视网膜下腔接种视网膜S抗原诱导的免疫偏离

目的 确立视网膜下腔是否具有支持针对视网膜可溶性抗原（Ｓ抗原）刺激诱导偏离式免疫反就原能力，并观察白细胞介素－１（ＩＬ－１）对视网膜下腔免疫特性的影响。方法 将视网膜Ｓ抗原接种于Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠的眼前房和视网膜下腔。抗原接种后７天，使用Ｓ原接种于Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠的眼前房和视风膜下腔。抗原接种后７天，使用Ｓ抗原和完全福氏佐免疫受主动物。然后，通过足部刺激评估迟发型超敏反应（ＤＴＨ）。通过腹腔注射ＩＬ     

外伤性眼内炎对眼免疫赦免状态的影响

目的研究外伤后眼内炎症对眼免疫赦免状态的影响。方法在Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠和新西兰白兔建立外伤性眼内炎模型。将牛血清白蛋白分别接种于受伤眼和正常眼玻璃体腔。接受附加佐剂的牛血清白蛋白免疫方案１周后,评价其诱导玻璃体腔相关免疫偏离的能力,并观察受伤眼组织病理学改变。结果眼外伤后５～７天发生中度到重度炎症反应。常规免疫组动物均出现抗原特异性迟发型超敏反应（ＤＴＨ）阳性;单纯玻璃体腔抗原接种组动物均显示ＤＴＨ阴性;受伤眼玻璃体腔抗原接种组和受伤眼玻璃体抗原接种后对侧正常眼玻璃体抗原接种组均显示ＤＴＨ阳性。结论外伤性眼内炎导致受伤眼和正常眼免疫偏离诱导的失败。眼相关免疫偏离的消失可能参与了交感性眼炎的发病过程。     

不同部位眼相关免疫偏离的诱导和维持

目的 观察不同种系动物眼内腔针对可溶性抗原刺激是否具有支持诱导免疫偏离的能力及其维持时间。 方法 使用牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin,BSA)作为可溶性抗原,将其分别接种于不同动物(大鼠、兔和猴)的前房、玻璃体腔和视网膜下腔。皮下注射BSA和完全弗氏佐剂免疫动物。皮内注射抗原观察眼内腔接种BSA动物的迟发型超敏反应(delayed-type hypersensitivity,DTH)。定时评估免疫偏离的维持时间。 结果 所有眼内腔接种抗原的动物均显示DTH阴性反应。不同部位抗原接种后免疫偏离的平均维持时间分别为：前房组：大鼠70天,兔90天,猴320天;玻璃体腔组：大鼠100天,兔１50天,猴360天;视网膜下腔组：大鼠50天,兔70天,猴300天。 结论 不同种系动物和不同眼内腔免疫偏离的维持时间不同。生物进化与免疫系统的进化具有同步性。 (中华眼底病杂志, 1999, 15: 170-173)     

前房接种角膜抗原和角膜移植物诱导的前房相关免疫偏离

目的 观察角膜抗原和角膜移植片诱导前房相关免疫偏离的可能性。方法 分别将角膜抗原和带有完善内皮层的角膜移植片接种于新西兰兔眼结膜下和前房。７天后,使用添加完全弗氏佐剂的角膜抗原或植片供体脾细胞免疫动物。１周后,评估抗原特异性迟发型超敏反应的诱导情况。     

在正常妊娠期间兔眼前房相关免疫偏离的变化

目的 许多研究发现妊娠对眼具有影响。该研究旨在观察正常妊娠期间前房接种可溶性蛋白抗原能否诱导免疫反应的主动下调。方法 标准交配１５天后通过胚胎种植部位确立新西兰兔的中期妊娠。将牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）分别接种于雄性,非妊娠雌性和中期妊娠雌性兔眼前房,接受附加佐剂的ＢＳＡ免疫方案后,评价诱导前房相关免疫偏离（ＡＣＡＩＤ）的能力。结果 在雄性和非妊娠雌性兔眼前房接种ＢＳＡ诱导了ＢＳＡ特异性的迟发型超敏反     

雷公藤多甙治疗抗原诱导性葡萄膜视网膜炎的临床及实验研究

目的 观察雷公藤多防治抗原诱导性葡萄膜视网膜炎（ａｎｔｉｇｅｎ－ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｕｖｅｏｒｅｔｉｎｉｔｉｓ，ＡＩＵ）的临床效果，并探讨免疫学机制。方法 使用牛Ｓ抗原和福氏完全佐剂的混合乳剂免疫大鼠１４ｄ，将Ｓ抗原接种于玻璃体腔，建立ＡＩＵ动物模型。实施雷公藤多甘治疗方案，观察其对实验动物的眼部临床表现、病理组织学、血清抗体效价、淋巴细胞增殖反应以及螈特异性迟发型超敏反应（ｄｅｌａｙｅｄ－ｔｙｐｅ     

Prevention of experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis by anterior chamber-associated immune deviation

目的实验性自身免疫性前葡萄膜炎（ＥＡＡＵ）是研究人前葡萄膜炎的有用模型。本研究旨在观察前房相关免疫偏离（ＡＣＡＩＤ）能否阻止ＥＡＡＵ发生。方法将溶于磷酸盐缓冲液（ＰＢＳ）的牛黑色素蛋白（ＢＭＰ）注射于大鼠右眼前房;对照组动物仅注射ＰＢＳ。７ｄ后,使用添加完全福氏佐剂（ＣＦＡ）的ＢＭＰ和百日咳毒素免疫所有动物。通过临床观察和组织病理学检测葡萄膜炎的严重程度和发病率。通过由注射ＢＭＰ刺激的足垫水肿反应评估迟发型超敏反应（ＤＴＨ）。结果与对照组相比,预先眼内注射ＢＭＰ的大鼠,其ＥＡＡＵ的严重程度和发病率减低,且ＤＴＨ反应受到显著抑制。结论这些资料提示ＡＣＡＩＤ可以用来阻止ＥＡＡＵ的发生。     

上丘提取促培养大鼠视网膜神经细胞生长的研究

目的 观察上丘提取液（ＳＣＥ）能否促进培养大鼠视网膜神经细胞的存活和生长。方法 １２只生后２～３天ＳＤ大鼠视网膜组织经胰蛋白酶消化后制成细胞悬液后，接种于覆有鼠尾胶原的９６孔增养板（７５ｕｌ／孔，约１×１０＾５细胞／孔）。分为１，３，５天培养组，每一培养时期又分为对照组和ＳＣＥ组。分别用ＭＴＴ微量自动比色法测量存活ＯＤ值。结果 培养在鼠尾胶原上的视网膜神经细胞生长良好。培养１，３天时，ＳＣＥ组细胞     

上丘提取液促培养大鼠视网膜神经细胞生长的研究

目的　观察上丘提取液（ＳＣＥ） 能否促进培养大鼠视网膜神经细胞的存活和生长。 方法　１２ 只生后２ ～３ 天ＳＤ 大鼠视网膜组织经胰蛋白酶消化后制成细胞悬液后,接种于覆有鼠尾胶原的９６ 孔培养板（７５ μｌ／ 孔,约１ ×１０５ 细胞／孔） 。分为１ ,３ ,５ 天培养组,每一培养时期又分为对照组和ＳＣＥ 组。分别用ＭＴＴ 微量自动比色法测量存活细胞ＯＤ 值。结果　培养在鼠尾胶原上的视网膜神经细胞生长良好。培养１ ,３ 天时,ＳＣＥ 组细胞存活ＯＤ 值明显高于同时期对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ,培养５ 天时,ＳＣＥ 组ＯＤ 值约为对照组的２ 倍（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。 结论　ＳＣＥ 能明显促进培养鼠视网膜神经细胞的存活和生长,可能是由于ＳＣＥ 中存在促进视网膜神经细胞生长的神经营养因子     

老年黄斑变性外周血中视网膜抗体的研究

目的 探索老年黄斑变性（ＡＭＤ）的免疫发病机理。方法 运用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳、免疫印迹技术检测老年黄斑变性患者外周血中视网膜抗体；运用免疫组化法组织定位。结果 老年黄斑变性患者外周血中存在显著高于正常对照组的视网膜抗体，其相应抗原相对分子质量为２７０００～３５０００，４３０００～５００００，５６０００～６７０００，８００００～９００００，抗原定位在视网膜光感受器外节和神经元的胞核。结论 自身免疫反应是老年黄斑变性发生、发展的一个重要因素。     

Vitreous Cavity—Associated Immune Deviation Induced by Retinal S Antigen

Purpose:To determine whether the vitreous cavity(VC) supports the induction of deviant immune responses to retinal soluble(S) antigen and to observe the influence of interleukin-1(IL-1)on the immunologic properties of the VC. Methods:Retinal S antigen was inoculated into the anterior chamber(AC)and the VC in Wistar rats.Seven days after antigen inoculation,the recipient animals were immunized with S antigen and complete Freund‘s adjuvant.Delayed-type hypersen-sitivity(DTH)was assessed by footpad challenge.To alter systemic immune conditions,IL-1 was administrated by intraperitoneal injection.Results:Antigen-specific DTH did not develop in rats in which S antigen was injected into the AC and the VC.By contrast,when IL-1 administrated systemically,S antigen was injected into the AC and VC elicited strong DTH.Conclusion:The VC supports immune deviation for soluble antigen by acitivity suppressing antigen-Specific DTH .Systemic administration of exogenous IL-1 eliminates the capacity of the VC to support immune deviation to soluble antigen locally injected.     

脾脏在不同种类动物前房相关免疫偏离诱导和维持中的作用

目的 脾脏在小鼠前房相关免疫偏离（ａｎｊｔｅｒｉｏｒ ｃｈａｍｂｅｒ－ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ ｉｍｍｕｎｅ ｄｅｖｉａｔｉｏｎ,ＡＣＡＩＤ）的诱导中起着重要的作用。在前房接种抗原４天内摘除脾脏可以消除免疫偏离而导致免疫反应。本研究旨在观察脾脏在其他种类动物ＡＣＡＩＤ的诱导和维持中的作用。方法 在脾脏切除和假性脾脏切除后,使用牛血清白蛋白（ｂｏｖｉｎｅ ｓｅｒｕｍ ａｌｂｕｍｉｎ,ＢＳＡ）作为可溶性抗     

Immune privilege is extended, then withdrawn, from allogeneic tumor cell grafts placed in the subretinal space

PURPOSE: To determine whether the subretinal space can extend immune privilege to allogeneic tumor cell grafts that do not possess their own inherent immune privilege. METHODS: P815 tumor cells were injected into the anterior chamber (AC), the subretinal (SR) space, or subconjunctivally in eyes of BALB/c (allogeneic), SCID (immune incompetent), normal DBA/2 (syngeneic), or DBA/2 mice presensitized with P815 cells transfected with interleukin-12 and B7.1. Tumor growth was observed clinically and histologically for up to 50 days. BALB/c recipients were tested for suppression of DBA/2-specific delayed hypersensitivity and concomitant immunity. The SR space of tumor-containing eyes was assessed for its capacity to support ovalbumin (OVA)-specific anterior chamber associated immune deviation (ACAID). RESULTS: P815 cells injected into the SR space of presensitized and normal DBA/2 and SCID mice grew progressively, resulting eventually in recipient death. Tumor cells injected into the SR space of eyes of BALB/c mice grew progressively until day 14, followed by tumor regression resulting in phthisis bulbi (14/35) or tumor elimination (19/35) with preserved ocular anatomy by day 35. Despite elimination of tumors from the SR space, BALB/c recipients exhibited DBA/2-specific ACAID and concomitant immunity. In addition, OVA injected into the SR space of eyes from which tumor has been eliminated induced ACAID. CONCLUSIONS: Various parameters of immune privilege, originally described for the AC, are characteristic of immune privilege within the SR space. However, because P815 cells placed in the AC prove lethal for BALB/c recipients, but P815 cells placed in the SR space resolve without jeopardizing the host's life, immune privilege in the SR space can be distinguished from immune privilege in the AC, and this may have implications for grafts of retinal tissue placed within the SR space.     

通过前房相关免疫偏离阻止实验性自身免疫前葡萄膜炎

目的 实验性自身免疫性前葡萄膜炎（ＥＡＡＵ）是研究人前葡萄膜炎的有用模型。本研究旨在观察前房相关免疫偏离（ＡＣＡＩＤ）能否阻止ＥＡＡＵ发生。方法 将溶于磷酸盐缓冲液（ＰＢＳ）的牛黑色素蛋白（ＢＭＰ）注射于大鼠右眼前房;对照组动物仅注射ＰＢＳ。７d后使用且加完全福氏佐剂（ＣＦＡ）的ＢＭＰ和百日咳毒素免疫所有动物。通过临床 观察和组织病理学检测葡萄膜炎的严重程度和发病率。通过由注射ＢＭＰ刺激的足垫水肿反     

前房相关性免疫偏离诱导及预防角膜移植排斥反应实验研究

目的研究前房相关性免疫偏离（ＡＣＡＩＤ）诱导及预防角膜移植排斥反应的作用。方法采用甘氨酸法制备可溶性角膜分类抗原,分组行兔前房注射诱导ＡＣＡＩＤ,并观察各组部分耳膨胀试验和穿透角膜移植术（ＰＫＰ）术后排斥反应。结果角膜上皮、内皮、基质及全角膜可溶性抗原皆可诱导 ＡＣＡＩＤ,诱导质量浓度为 ２． ０ｍｇ／ｍｌ。成功率分别为９０％,１００％,８０％和１００％。同期角膜移植免疫排斥率降低,植片存活时间延长。高危观察组仍可诱导出ＡＣＡＩＤ,并可推迟排斥反应的发生。结论角膜可溶性抗原可以诱导产生ＡＣＡＩＤ,无严重并发症,对兔角膜移植排斥反应具有一定的预防和治疗作用。     

Induction of anterior chamber associated immune deviation in rats receiving intracameral injections of retinal S antigen

The injection of a variety of antigens, including transplantation antigens, haptens, and viral glycoproteins, into the anterior chamber of eyes of mice produces a characteristic spectrum of immune responses in which suppressed cell mediated immunity dominates. This phenomenon is called Anterior Chamber Associated Immune Deviation (ACAID). Having recently demonstrated that soluble antigens also can induce ACAID in mice, we examined the possibility that an important soluble ocular antigen, retinal S antigen (S Ag) may be capable of inducing ACAID in rats. We have found that injection of S Ag with adjuvant into the anterior chamber of eyes of adult Lewis rats evokes neither a humoral nor a cell mediated immune response that can be detected. However, animals that received S Ag intracamerally in this manner did respond to a subsequent immunogenic dose of S Ag in CFA injected into the hind foot pads, by producing serum anti S Ag antibodies. Importantly, these rats failed to display antigen-specific delayed hypersensitivity. Moreover, lymphoid cells from anterior chamber pre-treated animals, when adoptively transferred, inhibited the development of S Ag-specific delayed hypersensitivity in naive recipients indicating that an active suppression mechanism had been generated. Thus, a soluble antigen injected intracamerally in adult Lewis rats can generate ACAID. The possibility that ACAID may be relevant to the development of S Ag induced uveitis is discussed.