乌梅生品及其炭品的特征图谱比较

目的建立乌梅生品与炭品中有效成分的特征图谱,为乌梅饮片的质量评价提供新的依据。方法采用VenusilXBPC18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相:0.5%磷酸二氢铵溶液-乙腈(97:3)等度洗脱;流速1.0mL/min;柱温25℃;检测波长210nm。结果 9批乌梅生品显示6个共有特征峰,9批乌梅炭品显示8个共有特征峰,标定了其中3个特征成分(柠檬酸、苹果酸、没食子酸)。结论建立的乌梅生品及其炭品的HPLC特征图谱,可有效地评价乌梅生品及其炭品的质量。     

黄连乌梅药对不同配伍比例的指纹图谱研究

目的:通过对比黄连乌梅药对的HPLC指纹图谱,探讨该药对的配伍原理。方法:以色谱柱:AgilentHC-C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);检测波长:230nm;柱温:25℃为色谱条件,流动相:乙腈(A)-0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾0.2%磷酸(B)梯度洗脱;检测波长:230nm;柱温:25℃为色谱条件,建立黄连乌梅药对的指纹图谱。结果:以黄连、乌梅单煎液作为对照,确定了13个共有峰,建立了不同配伍比例的指纹图谱。结论:乌梅与黄连的配伍比例趋近于1时,黄连中的盐酸药根碱、巴马汀、小檗碱溶出率达到最大。     

小半夏汤低极性部位高效液相指纹图谱研究

目的:建立小半夏汤乙醚提取部位的高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱,并研究全方与其组成药味的相关性。方法:采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),甲醇-水梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,流速为1 m L·min-1,运用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004)对获得的指纹图谱进行相似度分析。结果:建立了10批小半夏汤乙醚提取部位的HPLC指纹图谱,标定了9个共有峰,并通过对照品比对指认了其中的1个色谱峰。考察了全方与各组成药味指纹图谱的相关性,结果表明低极性部位的色谱峰主要来自生姜药材。结论:首次建立了小半夏汤乙醚提取部位的HPLC特征指纹图谱,该方法比较稳定、简便、可靠,可作为小半夏汤质量控制的参考依据。     

江西产多穗柯叶的HP LC指纹图谱研究

目的 建立多穗柯叶有效部位的指纹图谱.方法 针对影响指纹图谱的色谱条件进行考察,确定最佳色谱条件:Kromasil C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);甲醇-0.1％(体积分数)甲酸系统梯度洗脱;柱温为25℃;流速为0.8 mL/min;检测波长为254 nm;进样体积为25μL;采集时间为140 min.测定了10批多穗柯叶药材,以根皮苷为参照峰,确定共有峰,建立多穗柯叶有效部位的HPLC指纹图谱;采用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A版)"进行指纹图谱分析.结果 建立了多穗柯叶指纹图谱,共找出了10个共有峰,各样品与自动生成对照图谱的相似度均在0.95以上.结论 本方法具有良好的精密度、稳定性和重复性,可作为多穗柯综合质量控制的评价方法.     

乌梅及乌梅炭的X射线衍射Fourier谱研究

目的建立乌梅生品、乌梅炒炭炮制品的X射线衍射Fourier谱。对不同炒炭程度的乌梅进行X射线衍射Fourier谱对比分析,研究炮制前后乌梅中可能存在的晶态物质及物相的变化。方法运用X射线衍射Fourier指纹图谱法对乌梅以及不同炒炭程度的乌梅轻炭、乌梅标炭、乌梅重炭粉末及上述4种样品的溶剂提取物进行分析。结果乌梅及乌梅炭粉末X射线衍射图谱有差异,4种样品溶剂提取部位可见明显锐峰,对比显著。结论炒炭会改变乌梅中晶态物质结构。乌梅、乌梅炭粉末XRD图谱重现性好,均具指纹特征,可作为鉴别指标。经图谱分析,难现传统文献记载草酸钙晶体特征峰,但主衍射峰显著,提示有复杂结晶物存在。     

净制湖北贝母指纹图谱研究

目的建立净制湖北贝母指纹图谱。方法采用HPLC法以依利特ODS(250mm×4.6mm)C18色谱柱;甲醇-缓冲液(0.3%二乙胺的水溶液)梯度洗脱;流速1.0mL/min;蒸发光散射检测器(漂移管温度40℃,压力3.5bar);柱温25℃。结果 10批湖北贝母指纹图谱相似度较高,利用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价软件"生成了净制湖北贝母的对照指纹图谱,共有10个特征峰。结论利用HPLC指纹图谱技术可以有效地控制湖北贝母饮片的质量以及对炮制工艺的评价。     

中药白英的高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

目的:建立不同产地白英药材的HPLC指纹图谱,为建立白英药材的质量标准提供依据。方法:采用Waters C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)(柱前加保护柱)色谱柱;流动相:乙腈-0.2%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 m L/min;检测波长:285 nm;柱温:室温。结果:通过对各个产地白英的HPLC指纹图谱进行直观分析,并采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度软件进行相似度评价,经过比较,确定了13个峰作为特征峰,由此建立了白英的HPLC指纹图谱。结论:该法所得图谱清晰,特征直观,所建立的白英药材的HPLC指纹图谱可作为评价其质量的参考。     

镰形棘豆HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 建立镰形棘豆的指纹图谱.方法 采用反相高效液相色谱,色谱条件为Kromasil C18 (250 mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-0.1％磷酸水溶液;流速1.0 mL/min;检测波长:284 nm;柱温:30℃.运用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统2004A版(国家药典委员会)进行分析.结果 构建了镰形棘豆药材的高效液相指纹图谱.结论 该方法准确,快捷,重现性好,可作为镰形棘豆药材的质控方法.     

金莲花药材高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

目的：建立金莲花药材高效液相色谱（HPLC）指纹特征图谱的方法.方法：采用Phenomenex GeminiC18柱（4.6 mm ×250 mm,5μm）、乙腈-0.1％磷酸为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃,检测波长230 nm,用国家药典委员会颁布的中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2004A版）进行相似度评价.结果：建立金莲花药材指纹图谱,确定31个共有峰,指认了5个色谱峰,金莲花各药材指纹图谱与共有模式相似度均在0.85以上.结论：HPLC指纹图谱为金莲花药材质量的更有效控制提供了依据.     

玉屏风药材汤剂HPLC指纹图谱的建立

目的 建立玉屏风药材汤剂的指纹图谱.方法 采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析,色谱柱为Hypersil ODS柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-水梯度洗脱,检测波长为220 nm,流速为1.0 ml/min,进样量为10 μl,柱温为30℃.采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统软件(2004 A版)进行指纹图谱分析.结果 玉屏风药材汤剂主要有8个特征峰.结论 该指纹图谱可以作为玉屏风药材汤剂中升麻苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、芒柄花素稳定性的参考.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.