正畸治疗后牙周组织状况的临床观察

固定矫治器正畸矫治过程常并发牙龈炎，直接影响牙周组织的健康，目前临床尚无有效的治疗方法。本组通过临床观察80例正畸矫治患者结束后的牙周组织康复变化情况。     

咬合调整对牙周炎正畸治疗患者牙周状况的影响

目的：观察咬合调整对牙周病患者正畸治疗前后牙周状况改变的影响。方法选择成人牙周病正畸患者47例,按照正畸治疗中是否进行咬合调整分为观察组和对照组,对所有患者正畸治疗前、后及治疗后6个月随访时进行牙周状况的检查评估,并作统计学分析。结果观察组患者在治疗后及随访时的牙周探诊深度（PD）、临床附着丧失（CAL）、出血指数（BI）均较治疗前有明显降低,牙齿松动度（TM）也较治疗前有明显减小,而在随访时与治疗后相比较,PD和CAL的变化也有统计学意义（P<0.05）,松动度也有明显减小。对照组患者治疗后的PD、BI及随访时的BI均较治疗前有明显降低,随访时的牙齿松动度较治疗前明显减低,与治疗后比较也有明显变化。组间同期比较,观察组在随访时的PD和CAL与对照组有明显差异,在治疗后及随访时的TM也与对照组间存在明显差异。结论在牙周炎错(牙合)患者的正畸治疗中,及时进行咬合调整,能去除病理性(牙合)因素,消除咬合创伤,恢复咬合平衡,有利于牙周组织的改建及修复。     

正畸治疗中拔牙间隙处的牙周变化

正畸治疗过程中，拔牙间隙处常常出现牙龈堆积，牙龈炎症，牙槽骨丧失，拔牙间隙复发等问题。本文就这些问题进行探讨，并提出相应对策。     

固定矫治器对正畸患者牙周状况影响的研究进展

固定矫治器戴入引起的口腔自洁力下降和对牙周组织的刺激可导致正畸患者牙周组织从临床指标到牙周微生物等多方面的变化。正畸医生的正确指导和患者良好的维护可以很好地改善口腔卫生。     

牙周病患者移位前牙的牙周正畸联合治疗

牙周病造成牙周组织的破坏,导致前牙的唇向散开、伸长、移位、覆覆盖加深等错畸形,严重影响患者的美观,并出现咬合创伤,而创伤又进一步加重牙周组织的破坏,长期以来,牙周和正畸医生都在探索对此理想的治疗方法[1～7]。本研究选择17例由于牙周病导致前牙错位的患者,采用牙周正畸联合治疗,通过临床及X线检查分析,评价该治疗方法的疗效。一、材料和方法1.病例资料:选择牙周病患者17例,其中男性6例,女性11例,年龄26～46岁,平均37.5岁。患者均因牙周病导致前牙唇向散开、移位。2.观察指标:为了全面评价牙周-正畸联合治疗的效果,所有因牙周病…     

浅谈正畸治疗中牙周健康的重要性

牙周组织的健康和稳定是获得安全、高效正畸疗效的基础,是达到正畸治疗美观、功能、稳定目标的重要保障。牙齿的稳定需要健康牙周组织的支持,正畸牙移动需要牙周组织的适应性改建;牙齿的良好排列以及平衡的 力体系对牙周组织的健康有重要的促进和维护作用。健康矫治离不开健康牙周组织的存在和改建;通过合理的正畸治疗可以获得和...     

正畸治疗中拔牙间隙处的牙周变化

正畸治疗过程中,拔牙间隙处常常出现牙龈堆积、牙龈炎症、牙槽骨丧失、拔牙间隙复发等问题。本文就这些问题进行探讨,并提出相应对策。     

固定正畸患者75例牙周状况分析

目的　探讨在固定正畸时口腔卫生宣教和牙周洁治对维护患者口腔卫生、减少牙周组织疾病的作用。方法　选择75例错牙合畸形患者 ,随机分成 3组 :口腔卫生宣教组、口腔卫生宣教加牙周洁治组和对照组 ,分别在矫治前、矫治 1个月、矫治6个月时对其进行临床牙周检查。结果　接受固定矫治后 ,口腔卫生宣教组与口腔卫生宣教加牙周洁治组的临床牙周指数低于对照组 ;接受固定矫治 6个月时 ,口腔卫生宣教加牙周洁治组的临床牙周指数低于口腔卫生宣教组。结论　应加强口腔卫生宣传教育 ,有条件的可以定期进行牙周洁治 ,以减少固定正畸矫治患者牙龈炎的发生和发展     

牙周序列治疗在牙周炎患者正畸过程中的临床疗效观察

目的：评价牙周序列治疗在牙周炎患者正畸治疗中所起的作用。方法：选择26例要求正畸治疗的成人牙周炎患者,在正畸治疗前开始牙周序列治疗并持续至正畸治疗结束,记录治疗前和牙周治疗后1个月、正畸治疗结束时的PLI、PD、BI、CAL。结果：成人牙周炎患者经过序列治疗和正畸治疗后各项牙周检查指标较治疗前差别均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：牙周炎患者在牙周序列治疗控制炎症后进行正畸治疗可以达到较好的效果。     

正畸对牙周软硬组织影响的研究进展

随着经济不断发展,人们生活水平改善,对口腔颌面部的美观要求也在逐渐提高,越来越多错牙合畸形患者寻求正畸治疗.通过正畸治疗可以改善患者颌面部外形美观,增强患者自信心,同时通过排齐牙列,使自我菌斑控制更容易,但正畸治疗对牙周软硬组织的影响不可忽视.本文就正畸治疗与牙周炎之间的关系及其对牙周软硬组织的影响作一简要综述.     

Alterations of the position of the marginal soft tissue following periodontal surgery

The present study was performed to examine the alterations of the position of the marginal soft tissue ("gingival margin") on the buccal surface of teeth in patients who following periodontal surgery were enrolled in a supervised maintenance care program for 10--11 years. The material consisted of 43 patients with severe destruction of the periodontal tissues. Following initial treatment comprising scaling, root planing and instructions in plaque control measures, deepened periodontal pockets were eliminated by the use of an apically repositioned flap procedure including osseous surgery to eliminate bony defects. After treatment, the patients were recalled once every 3--6 months for maintenance care. In all patients, the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the gingival margin on the buccal surfaces of all treated teeth was assessed (1) prior to surgery, (2) after initial healing, and (3) at a reexamination 10--11 years after treatment. In addition, the presence or absence of keratinized gingiva was determined. The results showed that (1) during active periodontal treatment the position of the gingival margin was shifted in an apical direction, (2) this displacement was to some extent compensated for by a coronal regrowth during the postoperative maintenance care period, (3) the alterations of the position of the gingival margin followed a similar pattern in areas with and without a zone of keratinized gingiva, (4) the number of gingival units devoid of keratinized gingiva decreased during the maintenance care period.     

Periodontal treatment and HbA1c levels in subjects with diabetes mellitus

It has earlier been reported that individuals with poorly controlled diabetes have severe periodontal disease (PD) compared to well‐controlled diabetes. This longitudinal interventional study compared periodontal treatment outcomes with HbA1c level changes in four groups of diabetic and non‐diabetic patients with or without PD, respectively. HbA1c, bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index and periodontal pocket depth (PPD) 4 < 6 mm and ≥6 mm were recorded at baseline to 3 months after non‐surgical treatment and 3–6 months for surgical treatment in subjects with or without T2D, and with or without PD. A total of 129 patients were followed from baseline to 6 months. Diabetics with PD and without PD showed reductions in HbA1c levels with a mean value of 0·3% after 3 months and mean values of 1% and 0·8%, respectively, after 6 months. Diabetics with PD showed higher levels of BOP versus non‐diabetics without PD (P < 0·01) and versus diabetics without PD (P < 0·05) at baseline. After 6 months, diabetics with PD showed higher number of PPD 4 < 6 mm versus diabetics without PD (P < 0·01) and non‐diabetics with PD (P < 0·01). Diabetics without PD showed higher levels of PPD 4 < 6 mm versus non‐diabetics without PD (P < 0·01). Surgical and non‐surgical periodontal treatment in all groups improved periodontal inflammatory conditions with a decrease in HbA1c levels in a period of three and 6 months. No change was seen in the number of pockets PPD 4 < 6 mm in diabetic subjects with PD after non‐surgical and surgical treatment.     

Aggressive periodontitis diagnosed during or before orthodontic treatment

Abstract

Objective. The aim was to review the literature on aggressive periodontitis diagnosed during or before the initiation of orthodontic treatment and to propose preventive recommendations before, during and after orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods. Literature searches of free text and MeSH terms were performed by using PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library and the appropriate studies were selected. The retrieved articles were analyzed and the relevant data was tabulated according to different parameters. Results. A total of 220 articles were found in the preliminary search. Eighteen studies, all case reports, describing 21 cases from this search met all the criteria. The mean age of the reported cases was 21.12 years, all treated with combined periodontal and orthodontic modalities. Most of the reported cases were female. Conclusion. An interdisciplinary dental team must approve the periodontal health prior to and during the course of the orthodontic therapy. In subjects with periodontal pathology, a periodontal consultation and interceptive/corrective therapy should be performed prior to commencing with orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatment should be postponed or replanned in order to shorten treatment duration and reduce the orthodontic forces exerted on the aggressive periodontitis involved dentition.     

Periodontal status of neighboring teeth after orthodontic closure of mandibular extraction sites

abstract — The gingival health, pocket depth and loss of fiber attachment of the mandibular first molars and first premolars were studied by clinical and radiographic methods after the embedded second premolar had been surgically removed on one side and extracted after eruption on the other, and the spaces had been closed orthodontically. Twenty-nine children participated in the study. Their mean age at the time of tooth removal was 11 years 3 months. The mean duration of the treatment was 20 months, and the children were examined 1 1/2 to 2 years after removal of the bands. The gingival status was generally similar on both sides. Some constriction of the alveolar process was observed in more than half the cases, both after extraction and after surgical removal. The loss of attachment on the buccal and lingual surfaces was approximately the same in both groups, whereas the radiographic distance from the cementoenamel junction to the bone margin on the proximal surfaces adjacent to the removed tooth was somewhat greater after extraction than after surgical removal.     

Long-term periodontal status of labially erupted canines following orthodontic treatment

Periodontal status was studied at the mesiobuccal, midbuccal and distobuccal aspects of contralateral pairs of canines in 22 postorthodontic patients aged 30 to 51 years with a mean time of 26.4 years (SD, 5.6) out of active treatment. The pretreatment models showed one canine erupting severely to the labial ("ectopic") with a contralateral canine in good arch alignment (control). None of the patients experienced relapse of the "ectopic" canine in a labial direction, and none had missing teeth, malalignment, overhanging restorations or open tooth contacts adjacent to the canines evaluated. Periodontal parameters were examined using a Michigan #0 probe with Williams markings. A nonstandardized light force was used and the measurements were rounded to the nearest millimeter. The results demonstrated statistically significant differences between the canines in probing attachment and bone levels (mean, 0.75; SD, 0.92; P less than 0.01) and width of attached gingiva (mean, 0.50; SD, 1.07; p less than 0.05) at the midbuccal aspects. The reason for these differences could only be speculated upon.     

Bleeding on probing. A parameter for monitoring periodontal conditions in clinical practice

Abstract. The present study is a follow-up report on the use of bleeding on probing (BOP) as a clinical indicator for disease progression or periodontal stability, respectively. Following active periodontal therapy, 39 patients were incorporated in a program of supportive periodontal therapy for a period of 53 months with recall intervals varying between 2–8 months. The patients received supportive therapy 7 to 14 ×. At the beginning of each maintenance visit, the tissues were evaluated using BOP. Reinstrumentation was only performed at sites which bled on probing. However, supragingival plaque and calculus were always removed. Probing depth and probing attachment levels were determined after active treatment and at the conclusion of the study. Progression of periodontal disease was defined by a measured loss of probing attachment of 2 mm or more. During the observation period, 4.2% of all the sites lost attachment. Approximately 50% of these losses were due to periodontal disease progression, while the other half was the result of attachment loss in conjunction with recession of the gingiva. 2/3 of all the sites which lost attachment were found in a group of patients which presented a mean BOP 30%. In a group of patients-with a mean BOP of 20%, only 1/5 of the loser sites were found. This clearly indicated, that patients with a mean BOP of 20% have a significantly lower risk for further loss of probing attachment at single sites.     

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提要：牙周炎是人类最常见的感染性疾病之一,与全身健康有着密切关系。牙周炎经过基础治疗及手术治疗可取得良好效果,然而长期治疗效果并不理想,本文就牙周维护治疗的意义、影响因素及具体实施进行简要阐述。     

Periodontal treatment of multi rooted teeth.

Abstract This paper describes: (1) a system for classification and treatment of furcation involvements, and (2) a 5-year post-operative evaluation of 100 patients treated for periodontal breakdown in the bi/tri-furction areas. The results of this study demonstrate that it is possible to arrest further destruction within the root furcation area. The successful treatment of the multirooted teeth was probably the consequence of: (1) the quasi total elimination of plaque retention areas from the bi/tri-furcation area, and (2) meticulous oral hygiene by the patients.