奥卡西平与卡马西平单药治疗儿童部分性癫的对照研究

目的比较奥卡西平与卡马西平单药治疗儿童部分性癫的疗效。方法71例新诊断的儿童部分性癫患者按单双号顺序分为奥卡西平组(35例)和卡马西平组(36例),并给予相应的药物治疗;6个月后进行疗效评价,观察不良反应。结果奥卡西平组和卡马西平组分别有25例及29例完成6个月治疗;脑电图改善率分别为44.0%及44.8%;显效率分别为92.0%及86.2%;不良反应发生率分别为22.2%及41.2%,两组间比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);卡马西平组2例出现严重不良反应。结论奥卡西平与卡马西平单药治疗新诊断的儿童部分性癫均有很好的疗效,不良反应及耐受性相似,但奥卡西平组未见严重的不良反应。     

奥卡西平单药治疗小儿部分性癫发作27例疗效观察

目的:探讨奥卡西平对部分性癫发作的疗效安全性。方法:选择部分性癫患儿27例应用奥卡西平单药治疗,进行自身对照,观察6个月。结果:所有病例完全控制无发作及显效18例占66.7%(其中完全控制无发作16例占59.2%),好转8例占29.6%,有效率(完全控制+显效+有效)占96.3%:无效1例占3.7%:加重0例。结论:奥卡西平单药治疗对部分性癫的疗效与金标准卡马西平一致,疗效好。奥卡西平与卡马西平比,不良反应少、安全,依从性好。     

奥卡西平治疗癫(癎)部分性发作的疗效观察

目的:观察奥卡西平治疗癫癎部分性发作的疗效.方法:51例部分性发作的癫癎患者采用奥卡西平治疗.成年患者起始剂量300mg/d,根据病情逐渐加量,3d后增至基本维持量(600mg/d),仍有发作者继续加量,2周后达最佳效果或可耐受的最高剂量(1800mg/d);儿童患者起始剂量8-10mg/(kg·d),根据病情每周加1次剂量,每次加量不超过10 mg/(kg·d),直至维持剂量30-40mg/(kg·d).观察治疗后癫癎发作情况及药物不良反应.结果:奥卡西平治疗5个月后,本组患者总有效率为74%,完全控制率为30%.用药1个月内,本组7例患者出现不良反应,1例因全身皮疹停用奥卡西平.结论:奥卡西平治疗癫癎部分性发作的疗效较好,但有时可产生较严重不良反应,临床应用须谨慎.     

奥卡西平治疗儿童部分发作性癫80例临床分析

目的观察国产奥卡西平(OXC)治疗儿童部分发作性癫的疗效、安全性和耐受性。方法用国产奥卡西平单药治疗80例部分发作性癫患儿,分析治疗后1、2、3、6、9、12个月的疗效和不良反应。奥卡西平起始剂量5~10 mg/(kg·d),最大剂量30~40 mg/(kg.d),维持剂量中位值20 mg/(kg·d),bid。结果本组总有效率为87.50%,服药12个月时累积控制率为73.75%,有5例因严重不良反应而调用其他药物,余75例均能耐受。结论国产奥卡西平为治疗儿童部分性发作性癫相对理想的药物选择。     

奥卡西平治疗癫癎的临床研究

目的观察奥卡西平(OXC)治疗癫癎的疗效、耐受性和安全性。方法294例患者,120例加用OXC治疗,174例单用OXC治疗。通过逐步加量的方法达到目标剂量。结果本组总有效率为86.05%,完全控制为39.8%;其中单药治疗组控制率45.98%,总有效率为89.08%,添加治疗组控制率为30.83%,总有效率为81.67%。单药治疗组不良反应总发生率为15.52%,添加组不良反应发生率为26.67%,2组比较,添加治疗组出现的反应相对多于单药治疗组。结论奥卡西平治疗癫癎有效、安全、稳定。     

奥卡西平治疗儿童部分性发作的临床疗效及安全性观察

目的观察及评价奥卡西平（OXC）对儿童部分性发作的临床疗效和安全性。方法2006年3月-2007年5月经门诊诊断的PS／CPS或sGTCS儿童患者81例，其中27例采用奥卡西平添加治疗，54例单药治疗，经4～6周加量期和12周稳定期观察后进行评价。结果OXC添加治疗组及单药治疗组总有效率分别为81．5％和83．3％，完全控制率分别为37．0％和40．7％，且不良反应较轻，耐受性良好。结论奥卡西平治疗儿童部分性发作有效且安全，可用于儿童部分性发作的单药治疗和添加治疗。     

奥卡西平治疗癫部分性发作50例疗效观察

目的观察奥卡西平治疗癫部分发作的疗效及安全性。方法 50例部分发作的癫患者采用奥卡西平治疗。成年患者的起始剂量为300mg/d。根据病情逐渐加量,3d后增至基本维持量600mg/d,仍有发作者继续加量,2周后达最佳效果或可耐受的最高剂量1 800mg/d;儿童患者起始剂量8～10mg/(kg.d),根据病情每周增加1次剂量,每次加量在10mg/(kg.d)以下,直至维持量30～40mg/(kg.d)。观察治疗后癫发作情况及药物不良反应。结果奥卡西平治疗5个月后,本组总有效率67.3%,完全控制率24.5%。用药1月内,本组10例患者出现不良反应,1例因剥脱性皮炎而停用此药。结论奥卡西平治疗癫部分性发作疗效较好,但有时可能产生严重的不良反应,临床应用时应谨慎。     

奥卡西平和托吡酯单药治疗癫(癎)的临床观察

目的 比较奥卡西平(OXC)、托吡酯(TPM)单药治疗癫(癎)的疗效和安全性.方法 癫(癎)门诊病人78例,随机分为OXC组和TPM组,单药治疗,观察24周.结果 TPM组38例,有效率76.3%、显效率63.1%,控制率(无发作)44.7%.OXC组40例,有效率75%、显效率62.5%,控制率(无发作)45%.经统计学处理两组疗效没有显著性差异(P=0.89＞0.05).TPM组有效剂量中位值为100 mg/d,OXC组为600 mg/d.TPM组不良反应8例,OXC组6例,两组不良反应发生率没有显著性差异(P=0.49＞0.05).TPM组不良反应常见胃纳差、记忆力减退、头部不适、嗜睡,其中2例分别因为手足麻木及胃纳差、体重减轻而退出.OXC组不良反应常见乏力、头昏、头疼、嗜睡、恶心、皮疹等,没有因为不良反应而退出.结论 TPM和OXC单药治疗癫(癎)疗效明显,不良反应轻,耐受性好,安全性高.二者疗效、不良反应没有显著性差异.     

托吡酯与卡马西平治疗脑梗死后继发癫（癎）患者的疗效比较

目的 比较托吡酯与卡马西平治疗脑梗死后继发癫（癎）的临床疗效.方法 选取2011-05-2013-05我院收治的72例脑梗死后继发癫（癎）患者,采用随机对照方法分为观察组和对照组各36例.对照组在常规治疗基础上应用卡马西平,观察组在常规治疗基础上应用托吡酯,比较2组临床疗效、癫（癎）发作次数及不良反应.结果 观察组总有效率91.7%,对照组为80.6%,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组3个月和6个月内癫（癎）发作次数均显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 托吡酯治疗脑梗死后继发癫（癎）的临床疗效明显优于卡马西平,可有效降低癫（癎）的发作次数,且不良反应少,值得临床应用和推广.     

奥卡西平对癫癎患儿外周血MDR1表达的影响

目的通过比较奥卡西平(oxcarbazepine,OXC)和卡马西平(carbamazepine,CBZ)对癫癎患儿外周血多药耐药基因1(MDR1)表达的影响,初步探讨长期应用OXC治疗癫癎对患儿外周血MDR1的诱导作用。方法 48例癫癎患儿分为2组,26例口服OXC,22例口服CBZ,治疗时间均超过12个月;25例无癫发作患儿为空白对照组。选择用药前、用药后6个月及12个月三个时间点,应用RT-PCR法测定患儿外周血MDR1-mRNA的表达。结果 OXC组和CBZ组外周血MDR1-mRNA表达在用药后6个月、12个月较对照组增高(P<0.01);OXC组和CBZ组患儿外周血MDR1-mRNA表达在用药后6个月及12个月较开始服药前均有增高(P<0.05);OXC组在用药6个月及12个月后外周血MDR1-mRNA表达和卡马西平组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论长期口服OXC和CBZ均会增加癫癎患儿外周血MDR1基因的表达。     

Treatment with rituximab in patients with polyneuropathy with anti-MAG antibodies

Journal of Neurology -     

Factors associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the work described here was to determine those variables associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy. METHODS: We interviewed patients followed at a tertiary epilepsy center. Predictor variables included age, gender, race, education, income, insurance, seizure frequency, and Quality of Life in Epilepsy-10 inventory (QOLIE-10) results. Target variables were the subscales of the Short Form Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18). We used univariate analysis to identify those variables significantly associated with the subscales and multiple linear regression to determine those independently significant. RESULTS: The study population comprised 193 patients. Lower education and better QOLIE-10 scores were independently associated with general satisfaction with care. The mental health scale was associated with general satisfaction with care. Lower educational level was the only variable independently associated with patient satisfaction with communication, the financial aspect of care, and time spent with physician. CONCLUSION: Lower educational level and better quality of life are the main variables associated with higher general satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy.     

Children with ADHD and motor dysfunction compared with children with ADHD only

The purpose of this study was to identify group differences in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and motor dysfunction (ADHD-MD) and ADHD only, and to evaluate the medication responsiveness of ADHD-MD. Sixty-three children (49 males and 14 females; mean age 9 years 10 months, SD 2 years 10 months) underwent a triple blind, placebo-controlled crossover study evaluating two dose levels of methylphenidate (0.3 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg [corrected], twice daily) and placebo. Forty-nine trials were completed. Nineteen were children with ADHD-MD, 44 had ADHD only. Behavior and functioning were assessed at home and at school. Treatment effects were assessed using the Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire for Parents and Teachers. Children with ADHD-MD were more likely to have severe ADHD-combined type and other neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems. Both groups of children had a linear dose response to medication (placebo, low, high) and there was no evidence of a group by dose interaction or an overall group effect at home or school. The lack of group effect suggests that these children responded to medication like the other subgroups.