硝酸钾牙膏抗牙本质敏感效果的循证分析

目的:系统评价硝酸钾牙膏抗牙本质敏感的效果。方法:采用Cochrane系统评价的方法,检索1966～2010年间评价硝酸钾抗敏感牙膏效果的随机对照研究,采用RevMan 5.1.1软件进行敏感结果的Meta分析。结果:检索到265篇相关文献,最终纳入8篇(共501例)。5%硝酸钾组4周冷空气刺激VAS指标优于对照组(WMD:-0.98,95%CI:-1.17～-0.80);4、8周吹气敏感指标优于对照组(SMD:-1.23,95%CI:-1.82～-0.64;SMD:-1.07,95%CI:-1.36～-0.79);4、8周探诊敏感指标优于对照组(WMD:7.49,95%CI:5.90～9.07;WMD:10.06,95%CI:8.23～-11.88)。结论:已有的证据支持硝酸钾牙膏的抗敏感效果。     

精氨酸脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感的Meta分析

目的：采用Meta分析方法进行系统评价并比较精氨酸脱敏牙膏与常用脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感的疗效。方法计算机检索万方、PubMed、Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆等数据库,并辅以手工检索,搜集精氨酸脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感的随机对照试验（randomized controlled trial ,RCT）,数据的提取和质量评价由两个评价者独立完成。采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7项RCT,所有的结果通过触压敏感测试及冷空气喷吹检测评估,使用随机效应模型分析各治疗组的均数和标准差。Meta分析结果显示,精氨酸脱敏牙膏与含钾脱敏牙膏的疗效差异有统计学意义（触压评估：SMD=1.83,95％CI[1.07,2.58],P<0.05;冷空气评估：SMD=?1.19,95％CI[?1.69,?0.69],P<0.05）;精氨酸脱敏牙膏与含锶脱敏牙膏的疗效差异无统计学意义（触压评估：SMD=0.68,95％CI[?1.59,2.96],P>0.05;冷空气评估：SMD=?0.94,95％CI[?2.28,0.40],P>0.05）。结论精氨酸脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感的效果优于含钾脱敏牙膏,但与含锶脱敏牙膏无明显差异。     

氟化亚锡牙膏对牙本质敏感症脱敏作用的Meta分析

目的 对有关含氟化亚锡牙膏治疗牙本质敏感症的随机对照试验（RCT）进行Meta分析,评价其治疗牙本质敏感症的疗效。方法依照Cochrane系统评价员手册（5.1.0版本）指导进行分析,包含检索策略、纳入排除标准、数据提取及质量评价。通过计算机检索CNKI、CBM、PubMed、Embase数据库和Cochrane Library,查找有关含氟化亚锡牙膏治疗牙本质敏感症的RCT,检索时间截至2015年1月。由2位研究者独立根据纳入与排除标准进行文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入6个RCT,包括494例患者（试验组247例,对照组247例）。氟化亚锡脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感的Meta分析结果显示,触压探诊敏感测试（SMD=1.41,95%可信区间为0.74~2.09）及冷空气喷吹测试（SMD=-1.16,95%可信区间为-1.84~-0.48）的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.000 01）,氟化亚锡脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感症的效果较好。结论现有证据表明,氟化亚锡脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感症的效果较好;但纳入研究的语种、地区及质量有一定局限性,且样本量较小,仍需更多高质量、大样本的RCT以进一步验证。     

硝酸钾——牙周塞治法治疗牙本质敏感症临床效果观察

本文报告应用硝酸钾——牙周塞治法治疗牙根面外露及线状楔损所致的牙本质敏感症127例(286颗牙),总有效率91.3％。通过本组病例分析,表明本法具有方法简单、疗效好、牙不染色、不损伤软组织等优点。本文分析了与疗效有关的因素,并探讨了脱敏机理。     

硅酸三钙阻塞牙本质小管的实验研究

目的：评价硅酸三钙对牙本质小管的阻塞能力。方法：从无龋的离体第三磨牙切取牙本质片,用30%磷酸酸蚀1min来模拟牙本质过敏的状态,然后牙本质片表面用硅酸三钙糊剂涂抹和刷洗,之后浸入人工唾液中7d。结果：扫描电镜显示牙本质小管口几乎都被纳米晶体所覆盖;通过EDS和XRD证实该纳米晶为羟基磷灰石。结论：硅酸三钙不仅通过自固化过程阻塞牙本质小管,而且在生理环境下能诱导牙本质再矿化。因此,可考虑用作治疗牙本质过敏的有效药物。     

含5%硝酸钾牙膏抗牙本质敏感的临床研究

目的:评价含5%硝酸钾牙膏减轻牙本质敏感症状的临床效果。方法:根据随机、双盲、平行设计的试验原则,将63名受试者随机分为试验组(含5%硝酸钾牙膏)和对照组(普通牙膏)进行试验,试验周期为4周。采用视觉模拟疼痛评分法(VAS)分别记录基线和4周后受试牙的牙敏感指数。采用SPSS13.0软件包对数据进行非参数检验。结果:使用牙膏4周后,试验组牙本质敏感VAS值显著低于基线(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组使用牙膏前后牙本质敏感VAS记分之差显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:含5%硝酸钾牙膏具有显著的抗牙本质敏感效果,可改善患者的整体舒适度。     

含5.53%柠檬酸钾牙膏抗牙本质敏感的临床研究

目的：评价含5.53%柠檬酸钾牙膏减轻牙本质敏感症状的效果。方法：试验遵照随机、双盲、对照试验原则,将65名受试者随机分成试验组（含5.53%柠檬酸钾牙膏）和对照组（普通含氟牙膏）,两组受试者每天刷牙2次共4周。采用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）记,牙敏感症状。数据采用非参数检验进行统计分析。结果：与基线相比,使用牙膏4周后,试验组牙本质敏感VAS记分显著降低（P〈0.05）。与对照组相比,试验组4周后的牙本质敏感VAS记分明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）。83.9%的受试者认为使用该牙膏能缓解牙本质敏感症状;77.4%的受试者愿意继续使用该牙膏脱敏。结论：含5.53%柠檬酸钾牙膏具有显著的抗牙本质敏感效果。     

我国激光治疗牙本质敏感疗效的循证医学分析

目的:评价我国激光治疗牙本质敏感的疗效.方法:采用Cochrane 系统评价的方法,计算机和手工方法检索1989～2009 年国内有关激光治疗牙本质敏感的随机对照临床研究.在严格筛选资料和质量评价的基础上,采用RevMan 5.0.1软件对纳入的研究进行Meta分析.结果:共检索到114 篇相关文献,最终有9 篇文献符合纳入标准.分析结果显示:除了激光治疗牙本质敏感的即刻疗效的数据可以合并外,各研究间其他时期的疗效均存在统计学异质性,数据无法合并,只能采用描述性分析.激光治疗牙本质敏感的即刻疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义[OR=3.83,95%CI(2.86,5.12)],其他时期疗效均有优于对照组的趋势.结论:激光治疗牙本质敏感疗效较好.但由于本研究中部分文献的质量不高,上述结论还需开展更多大样本的、设计严谨的随机对照研究来验证.     

双歧杆菌预防龋病有效性和安全性的系统评价与Meta分析

目的 系统评价双歧杆菌预防龋病的有效性和安全性.方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Scopus、Clinicaltrials、CNKI、WanFang Data和VIP数据库,时限均为从建库至2020年4月,并通过手工检索进行补充.使用R...     

Effect of Lasers on Dentine Hypersensitivity: Evidence From a Meta-analysis

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate the immediate and long-term desensitizing effect of lasers in reducing dentine hypersensitivity (DH) compared with negative controls.Material and methodsSix databases were searched to identify relevant articles published up to June 8, 2018. Randomized controlled trials comparing lasers with placebo or no treatment control in adult patients who suffer from DH were included. The risk of bias was assessed according to the Cochrane guidelines, and the quality of the evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool. Inverse-variance random effects meta-analyses of standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were performed using the RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsTwenty-two randomized controlled trials were finally included in the meta-analysis, and 21 studies of these were conducted to analyze the immediate and long-term effects. All types of lasers had better immediate and long-term desensitizing effects on DH than negative controls. The quality of evidence of the included studies showed that lasers compared with negative controls had moderate-quality immediate and long-term effects on DH. The statistical heterogeneity of these comparisons was high, for which the result of I² ranged from 90% to 98%.ConclusionsOur results indicate that all types of lasers had a better desensitizing effect on DH than negative controls, both in immediate and long term. Furthermore, more high-quality studies with a large sample size are needed to confirm our results (PROSPERO CRD42018102260).     

Clinical evaluation of a potassium nitrate dentifrice for the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity

Abstract The effectiveness of a 5% potassium nitrate dentifrice as a daily home treatment for dentinal hypersensitivity was evaluated in a double-blind study in 36 Japanese subjects who complained of cold and/or tactile hypersensitivity. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, with 18 being given a 5% potassium nitrate dentifrice (treated group) and the other 18 a vehicle paste (control group). Both groups were instructed to brush their teeth 2 × a day. The hypersensitivity levels of the affected teeth were assessed by 2 stimuli, one tactile and the other cold air, and by the perception of pain. The results of all 3 assessment methods indicated that the potassium nitrate dentifrice significantly decreased the level of hypersensitivity at weeks 4, 8, and 12. In the treated group, a rapid decrease of positive scores for both the cold air stimulus and the subjective symptoms appeared from week 2. Although a significant decrease of the assessment score was also observed in the control group, the reduction rate of the score was much greater in the treated group by ail 3 assessment methods at weeks 4, 8, and 12. Complete relief of subjective symptoms throughout the 12 weeks’examination was noted in 67% of the subjects in the treated group, but in only 6% in the control group. These results suggest the usefulness of a 5% potassium nitrate dentifrice in Japanese patients with dentinal hypersensitivity.