药学查房与用药教育的教学实践与体会

目的:探究药学查房工作模式及教学方法,为临床药师病区药学监护及教学工作提供参考。方法:根据呼吸科临床药学工作经验,将我院呼吸科药学查房内容分为首次问诊与药学评估、日常药学查房与监护、出院带药教育、慢性病患者用药教育与随访、药物咨询5个部分。根据2011年原卫生部临床药师培训工作资料《临床药师培训学员考核方案-学员沟通和接诊能力面试评分表》中考核项目及要求,结合笔者工作与教学经验,将沟通和接诊能力培训分为3个阶段,包括带药教育、用药咨询、首次问诊、日常问诊、床旁病例汇报等5个部分培训项目,按学员培训阶段先后进行训练。结果与结论:药师专业信息的告知,对于改善患者用药依从性与规范性,从而提高治疗成功率、加强院外慢性疾病控制与管理、降低住院天数等方面有重要意义。病区药学查房工作模式与文书有待进一步探讨与规范。     

区级医院抗感染专业临床药师工作模式实践

结合本院实际情况和开展临床药学工作的体会进行分析总结,探索适合抗感染专业临床药师在区级医院临床工作中切实可行的工作模式。抗感染专业临床药师在区级医院可以通过药学查房、临床会诊、患者用药教育、抗菌药物处方点评、围手术期抗菌药物管理、制作安全用药宣传手册、设立用药咨询室、跟随家庭医师进社区等方面开展工作,为住院患者、门急诊患者、社区居民提供药学服务。     

浅谈临床药理学教学中的几点体会

临床药理学是临床医学生在开始临床实践活动前所接触的一门实用课程。为了提高临床药理学教学质量,培养具有扎实理论基础和一定临床工作能力的实用型医学人才,笔者通过总结在临床药理学教学中的经验与感受,就如何提高教学质量,培养学生学习的积极性和自主性,谈谈几点教学中的体会。     

我院临床药师开展儿科药学服务的经验与体会

目的:探讨临床药师在儿科开展药学服务的作用。方法:结合儿科工作经历和临床药学服务实践,介绍我院临床药师工作。结果与结论:临床药师应参与临床药物治疗团队的工作,与医师共同制订药物治疗方案,为提高临床治疗水平及保障患儿用药安全、有效起到促进作用。     

临床药理学教学方法的分析与探讨

临床药理学是基础与临床的交叉学科,是医学专业和药学专业的基础主干课程,临床药理学的教学工作对学生学业收获及后期职业发展均十分重要。该文总结了目前临床药理学教学的方法和技巧,供广大教师参考。对所述教学方法的综合应用将有助于提高教师教授临床药理学的教学水平和教学质量,有助于提高学生学习临床药理学的兴趣和效果。     

神经内科临床药师开展药学服务的切入点分析

目的探讨临床药师在神经内科开展药学服务的工作模式和切入点。方法分析总结神经内科临床药师在药物治疗、给药环节、患者用药教育及重点监护对象的选择等方面的工作体会,总结其具体工作内容和模式。结果临床药师选择重点监护对象,通过药物咨询、药学查房和参加会诊等方式提供药学服务,对患者的诊治发挥了重要作用,取得了明显效果。结论临床药师可从多个方面提供多种形式的药学服务,以有效促进临床安全、合理用药。     

Historical study of clinical pharmacy education in Japan (part 2) retrospective evaluation of the roles of the one-year graduate course of clinical pharmacy practice (Yakugaku Senkouka) at Meijo University

Clinical pharmacy practice education started 30 years ago in Japan. Since 1975, a one-year graduate course, clinical pharmacy practice (Yakugaku Senkouka), has been offered at Meijo University, making it a leading school to raise pharmacists with sufficient experience in hospital settings. This article describes the scope of the course, the development of educational systems to meet public demand for new pharmaceutical skills, and the influences on reforming the Japanese health-care system. The content consists of the following: (1) The process of building up the first curricula of clerkship, (2) requirements for admission, namely including an essay, an interview, school records and an aptitude test, (3) establishing the teaching discipline, (4) achievement goals, (5) learning process modeled on methods used in the United States, (6) establishing the concept of medical ethics, (7) professional status of course graduates, and (8) nationwide influence on the social health-care of the country. The one-year graduate course of clinical pharmacy practice was terminated in 2002 and is to be reintroduced as a two-year graduate school course to cope with the present and future trends in health-care systems.     

Training the "clinical scientist" through a combined industrial/academic fellowship

A novel two-year fellowship program is described which provides specialized training both in clinical drug research and drug development methodology for pharmacists with previous clinical experience. Pharmaceutical industry, university and hospital research facilities are used as the training laboratories, and collectively offer theoretical as well as practical research skills development. Traditional didactic and laboratory training are provided within university and hospital environments with emphasis in the conduct of clinical trials. Extramural experience with pharmaceutical industry provides a corollary experience which includes exposure to ethical, legal and regulatory issues involving both investigational and marketed drugs. Following successful completion of the fellowship, the pharmacist is expected to have developed the fundamental skills necessary for a career in academia, pharmaceutical industry, or clinical practice.     

军队中小医院临床教学能力建设探讨

提高临床教学能力,是军队中小医院加强自身人才队伍建设、适应医学教育改革的迫切需要,是军队医院继续医学教育工作的重要任务。本文从完善临床教学管理体系,狠抓临床教学质量,强化临床教学支撑条件等方面对军队中小医院提高临床教学能力进行探讨。     

药历讨论与问题为导向教学法在临床药理学教学中的应用

临床药理学是基础医学与临床医学的交叉学科,是药学专业的基础主干课程.在临床药理学的教学中运用药历讨论与问题为导向(PBL)教学法,为学生提供一种接近真实临床实际的教学环境,以学生讨论为主,激发了学生的主动学习兴趣,有利于加强学生的自学能力和综合思考能力,培养学生的临床药学思维.     

从实例中体会临床药学服务

目的:探讨临床药学服务的内容和作用。方法:通过实例,对我院开展临床药学服务的经验进行总结。结果与结论:临床药学服务有利于医院提高医疗质量、减少医疗风险。医院应建立临床药师制,支持临床药师工作。     

21世纪医院药学工作与临床药师培养

以药物提供为特点的传统医院药学工作模式在21世纪将面临生存危机,临床药学或药学监护是21世纪医院药学工作的主要内容.解决临床药师缺乏的问题是临床药学与药学监护工作的关键,也是医院药学工作模式转变的关键.临床药师培养的基本途径有:本科教育、毕业后教育、继续教育、研究生教育等.本科教育作为临床药师培养的基本方式是十分必要的;毕业后教育和继续教育是目前本科教育规模小而采取的临床药师培养的有效方法;研究生教育应该成为师资培养和临床药学工作骨干与学科带头人的重要途径.临床药师培养应明确为病人服务的宗旨.     

基层医院开展临床药学服务的实践与体会

目的探讨基层医院开展临床药学服务的方法和体会。方法通过用药咨询、处方点评、临床合理用药指导和药物不良反应监测等模式有力推进该院临床药学工作的深入开展。结果通过近年来的实践与摸索,该院的临床药学服务模式已具雏形。结论临床药学服务的开展切实提高了医院的合理用药水平。     

开展专科临床药学的工作体会

目的探讨临床药师在临床治疗中的作用。方法通过临床药师对病人实施药学服务实践,开展分析评价并总结经验。结果药师下临床可以降低医疗成本,减少不良反应,降低医疗风险,提高药物治疗水平。结论临床药学是一门实践性学科,深入临床,以病人为中心是开展临床药学的必经之路。     

临床药学服务工作实践与探讨

目的:探讨基层综合性医院临床药学服务工作的内容、形式,促进合理用药水平,提高医疗质量。方法:通过对某医院开展临床药学工作内容与模式的总结,结合基层综合性医院的实际情况,提出开展临床药学工作的思路方法。结果:通过开展药师参与查房与会诊、处方评价、用药咨询等工作,促进了临床合理用药。结论:临床药学服务工作能有效地指导和促进临床合理用药。     

Instruction in clinical pharmacology: changes in the wind

We have presented some views on past, present and potential trends for teaching clinical pharmacology in the medical curriculum. Clinical pharmacology as subject matter in the medical curriculum has been operationally defined for our purposes as: (1) the application of fundamental principles of basic pharmacology to rational drug therapy in humans; and (2) the application of appropriate nuances of the human pharmacology of individual drugs to their use in particular disease states. In terms of improving the results of drug therapy, arguments were advanced for the importance of teaching clinical pharmacology at all levels in the medical curriculum and in postgraduate medical education. The introduction of so many new and potent pharmaceuticals over the past 25 years requires well educated and skilled medical practitioners adept and well versed in the fundamental principles of basic and applied pharmacology, so as to achieve the most prudent, effective and economically sound use of these drugs as possible. This creates a challenge to medical educators, particularly those involved in teaching clinical pharmacology, to devise innovative teaching techniques and curricular changes that foster these goals. In an attempt to address these challenges, we have reviewed some innovative teaching approaches and curricular reforms, both published and unpublished, that have already met with success, and we have also discussed some future trends in teaching both undergraduate and graduate physicians the fundamental principles of rational drug therapy. The challenges and issues involved in these future trends have been identified and will be addressed in subsequent articles in this journal. These will be concerned with teaching clinical pharmacology: (1) in basic medical pharmacology courses; (2) to upperclass medical students; and (3) in continuing medical education programs. Subsequent articles will also deal with new and innovative teaching modalities for clinical pharmacology and with the role of the drug industry in these modalities.     

基于临床药师工作实践构建电子药历管理平台

目的：构建高效实用的电子药历管理平台,协助临床药师开展药学服务,保障医疗质量和医疗安全。方法：电子药历管理平台采用C++语言编写,尝试与电子病历系统实现无缝对接;根据患者在院流程设置七大药学服务模块,实现患者的全程化药学管理,并制定了患者药学监护的分级管理制度。结果：药历和病历系统的融合真正实现了医药护数据的无缝对接和共享,能让医护及时了解相关药学建议,促进合理用药;药学监护的全流程化则确保了患者药学监护的连续性和完整性;而药学监护分级管理制度则让临床药师的工作有的放矢,在提高效率的同时突出了重点。结论：该电子药历管理平台的构建不仅促进了我院临床药学工作的发展,而且为我国临床药学电子药历的规范化建设和管理提供参考,对医疗质量和医疗安全的保障起到了积极作用。     

我院临床药师药物咨询分析

目的：对临床用药咨询进行分析,了解临床需求,提高临床药学服务质量。方法：收集整理100例临床药物咨询资料,对用药咨询的内容进行回顾性分析。结果：咨询药物中以抗感染药物最多（33%）,咨询内容分类中药物用法用量最多（17.6％）。结论：药物咨询是临床药学工作的重要内容,有助于临床药师与医护人员、患儿及家属的交流,提供合理安全的用药。     

口腔颌面外科临床药师工作模式初探

结合我院在临床开展药学查房、药学问诊、医嘱审核、药学服务等各项工作的实践情况,总结颌面外科临床药师工作内容与经验,探索颌面外科临床药师工作模式,进一步提高药学服务水平,促进临床合理用药。     

Pharmacy student clinical training for study on the efficacy of hospital infection control

I describe an ideal method of collaboration with a clinical pharmacy education and university education. In the clinical site, there are a lot of clinical problems that the pharmacist should solve. When pharmacy students start clinical training, the pharmaceutical problem might be found. It is necessary to demonstrate it scientifically to improve pharmaceutical problems. Problem-solving ability is necessary for the pharmacist education in the future. But it is difficult to study fundamental research in the hospital. It is necessary to cooperate for us with the university. Fundamental research is needed to guide at the university. A clinical education is guided in the hospital. Cooperation and roles are important.