Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum: MR features

We report the MR imaging features of a pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum. To our knowledge, whereas the CT findings of pleomorphic adenomas of the nasal septum have been reported, the MR features of this rare entity have not been reported in the English-language literature.     

CT demonstration of accessory nasal turbinates: secondary middle turbinate and bifid inferior turbinate

Normally, there are three pairs of nasal turbinates in the nasal cavity. Coronal computed tomographies of 253 cases of sinusitis were examined for the presence of additional turbinates and bilateral secondary middle turbinates were detected in two cases. Also, we describe another accessory turbinate, 'bifid inferior turbinate', in one of these cases. Existence of these accessory turbinates may occur during embryologic development of lateral nasal wall.     

Pleomorphic adenoma of the breast

Pleomorphic adenoma is a very rare benign tumor of the breast. Only 70 cases have been reported in the world literature. Recently, we encountered a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the breast and thus present here the mammographic and ultrasonographic findings with the pathology of this rare breast tumor. The patient was a 76-year-old Japanese woman with a right breast mass. The mammography showed a 1.5-cm, lobulated high-density mass with partially ill-defined margins. Ultrasonography revealed an irregularly shaped mass with partially ill defined borders, hypoechoic and heterogeneous internal echoes, and posterior acoustic enhancement. These findings suggested an invasive carcinoma. Awareness of this type of tumor will help in correct diagnosis, in spite of the rarity of this disease.     

CT appearance of pneumatized inferior turbinate

AIM: To study the computed tomography (CT) features of pneumatized inferior turbinate (PIT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of paranasal sinus CT over a period of 12 years showed 16 cases of PIT. The pneumatization pattern was analysed according to the classification proposed by Bolger. Pneumatization was classified into three types: bulbous, lamellar, and extensive. RESULTS: Fourteen patients had unilateral and two patients had bilateral pneumatization (n=18). Seven (39%) of the 18 PIT were bulbous, nine (50%) were lamellar, and two (11%) were of the extensive type. In eight (44%) cases there was communication between the medial wall of the maxillary sinus and the PIT. CONCLUSIONS: The features of PIT can be readily identified on CT. Imaging helps clinicians to differentiate PIT from other causes of the inferior turbinate hypertrophy or complications.     

Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland.

A case of pleomorphic adenoma arising from the deep lobe of the parotid gland is presented. Controversy often surrounds the management of a parotid lump, and many investigations are of little help. The first operation cures most salivary tumours and the patient usually has no residual disability. There is no place for the use of radiotherapy, in the treatment of pleomorphic adenoma.     

下鼻甲气化的高分辨率CT表现

目的 探讨下鼻甲气化的高分辨率CT（HRCT）表现，评价HRCT的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析12例经HRCT显示的下鼻甲气化的资料，分析其影像学表现。结果 冠状面HRCT可清晰、直观地显示下鼻甲气化，其中单侧11例，双侧1例。根据下鼻甲气化的部位分为泡状型、板型和弥漫型3种类型，其中泡状型5例，冠状面HRCT呈结节状1例，卵圆形和椭圆形各2例；板型5例，其中4例在冠状面HRCT上呈弯曲的条状并与上颌窦相通，另1例呈椭圆形；弥漫型2例，在冠状面HRCT上呈弯曲的带状并与上颌窦相通1例，呈卵圆形1例。5例与上颌窦相通者在横断面HRCT上显示上颌窦内壁缺损，腭骨的上颌突、上颌骨各自独立附着于下鼻甲。结论 HRCT是显示下鼻甲气化的最佳方法，可直接作出诊断并能帮助临床与其他原因造成的下鼻甲肥大进行鉴别。     

Classification of the inferior turbinate bones: a computed tomography study

BACKGROUND: There are only few reports describing the texture of the inferior turbinate bone in normal and pathologic conditions. In this study, different types of human inferior turbinate bones were classified and radiological features of each type were defined. METHODS: The shape, structure and density of the inferior turbinate bones were evaluated using paranasal sinus computed tomography images of 283 patients. The cross-sectional areas of the bony part of the inferior turbinate were measured in bone windows. RESULTS: Human inferior turbinate bones were classified into four groups on the basis of different shape and structure as: Type I, lamellar; Type II, compact; Type III, combined type (compact with spongious component); Type IV, bullous. The distribution was as follows: 352 (62.19%) lamellar, 50 (8.83%) compact, 162 (28.63%) combined, and 2(0.35%) bullous type. CONCLUSION: Inferior turbinate bone is not in a uniform shape and structure. These diversities should be taken into consideration in radiological and clinical evaluation.     

Pleomorphic adenoma presenting low T2 signal-intensity on magnetic resonance imaging

We report an unusual case of pleomorphic adenoma of the submandibular gland in a 48-year-old female. The present case appeared as a relatively homogeneous, low to intermediate signal-intensity on the T(2) weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. To our knowledge, the MR feature of low T(2) signal-intensity of pleomorphic adenoma has not been reported in the literature.     

鼻腔泪囊置管治疗泪溢症

目的 :观察鼻腔泪囊置管治疗溢泪症的疗效。方法 :对 2 3 5例 (2 5 8眼 )溢泪症患者在局部麻醉、切口找到泪囊后 ,用探针探通阻塞鼻泪管 ,置入弹性医用硅胶管治疗。结果 :治愈 197眼 (76 4 % ) ,好转 4 4眼 (17 1% ) ,无效 17眼(6 5 % ) ,总有效 2 4 1眼 (93 5 % )。结论 :此法手术操作简单 ,出血少 ,恢复快 ,疗效确切 ,易为患者接受 ,值得推广。     

鼻内镜下聚焦超声治疗下鼻甲肥大的疗效评价

 目的 探讨鼻内镜下聚焦超声治疗下鼻甲肥大的临床应用价值.方法 选择65例下鼻甲肥大患者,随机分为聚焦超声组(35例)和下鼻甲部分切除术(PIT)组(30例),观察聚焦超声与PIT对下鼻甲肥大治疗的临床预后,评价其临床疗效.结果 聚焦超声组35例中,治愈率2.9%(1/35),显效率60%(21/35),无效率37.1%(13/35),总有效率为62.9%,术后无一例发生手术并发症.PIT组30例中,治愈率33.3%(10/30),显效率60%(18/30),无效率6.7%(2/30),总有效率为93.3%,术后并发症发生率为13.3%(4/30).结论 鼻内镜下聚焦超声治疗下鼻甲肥大具有操作简单、创伤小、可重复性等其他术式无法比拟的优点,安全性较高;但治疗有效率低于治疗下鼻甲肥大的其他术式.     

Pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands: common and uncommon CT and MR imaging features

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common salivary gland tumor and is characterized by cytomorphological and architectural diversity. On CT and MR images, PAs are shown as well-defined lesions occasionally accompanied by characteristic lobulated contours. On T2-weighted images, typical PAs show marked hyperintensity, which reflects the abundant myxochondroid stroma, with a hypointense rim indicating the fibrous capsule. However, intratumoral signal intensity varies according to the cellular density, proportion of epithelial and stromal components, and type of stromal components. In addition, a variety of secondary histological changes, including fibrosis, lipometaplasia, ossification, cystic degeneration, and infarction, occur rarely in PAs; therefore, they are associated with difficulty in differential diagnosis from other salivary gland tumors. This review article describes the common and uncommon CT and MR imaging features of PA of the salivary glands.     

游离下鼻甲黏骨膜瓣联合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子修补鼻中隔穿孔的临床研究

目的 探讨应用游离下鼻甲黏骨膜瓣联合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子修补鼻中隔穿孔的效果.方法 2002年1月～2008年12月对铜梁县和大坪医院23例鼻中隔穿孔在鼻内镜下采用鼻中隔黏膜下矫正术的方法分离鼻中隔穿孔周围的黏软骨膜及骨膜,取合适大小的下鼻甲黏骨膜瓣用医用胶固定于鼻中隔黏软骨膜及骨膜袋内,完全封闭鼻中隔穿孔并局部应用...     

Pleomorphic adenoma with extensive ossified and calcified degeneration: unusual CT findings in one case

We report a case of pleomorphic adenoma, which presented as a large bone-attenuation mass in the parapharyngeal space. CT scanning showed a large lobulated bone-attenuation mass with a scanty soft-tissue component.     

腮腺多形性腺瘤和腺淋巴瘤的MSCT灌注成像研究

目的:探讨腮腺多形性腺瘤和腺淋巴瘤的MSCT灌注成像特征,以提高两者的诊断及鉴别诊断水平。方法:19例腮腺肿瘤患者术前行常规MSCT平扫后立即进行灌注扫描,采集数据输入Philips EBW后处理工作站,使用Perfusion软件进行数据处理,通过动态分析模块获得肿瘤感兴趣区时间-密度曲线(TDC),计算肿瘤血容量(BV)、达峰时间(TTP)和强化峰值(PEI),并根据色阶分别获取相应的伪彩图。所有患者最终均经手术病理学明确诊断。结果:1手术病理:19例腮腺肿瘤中,多形性腺瘤6例,腺淋巴瘤12例(其中2例因图像伪影明显不计入研究),腮腺癌1例(排除研究)。2MSCT灌注TDC特征:9例腺淋巴瘤呈"快进快退"型,1例呈"快进缓降"型,6例多形性腺瘤均呈"缓慢上升"型。3腺淋巴瘤的BV和PEI值均高于多形性腺瘤,而TTP值低于多形性腺瘤(P均<0.05)。4受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线显示BV和PEI值在多形性腺瘤和腺淋巴瘤间具有统计学差异,曲线下面积分别为0.93和0.97,而TTP值在两者间不存在统计学差异。结论:MSCT灌注成像在腮腺多形性腺瘤和腺淋巴瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断中具有重要价值。     

黏膜下磨削法下鼻甲成形术80例报告

目的观察黏膜下磨削法下鼻甲成形术治疗慢性肥厚性鼻炎的疗效。方法选择慢性肥厚性鼻炎80例,在鼻内镜下采用黏膜下磨削法完成下鼻甲部分切除术。结果术后均随访2年,参考1997年海口标准:治愈72例(90%),好转8例(10%),有效率100%。结论黏膜下磨削法下鼻甲成形术既可以保留呼吸区黏膜,又可以削除肥厚的下鼻甲骨质,是治疗慢性肥厚性鼻炎更安全、微创和理想的方法。     

低温等离子消融治疗部队官兵下鼻甲肥厚的远期疗效评价

目的：评价低温等离子消融治疗部队官兵肥厚性鼻炎的远期疗效。方法：采用低温等离子刀行下鼻甲打孔消融治疗179例部队官兵肥厚性鼻炎,术后半年以上观察远期效果。结果：采用VAS评分法,鼻塞患者一次消融后,评分在0—1分81例（93．10％）;二次消融评分在0～1分6例（6．90％）。所有患者未见明显并发症,无萎缩性鼻炎。结论：低温等离子消融下鼻甲治疗慢性肥厚性鼻炎疗效显著,具有操作简便、低温、微创、安全及并发症少等优点,而且远期疗效好,不需住院,不影响部队官兵的日常训练。     

Retroperitoneal arteriovenous malformation extending through the inferior vena cava into the heart and causing inferior vena cava dissection

We present a case of retroperitoneal arteriovenous malformation extending through the inferior vena cava into the heart, which was associated with dissection of the inferior vena cava in a 32-year-old female. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a double-lumen inferior vena cava and a rod-like solid component attached to a sac-like lesion in the right heart chambers. Digital subtraction angiography showed an arteriovenous malformation draining to the inner lumen of the inferior vena cava.