HPLC法同时测定参麦注射液中9个人参皂苷的含量

目的:采用高效液相色谱法同时测定参麦注射液中9个人参皂苷的含量.方法:采用Waters Symmetry C18 Synergi色谱柱(250mmx4.6mm,5mm),柱温:30℃,以0.05%磷酸水溶液和乙腈进行梯度洗脱;流速:1mL·min-1,检测波长为203nm.结果:9个成分基本分离,线性关系良好,平均回收...     

Rapid simultaneous determination for organophosphorus pesticides in human serum by LC-MS

A simple and rapid method was developed for measuring 10 organophosphorus pesticides (acephate, methidathion, dichlorvos, fenthion, EPN, diazinon, phenthoate, malathion, fenitrothion, and cyanophos) in the serum of acute poisoning patients by LC/MS. Following deproteinization by acetonitrile, an aliquot of the biological sample was injected into a C(18) column using 10mM ammonium formate-methanol as the mobile phase. Extraction recoveries were satisfactory and ranged between 60.0 and 108.1% in serum. The limits of detection (LODs) in serum ranged from 0.125 to 1 microg/ml, and the limits of quantitation (LOQs) ranged from 0.25 to 1.25 microg/ml. An excellent linearity was observed for these LOQs up to 8 microg/ml. Intra- and interassay precision and accuracy were satisfactory for most of the pesticides analyzed. In terms of temperature stability, of all the organophosphorus compounds analyzed, dichlorvos and malathion exhibited the most rapid degradations over 24h at room temperature. Methidathion and diazinon remained relatively stable at all temperatures during the entire 4-week testing period. The present method was successfully applied to one actual case of acute poisoning. In conclusion, this method is simple, accurate, and useful for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides and should benefit both clinical and forensic toxicology.     

High-speed simultaneous determination of nine antiepileptic drugs using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

Therapeutic drug monitoring of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is important and widely practiced. However, simultaneous AED assays usually concentrate only on old or new AEDs. A new simultaneous assay was developed to monitor both older and newer AEDs in the same sample. This assay measures zonisamide (ZNS), lamotrigine (LTG), topiramate (TPM), phenobarbital (PB), phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), carbamazepine-10,11-diol (CBZ-Diol), 10-hydroxycarbamazepine (MHD), and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZ-E). Sample pretreatment consisted of a single solid-phase extraction (SPE) for all AEDs in a 100-microL plasma sample. HPLC separation was achieved on a Shimdazu Shimpack XR-ODS (4.6 id x 50 mm, 2.2-mum) column with a gradient mobile phase of acetate buffer, methanol, acetonitrile, and tetrahydrofuran. Four internal standards were used. Detection was achieved by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) in selected-ion monitoring (SIM) mode with constant polarity switching. High recovery (88%-96%) was obtained for all compounds by SPE. Linearity was observed throughout an 80-fold concentration range, with correlation coefficient (r) values higher than 0.99 for all AEDs. For the standards, the accuracy ranged from 89.3% to 111.8%. The within-run coefficient of variation (CVw) value was < or =9.7%, the between-run coefficient of variation (CVb) was < or =16.2%, and the total variability (CVt) was < or =16.8%. For the quality controls (QCs), accuracy ranged from 89.3% to 108.8%, CVw was < or =9.6%, CVb was < or =14.1%, and CVt was < or =15.1%. The correlation r values for comparison of this assay with existing validated assays in our laboratory (GC-MS or LC-MS) were 0.95, 0.91, 0.87, 0.95, and 0.95 for PHT, LTG, CBZ, CBZ-E, and CBZ-Diol, respectively.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定人血浆中辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸

目的:建立LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸。方法:血浆样本以乙醚-二氯甲烷(3∶2)液液萃取后,选用Inertsil ODS-SP色谱柱(75 mm×2.1 mm,3μm),以乙腈-1 mmol.L-1乙酸铵(pH 4.50)(75∶25)为流动相,流速为0.25 mL.min-1;选用API3200型三重四极杆串联质谱仪的多重反应监测(MRM)扫描方式进行监测,电喷雾离子化源,同一分析周期内正负离子扫描切换。辛伐他汀及其内标洛伐他汀采用正离子检测,选择监测离子反应分别为m/z 436.4→m/z199.3(辛伐他汀)和m/z 405.4→m/z 199.3(洛伐他汀);辛伐他汀酸及其内标洛伐他汀酸采用负离子检测,选择监测离子反应分别为m/z 435.3→m/z 115.0(辛伐他汀酸)和m/z 421.2→m/z 101.0(洛伐他汀酸)。结果:辛伐他汀、洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀酸、洛伐他汀酸的保留时间分别为2.78,2.33,1.47,1.38 min;血浆中辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸的线性范围均为0.100～15.0μg.L-1(r>0.9950),定量下限均为0.100μg.L-1;日内、日间精密度(RSD)均小于15%;准确度(RE)均在±15%的范围以内;辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸的平均提取回收率分别为(77.9±2.6)%和(86.1±6.1)%;平均基质效应因子分别为(95.3±4.5)%和(73.2±3.5)%;稳定性试验中,在各种贮存条件下血浆中辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸均较稳定。结论:该方法专属性强,灵敏度高,重现性好,适用于辛伐他汀临床药代动力学研究。     

LC-MS/MS法同时测定CUMS大鼠血浆中3种单胺类神经递质

目的建立测定大鼠血浆中五羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)的LC-MS/MS方法,观察慢性不可预见性温和应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress,CUMS)抑郁大鼠血浆单胺类神经递质DA、5-HT、NE的变化情况。方法♂SD大鼠22只,分为对照组(n=10)和模型组(n=12),模型组每天给予9种慢性不可预见性温和刺激因子,造模21 d后,分别于造模前后进行行为学测定及眼眶采血;采用苯甲酰氯作为柱前衍生化试剂,将3种待测物及内标衍生化后进入LC-MS/MS检测,测定造模前后血浆中5-HT、NE、DA 3种神经递质浓度。结果造模21d后,与对照组相比,模型组大鼠体重明显降低(P<0.05),水平得分、垂直得分均明显降低(P<0.01),同时糖水消耗量明显降低(P<0.01)。血浆中5-HT、NE、DA的浓度在1.47~752、1.75~898、2.05~1053μg·L-1范围内线性关系良好,最低定量限分别为1.47、1.75、2.05μg·L-1,以质控样品计算,在各浓度水平下,此法的回收率均大于70%,日内和日间精密度小于15%,符合生物样品分析要求。造模21 d后,模型组血浆中5-HT、NE、DA的浓度分别为(3.99±1.21)、(6.24±1.94)、(6.07±1.98)μg·L-1,与对照组相比均明显降低(P<0.01)。结论 CUMS造模成功后,血浆中的3种神经递质分别呈下降趋势。     

LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of viramidine and ribavirin levels in monkey red blood cells

A high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed for the simultaneous determinations of total viramidine (viramidine, viramidine monophosphate, viramidine diphosphate, and viramidine triphosphate) and total ribavirin (ribavirin, ribavirin monophosphate, ribavirin diphosphate, and ribavirin triphosphate) in monkey red blood cells (RBC). The method involves the addition of internal standards and perchloric acid, conversion of viramidine or ribavirin phosphorylated metabolites to viramidine or ribavirin, purification with an aminopropyl (NH(2)) solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge, and LC-MS/MS analysis. The MS/MS is selected to monitor m/z 245-->113, 250-->113, 244-->112, and 249-->112 for ribavirin, [(13)C]ribavirin, viramidine, and [(13)C]viramidine, respectively, using positive electrospray ionization. The calibration curves are linear over a concentration range of 100-10,000 ng/mL (0.412-41.2 microM) with a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 100 ng/mL for both compounds. Mean inter-assay recoveries for ribavirin are 101%, 98.9%, and 96.0%, with coefficient of variance (%CV) values between 1.95 and 4.50% for 100, 1000, and 10,000 ng/mL quality control (QC) samples, respectively. Mean inter-assay recoveries for viramidine are 96.3%, 101%, and 102%, with coefficient of variation (%CV) values between 3.61 and 7.22%, for 100, 1000, and 10,000 ng/mL QC samples, respectively. Over-curve dilution QC at 400 microg/mL (1639 microM) for both viramidine and ribavirin are used to ensure the dilution accuracy (25 X dilutions) for monkey samples. The method has been used to simultaneously determine the total concentrations of ribavirin and viramidine in monkey RBC following 5, 15, and 36 weeks dosing of viramidine or ribavirin (60 mg/kg). The concentrations of total ribavirin following ribavirin dosing are 1242 microM at week 5, 1257 microM at week 15, and 1146 microM at week 36. The concentrations of total ribavirin following viramidine dosing are 634 microM at week 5, 716 microM at week 15, and 683 microM at week 36. Only small amounts of viramidine are detected in RBC following viramidine dosing, 7.80 microM at week 5, 6.63 microM at week 15, and 10.4 microM at week 36. The results suggest that ribavirin levels in RBC were at steady state at week 5 of ribavirin or viramidine dosing. At steady state, ribavirin levels in RBC are approximately 2x after ribavirin dosing than viramidine dosing. The relatively small percentage of viramidine in RBC suggests that viramidine either poorly penetrated into RBC or was extensively converted to ribavirin following entry into RBC.     

LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of icariin and its major metabolites in rat plasma

A rapid and sensitive method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitative determination of icariin and its two major metabolites, icariside I and icariside II in rat plasma. The analytes were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate after internal standard (daidzein) spiked. The separation was performed by a ZORBAX SB-C(18) column (3.5 microm, 2.1 mm x 100 mm) and a C(18) guard column (5 microm, 4.0 mm x 2.0mm) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water-formic acid (50:50:0.05, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. The Agilent G6410A triple quadrupole LC-MS system was operated under the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using the electrospray ionization technique in positive mode. The nominal retention times for icariin, icariside I, icariside II and daidzein were 1.21, 1.88, 2.34 and 1.35 min, respectively. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) of icariin, icariside I and icariside II of the method were 1.0, 0.5 and 0.5 ng/mL, respectively. The method was linear for icariin and its metabolites with correlation coefficients >0.995 for all analytes. The intra-day and inter-day accuracy and precision of the assay were less than 12.5%. This method has been applied successfully to a pharmacokinetic study involving the intragastric administration of icariin to rats.     

LC-MS法测定犬血浆中白屈菜红碱的浓度

目的建立测定犬血浆中白屈菜红碱浓度的LC-MS方法,研究白屈菜红碱静脉注射后体内药动学特征。方法采用Agilent C18(50 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)分析柱,以乙腈-0.75%醋酸水溶液(30∶70,V/V)为流动相,选择离子(SIR)检测方式;以白屈菜碱为内标物,测定静脉给药后犬血浆中白屈菜红碱的浓度,用3P87药动学计算程序处理数据。结果血浆中白屈菜红碱的线性范围为0.05~6.4 mg.L-1,最低定量限可达15μg.L-1,血浆中白屈菜的方法回收率在87%以上,日内和日间的RSD均<10%。结论本法准确、灵敏,可用于白屈菜红碱的血浆浓度的测定和药动学研究。     

LC-MS法测定犬血浆中冬凌草甲素含量

目的:建立犬血浆中冬凌草甲素浓度的LC-MS测定方法,为深入研究冬凌草甲素在犬体内的药代动力学特征提供有效、可靠的检测手段。方法:采用Shim-pack VP-ODS(150 mm×2.0 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-水(50∶50)为流动相,HPLC/电喷雾离子源质谱检测(HPLC/ESI-MS),乙酸乙酯作为萃取剂,检测犬血浆中冬凌草甲素的含量,并评价方法的稳定性和重现性。结果:本方法在0.0125~6.4μg.mL-1浓度范围内线性关系良好(R2=0.9994),定量限为0.0125μg.mL-1,平均回收率为71.18%~76.99%,日内精密度为2.4%~5.0%,日间精密度为1.2%~6.3%。室温放置30 min,样品预处理后放置24 h、-24℃贮存14 d及反复冻融3次稳定性良好。其RSD均小于15%。结论:该分析方法可行性高,重现性好,可用于研究冬凌草甲素在犬体内药代动力学特征。     

LC-MS鉴定大鼠血浆山柰酚代谢产物

目的:采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术鉴定大鼠给药山柰酚单体后血浆中代谢产物。方法:取给药后大鼠的血浆样品经酶水解、酸水解后,进行色谱分离,采用液相色谱-质谱联用仪检测,大气压电喷雾离子源(EPI)负离子条件下进行扫描,鉴定大鼠给药山柰酚(30 mg.kg-1)单体后血浆中代谢产物的结构。结果:通过与山柰酚对照品谱图比较,结合质谱仪扫描结果分析,在大鼠给药山柰酚单体后血浆中鉴定出山柰酚(m/z286.0)代谢产物结构。结论:采用酶水解、酸水解的方法可快速、有效地鉴定出大鼠血浆中山柰酚代谢产物,为进行含山柰酚中药及其复方的药物代谢动力学研究奠定科学基础。