔镜下顺利完成手术。改进组术中输卵管通畅情况显示通畅203条,通而不畅44条,不通27条;传统组通畅101条,通而不畅23条,不通30条,2组比较比较有统计学意义（Z=-2.189,P=0.029）。改进组术后1年内宫内自然妊娠率74.3%（101/136）,显著高于传统组59.7%（46/77）（χ2=4.850,P=0.028）。结论宫、腹腔镜改进手术技巧诊治输卵管性不孕可提高复通率和复孕率,是输卵管性不孕症理想的诊治手段,值得推广。     

腹腔镜下不同术式治疗输卵管妊娠后生殖状态的比较

目的探讨输卵管妊娠在腹腔镜下采取不同手术方式对术后再次妊娠的影响。方法回顾性分析2001年1月～2007年1月对150例输卵管妊娠希望保留生育功能施行腹腔镜手术随访2年的临床资料,根据手术方式不同分为2组：A组72例,行输卵管开窗取胚术;B组78例,行输卵管切除术,比较2种不同手术方式对术后妊娠的影响。结果 A组与B组宫内妊娠率分别为43.1%（31/72）、35.9%（28/78）,2组比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.804,P=0.370）;异位妊娠率分别为20.8%（15/72）、7.6%（6/78）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.370,P=0.020）。结论输卵管妊娠行腹腔镜下保留患侧输卵管的手术（但无统计学意义）,虽然宫内妊娠率略高于输卵管切除术,但增加了再次异位妊娠的发生率,故应慎重选择。     

宫、腹腔镜联合诊治不孕症合并子宫中隔110例分析

目的探讨宫、腹腔镜诊治不孕症合并子宫中隔的临床价值，子宫中隔与不孕的关系。方法回顾分析我院1994年6月～2005年6月110例不孕症合并子宫中隔进行宫、腹腔镜联合手术的临床资料，其中原发不孕78例，继发不孕32例：分析不孕原因和宫、腹腔镜联合手术的诊治效果。结果110例中40．0％（44／110）为不明原因的不孕症。随访至2006年3月，82例列入统计，术后妊娠率为45．1％（37／82），原发不孕组术后妊娠率为46．6％（27／58），继发不孕组术后妊娠率为41．7％（10／24），2组比较无显著性差异（X^2=0．164，P=0．686）；不明原因不孕患者术后妊娠率为51．2％（22／43），有其他因素的不孕患者术后妊娠率为38．5％（15／39），二者比较无显著性差异（X^2=1．332，P=0．248）。不明原因不孕患者中，原发不孕患者术后妊娠率为56．7％（17／30），继发不孕患者术后妊娠率为38．5％（5／13）。结论不孕症合并子宫中隔应进行宫、腹腔镜联合手术，术后妊娠率提高，不孕症可能与子宫中隔畸形有一定的关系。     

腹腔镜与开腹子宫肌壁间肌瘤剔除手术的比较

目的探讨腹腔镜在子宫肌壁间肌瘤剔除术中的临床应用价值。方法2006年1月～2007年12月对120例子宫肌壁间肌瘤按随机数字表法分组并征求患者同意后,52例行腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剔除术（腹腔镜组）,68例行开腹子宫肌瘤剔除术（开腹组）,对2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后病率、并发症、住院时间、术后随访情况进行比较。结果手术时间腹腔镜组长于开腹组[（106.3±54.9）minvs（66.5±7.3）min,t=5.918,P=0.000];术中出血量腹腔镜组略少于开腹组[10～300ml（中位数50ml）vs20～200ml（中位数50ml）,Z=-1.998,P=0.046];术后病率腹腔镜组显著低于开腹组[7.7%（4/52）vs30.9%（21/68）,χ2=9.608,P=0.002];并发症发生率腹腔镜组与开腹组相似[3.8%（2/52）vs8.3%（3/36）,χ2=0.000,P=1.000];住院时间腹腔镜组明显短于开腹组[（7.5±1.4）dvs（10.4±1.2）d,t=-12.201,P=0.000];术后随访时间腹腔镜组与开腹组相似[（9.7±2.3）月vs（9.6±1.8）月,t=0.267,P=0.790],均无复发;腹腔镜组术后月经恢复正常率与开腹组相似[94.4%（17/18）vs90.5%（19/21）,χ2=0.000,P=1.000]。结论腹腔镜下子宫肌壁间肌瘤剔除术与开腹手术相比效果无差异,术后恢复优于开腹手术,是一种理想的手术方式。     

腹腔镜手术联合促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗子宫内膜异位症疗效的比较研究

目的探讨腹腔镜手术联合促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)治疗子宫内膜异位症的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2008年1月~2012年1月行腹腔镜手术治疗的205例子宫内膜异位症患者资料,根据术后是否接受GnRH-a治疗及术后接受GnRH-a治疗的时间分成3组:A组单纯行腹腔镜手术(73例),B组术后亮丙瑞林治疗3个月(68例),C组术后亮丙瑞林治疗6个月(64例)。术后随访24个月,对比分析3组复发率及妊娠率。结果 B、C组1年内复发率分别为4.4%(3/68)、3.1%(2/64),均低于A组13.7%(10/73),C组显著低于A组(χ2=4.771,P=0.029),B组与A组差异无显著性(χ2=3.628,P=0.057);B、C组累积复发率分别为13.2%(9/68)、10.9%(7/64),显著低于A组27.4%(20/73)(χ2=4.322,P=0.038;χ2=5.839,P=0.016)。3组术后2年内自然妊娠率差异无显著性(χ2=0.812,P=0.666),体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)妊娠者,B、C两组妊娠率[78.9%(15/19)、80.0%(16/20)]明显高于A组47.6%(10/21)(χ2=4.177,P=0.041;χ2=4.630,P=0.031)。结论腹腔镜联合GnRH-a治疗子宫内膜异位症疗效满意,可有效降低复发率,对腹腔镜术后行IVF-ET者于术后应用3~6个月GnRH-a可提高妊娠率。     

腹腔镜联合药物治疗子宫内膜异位症不孕患者的疗效观察

目的探讨子宫内膜异位症(内异症)不孕患者腹腔镜术后辅助药物治疗的疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2005年至2010年收治的135例内异症不孕患者的病例资料,按照内异症生育指数的评分标准(EFI)计算生育指数。将治疗结束后的患者分为:A组,单纯腹腔镜手术治疗组;B组,术后联合促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)治疗组;C组,术后联合孕三烯酮治疗组。经过3年随访,比较三组患者治疗后的妊娠率,以及不同EFI分值的患者治疗后的自然妊娠率。结果135例患者有113例完成随访。A组、B组和C组病例数分别为35例、41例和37例。治疗后半年、1年和3年的累计妊娠率在A组分别为11.4%、31.4%和42.9%;B组分别为0%、19.5%和34.1%;C组分别为0%、16.2%和32.4%。三组间1年和3年累计妊娠率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。EFI 8~10分的53例患者,1年累计妊娠率32.2%,3年累计妊娠率50.9%;EFI 5~7分的56例患者,1年累计妊娠率16.1%,3年累计妊娠率25.0%;EFI 0~4分仅有4例,术后1例未用药,其余3例均使用GnRH-a治疗,无一例妊娠。不同EFI分值段的患者比较1年和3年累计妊娠率有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜术后联合药物治疗不能增加自然妊娠率,不推荐对有生育要求的患者术后辅助药物治疗;EFI对预测治疗后的妊娠率有一定价值,EFI评分7分以下患者治疗后的自然妊娠率较低,建议尽快辅助生育。     

腹腔镜下单极电针烧灼治疗多囊卵巢综合征

目的 评估对克罗米芬耐药的多囊卵巢综合征的不孕妇女进行腹腔镜下单极电针烧灼、穿刺治疗后的行经情况,排卵率、生殖结果及粘连形成情况。方法 对28例克罗米芬耐药的多囊卵巢综合征的不孕妇女行腹腔镜下单极电针烧灼,穿刺双侧卵巢,术后监测月经情况,自发排卵率,妊娠率,粘连形成情况。结果 术后月经规则者100%,自发排卵发生率85.7%(24/28),术后受孕率42.8%(12/28),对4例术后6-12个月又出现闭经,月经稀发,经克罗米芬治疗无效的未孕妇女进行了第二次腹腔镜手术,发现2例有卵巢表面微小、膜状疏松粘连,2例第二次手术后自然妊娠。结论 腹腔镜下单极电针烧灼、穿刺双侧卵巢是治疗对克罗米芬耐药的多囊卵巢综合征所致无排卵的有效治疗方法,手术方便,易行,术后无卵巢过度刺激综合征发生,手术所致卵巢表面的创伤小,术后仅少数病人发生卵巢表面轻度粘连,对手术治疗后复发病人行再次手术仍然有效。     

Management of surgical complications of previous bariatric surgery in pregnant women. A systematic review from the BARIA-MAT Study Group

Considering the large and increasing population of women of childbearing age with history of bariatric surgery, surgical complications of bariatric surgery during pregnancy may become more frequent in the future. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, and treatment of surgical complications of bariatric surgery during pregnancies. A systematic literature search was performed in accordance with the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis) guidelines to identify all studies published up to and including December 2018 that included women with previous bariatric surgery undergoing emergency surgery during pregnancy. Sixty-eight studies were selected, including 120 women with previous bariatric surgery undergoing emergency surgery during pregnancy. Fifty cases were reported as case reports and 70 in case series. Included patients had previous history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 99), laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (n = 17), Scopinaro procedure (n = 2), vertical banded gastroplasty (n = 1), or one-anastomosis gastric bypass (n = 1). Final diagnosis in 50 case reports was internal hernia in 26 cases, bowel intussusception in 10, intestinal obstruction in 2, laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding slippage in 3, bowel volvulus in 3, gastric or jejunal perforation in 2, and other complications in 4 cases. Maternal and fetal death occurred in 3 (2.5%) and 9 cases (7.5%), respectively. In the case series, the majority of women were operated for internal hernia and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding slippage. Surgical complications of previous bariatric surgery during pregnancy have potentially severe outcomes. Availability of multidisciplinary expertise, including bariatric/digestive surgeons, and education of healthcare providers and women on clinical signs that require urgent surgical examination are recommended in this setting. Prompt diagnosis is fundamental and based on clinical and laboratory findings and on radiologic examinations if needed, including computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance if available. Rapid surgical exploration is mandatory in case of high clinical and/or radiologic suspicion.     

Laparoscopic refundoplications after failed antireflux surgery

BACKGROUND: Open and laparoscopic antireflux procedures may require reoperation for failures of the initial procedure in about 3% to 6% of cases. The purpose of this study is to describe our operative experiences, postoperative results, and patients' view of outcome following laparoscopic refundoplication. METHODS: Thirty patients (18 men, 12 women), mean age 56 years (range 37 to 77) underwent laparoscopic redo surgery. In 18 patients the initial surgery was done by the open technique, and 3 had surgery twice previously. Twelve patients had previous laparoscopic antireflux surgery. Indications for redo surgery were recurrent reflux (n = 17), dysphagia (n = 6), and the combination of both (n = 7). RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients were completed laparoscopically, 21 with a floppy Nissen and 7 with a Toupet fundoplication. Two patients were converted to the open procedure because of intraoperative technical problems. In 5 cases there was an injury to the stomach wall, successfully managed laparoscopically. Postoperatively 1 patient had dysphagia and required pneumatic dilatation, another had gas bloat. There was a significant increase in lower esophageal sphincter pressure at 3 months (12.4+/-4.8 mm Hg; n = 30) and 1 year (12.3+/-4.5 mm Hg; n = 30). Twenty-four hour pH monitoring showed a decrease of the DeMeester Score at 3 months after surgery from 14.7+/-10.6 (n = 30) and 1 year after surgery from 12.1+/-8.7 (n = 30). Gastrointestinal quality of life index increased from 87 points preoperatively to 121 at 3 months and 123 at 1 year, which is comparable with a healthy population (123 points). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic refundoplication is a feasible and effective procedure with excellent postoperative results, independent of whether the primary procedure was done by the open or laparoscopic technique.     

Spectrum of Endoscopic Findings and Therapy in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms after Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery

Background: More should be known about the spectrum of endoscopic abnormalities and treatments in patients with upper gastrointestinal (UGI) symptoms after laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Methods: Patients referred for endoscopic evaluation of UGI symptoms after laparoscopic bariatric surgery were studied. Clinical manifestations, endoscopic findings and therapy were recorded and correlated. Results: 76 patients who had undergone laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty (LVBG) and 28 who had undergone laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP) underwent 160 instances of upper endoscopy. The symptoms included nausea or vomiting (n=47, 29.4%), epigastric discomfort (n=44, 27.5%), UGI bleeding (n=26, 16.3%), heartburn or acid regurgitation (n=26, 16.3%), dysphagia (n=10, 6.3%) and anemia with dizziness (n=7, 4.4%). The endoscopic diagnosis consisted of normal findings (n=57, 35.6%), marginal ulcer (n=39, 24.4%), erosive esophagitis or esophageal ulcer (n=21, 13.1%), food impaction (n=21, 13.1%), stenosis or stricture (n=14, 8.8%), gastric ulcer (n=7, 4.4%), and duodenal ulcer (n=1, 0.6%). Patients with UGI bleeding, dysphagia and LRYGBP tended to have endoscopic abnormalities (P<0.001, P=0.09 and P=0.021, respectively). Endoscopic therapy was successful in resolving the complications including stenosis, UGI bleeding and food impaction. Conclusions: Endoscopy is an essential method of combining relevant endoscopic findings and therapeutic intervention in symptomatic patients following laparoscopic bariatric surgery.     

Laparoscopic versus open myomectomy: a double-blind study to evaluate postoperative pain

The advantages of laparoscopic over open surgery have been documented in nonblinded settings. Our prospective, double-blind setting evaluated pain scores 72 h after surgery by comparing patients who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy or with laparotomy. Forty women referred for conservative myomectomy were included in the study. After stratification (myoma size, number of myomas, and surgeon), patients were randomized to either laparoscopy (n = 19) or laparotomy (n = 21) and received a standardized anesthesia and patient-controlled analgesia for 24 h after surgery. Identical wound dressings were applied to blind the patient and the observer to the surgical approach. The postoperative pain scores were documented on a visual analog scale (VAS; 0 = no and 10 = unbearable pain) at 24, 48, and 72 h after surgery. As the primary outcome variable, we calculated the mean overall VAS-score at these time points. P < 0.05 (t-test and analysis of covariance) was considered statistically significant. There were no differences in patient characteristics among the groups. The mean overall VAS score at 24, 48, and 72 h was statistically significantly lower in the laparoscopic group compared with the laparotomy group (2.28 +/- 1.38 versus 4.03 +/- 1.63; P < 0.01). Our data demonstrate, for the first time in a double-blind setting, that laparoscopic myomectomy reduces postoperative pain for 72 h after surgery compared with laparotomy.     

Preoperative risk factors for intraabdominal adhesions should not contraindicate surgical laparoscopy for infertility

OBJECTIVE: Abdominal wall adhesions at laparoscopy may predispose infertile patients to access-related injuries and increase the complexity of the procedure. We have observed concern from referring physicians regarding the safety of surgical laparoscopy in infertile patients who previously underwent surgery because of the risk of abdominal adhesions. To assess the risk of intraabdominal adhesions at laparoscopy, a retrospective cohort study was performed. METHODS: All infertile patients who underwent a reproductive laparoscopic procedure in a 6-year period at our institution were included in this study. A chart review was performed to obtain demographic/surgical data and identify preoperative risk factors for intraabdominal adhesions. Operative videotapes were reviewed to determine the presence and location of adhesions. Standard statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: During the study period, 254 infertile patients underwent reproductive surgical laparoscopy, and videotapes on 164 (65%) were available for review. A total of 88 patients (54%) were identified with preoperative risk factors for intraabdominal adhesions (group 1), while 76 (46%) had no risk factors (group 2). The relative risk of adhesions was 1.34 (95% CI, range 0.89 to 2.01, P=0.18) when risk factors were identified. There were no differences in the groups regarding patient age, operative time, access technique, conversion to open surgery, or complications. Estimated blood loss was significantly higher in group 2, likely due to the predominance of laparoscopic surgery for ovarian endometriomata and complexity of the cases rather than the presence or absence of intraabdominal adhesion risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: No difference existed in the risk of intraabdominal adhesions in infertile patients with and without identifiable preoperative risk factors. Preoperative risk factors for intraabdominal adhesions should not contraindicate the surgical laparoscopic approach for reproductive procedures.     

浸润性膀胱癌腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术43例

目的 探讨腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除的手术方法和临床体会.方法 自2003年12月至2006年10月我们对43例浸润性膀胱癌患者实施了腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术.手术采用经腹腔入路5部位穿刺法.结果 43例手术中,18例行输尿管皮肤造口术,25例行回肠膀胱术.2例因术中损伤直肠中转开腹行直肠修补术,1例术后放置肛管引流1周,另1例则行乙状结肠造瘘术.41例手术获得成功,腹腔镜下切除全膀胱连同淋巴结清扫的手术时间为140～270 min,平均195.4 min;术中出血150～700 ml,平均273.7 ml,术中术后输血3例;术后2～3 d下床活动;术后病理示3例盆腔淋巴结阳性.结论 腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术治疗浸润性膀胱癌安全可行,能明显减小手术创伤、减少手术并发症、缩短患者恢复时间.     

Korean hand acupressure reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynecological laparoscopic surgery

To investigate the effectiveness of prophylactic Korean hand acupressure in the prevention of postoperative vomiting in women scheduled for minor gynecological laparoscopic surgery, we conducted a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study. In one group (n = 40), acupressure was performed 30 min before the induction of anesthesia by using special acupressure seeds, which were fixed onto the Korean hand acupuncture point K-K9 and remained there for at least 24 h. The second group (n = 40) functioned as the Placebo group. The treatment groups did not differ with regard to demographics, surgical procedure, or anesthetic administered. In the Acupressure group, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly less (40% and 22.5%) than in the Placebo group (70% and 50%). We conclude that Korean hand acupressure of the acupuncture point K-K9 is an effective method for reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting in women after minor gynecological laparoscopic surgery. IMPLICATIONS: This randomized study was performed to investigate the antiemetic effect of the Korean hand acupuncture point K-K9. Acupressure of K-K9 reduces the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in female patients after minor gynecological laparoscopic surgery.     

Cytogenetic and andrological status and ICSI-results in couples with severe male factor infertility

Aim: To pursue whether cytogenetic aberrations correlate with specific spermatological or hormonal abnormalities.Methods: 305 infertile couples were investigated. All male partners were referred to a complete andrological workup with physical examination, determination of hormones, HIV testing and semen analysis. Cytogenetic analysis was carried out in both partners by means of standard techniques using cultured lymphocytes from peripheral blood. Results: Among the 305 couples, 10 men (3.2%) and 10 women (3.2%) showed constitutional chromosomal aberrations, including reciprocal translocations (n=7), Robertsonian translocations (n=3), inversions (n=3), other structural aberrations (n=4) and sex chromosome aberrations (n=3). In addition to the impaired sperm count in most of the patients, a tendency to an increased proportion of spermatozoa with acrosome defect was observed. Conclusion. Chromosomal aberrations may contribute to the low fertilization and pregnancy rates in the infertile couples.(Asian J Androl 2000 Dec;2:293-296)