共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 134 毫秒
1.
目的不育夫妇中,50%与男性因素相关,随着不育症的发病率增高,对男性生育力的正确评估显得尤为重要。《世界卫生组织人类精液检查与处理实验室手册》的更新不断推动着男科实验室的发展,也提出了问题与挑战。正确认识精液质量评估的各种参数与男性生育力之间的关系对临床诊断以及治疗方案的选择至关重要。 相似文献
2.
世界卫生组织(WHO)为对精液质量参数提供参考范围,对《世界卫生组织人类精液分析实验室技术手册》(简称手册)进行了大幅修订。这引发如何定义正常(不包括用此概念表示高斯分布)的问题。其可作为一个纯粹的统计学概念,使用生物学上主观设定的切点值表示异常水平,通常为末端5%的人群。正常的另一定义也可根据生物学上常态和非常态的概念,表示生物学功能受损的临界点。这两者都可以用于描述性流行病学,例如研究变化趋势。但在考虑生育时,精液质量和生育力(使配偶妊娠的时间)两者都是连续变量,缺乏确定的阈值。手册使用了生物学意义上的正常,因为提供的是在12个月或更短时间内使配偶妊娠男性的精液参数分布状态。但真正需要的却是反向的相同信息:获得一个特定的精液检测结果,预期生育能力如何,确定需要大概多长时间使配偶妊娠。从流行病学研究角度考虑,研究重点主要在于内部比较,而不是参考范围。如果更关注绝对值及其功能意义,换言之,如果精液分析数据从生物学角度上得到更好的校准,这将大有裨益。 相似文献
3.
Joffe M 《国外医学(计划生育.生殖健康分册)》2010,29(3):195-198
世界卫生组织(WHO)为对精液质量参数提供参考范围,对《世界卫生组织人类精液分析实验室技术手册》(简称手册)进行了大幅修订。这引发如何定义“正常”(不包括用此概念表示高斯分布)的问题。其可作为一个纯粹的统计学概念,使用生物学上主观设定的切点值表示异常水平,通常为末端5%的人群。“正常”的另一定义也可根据生物学上常态和非常态的概念,表示生物学功能受损的临界点。这两者都可以用于描述性流行病学,例如研究变化趋势。但在考虑生育时,精液质量和生育力(使配偶妊娠的时间)两者都是连续变量,缺乏确定的阈值。手册使用了生物学意义上的“正常”,因为提供的是在12个月或更短时间内使配偶妊娠男性的精液参数分布状态。但真正需要的却是反向的相同信息:获得一个特定的精液检测结果,预期生育能力如何,确定需要大概多长时间使配偶妊娠。从流行病学研究角度考虑,研究重点主要在于内部比较,而不是参考范围。如果更关注绝对值及其功能意义,换言之,如果精液分析数据从生物学角度上得到更好的校准,这将大有裨益。 相似文献
4.
目的了解广西地区正常生育力男性的精液质量状况。方法选择广西地区有生育力的男性进行精液检测,对精液的各主要参数进行分析,比较壮族和汉族不同居住地间的差别。结果 687例正常生育力男性的精子密度、存活率、精液量和pH值与世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)——第4版的正常参考值符合率较高,液化时间、正常精子形态率和活动力的符合率偏低。其中有321例(46.72%)达到世界卫生组织的精液分析正常值标准。汉族正常精子形态率则低于壮族,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。居住在农村的男性和城市的相比较,除pH值无明显差异(P>0.05)外,其他参数均明显优于城市,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广西地区正常生育力男性的精液参数与国内其他调查分析结果相似;广西汉族、壮族间精液质量差别不大,农村男性的精液质量优于城市男性。 相似文献
5.
同年龄组间差异有统计学意义.精子密度、精子活力和正常形态精子率40~岁组和50~59岁组均显著低于<30岁及30~岁组,精子存活率50~59岁以上组显著低于其他3个年龄组,精子活力50~59岁组也显著低于40~岁组.结论 随着男性年龄的增长精液质量下降,评价精液质量应考虑男性年龄因素的影响. 相似文献
6.
十二烷基苯磺酸钠对雄性小鼠生育力的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对雄性小鼠生育力的影响。方法:分别将120只昆明种雌、雄性小鼠随机分为4组,每组30只。A组为与染毒SDBS两个月后的雄性小鼠交配的雌鼠;B组为与染毒SDBS两个月,停止染毒一个月后的雄鼠交配的雌鼠。A、B两组分别设对照组为a组、b组。对各组怀孕率、孕鼠平均产子数及其胎鼠情况进行比较分析。结果:与对照组相比,A、B两组的怀孕率、孕鼠平均产子数、孕鼠腹中死胎、畸胎与吸收胎比例明显降低,有显著性差异(P<0.05);A、B两组相比,小鼠怀孕率、孕鼠平均产子数、孕鼠腹中死胎、畸胎与吸收胎比例无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:十二烷基苯磺酸钠对雄性小鼠的生育力有显著影响,并且在停止染毒后的短时期内不能恢复。 相似文献
7.
目的:了解现阶段天津市具有正常生育力健康男性的精液质量,探讨影响精液质量的因素.方法:以《世界卫生组织人类精液分析实验室技术手册》(第4版)为依据,使用奥林巴斯BX40相差显微镜检测天津市120例具有生育力的健康志愿者(19~38岁,在3个月内使性伴侣或配偶妊娠或子女年龄≤1岁的有生育能力男性志愿者)的精液质量,分析年龄、禁欲时间以及吸烟、饮酒、饮茶或咖啡对精液质量的影响.结果:①120例具有生育力的男性精液质量肉眼观察正常,其中17例(14.17%)精子密度<20×106个/mL;6例(5.00%)精子存活率<50%;20例(16.7%)精液不完全符合标准.②志愿者中不同年龄、吸烟量、饮酒程度、禁欲时间组间精子a+b级活力、精子存活率以及精子密度、pH值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).③经常喝咖啡与不经常喝咖啡组的精液pH值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而精子a+b级活力、精子存活率以及精子密度等参数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).④经常喝茶与不经常喝茶组的精子密度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而精子a+b级活力、精子存活率等参数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:120例男性精液质量基本符合世界卫生组织(WHO)规定参考值标准,尽管少量精液不完全符合WHO参考值,但并不影响其生育力.本研究发现,年龄、禁欲时间以及吸烟、饮酒对精液质量无明显影响.经常饮茶可降低精子密度,经常饮用咖啡影响精液pH. 相似文献
8.
精液分析标准化和精液质量评估 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
陈振文 《中国计划生育学杂志》2006,14(10):634-637
精液分析是评估男子生育力的重要方法,也是男科疾病诊断以及疗效观察的实验依据。由于精液分析中各参数并不能确定达到受精位置的少数精子的受精能力,因此要正确评估男子生育能力还需要结合临床和其它精子功能检测指标进行综合评估。精液分析结果易受射精频度,温度,实验室条件, 相似文献
9.
目的研究双酚A(bisphenol A,BPA)、壬基酚(nonylphenol,NP)对小鼠生育力影响的联合作用类型,为正确评价BPA,NP在环境中共存时对机体产生的损害效应提供毒理学依据。方法选择健康、性成熟、体重22-24 g清洁级昆明种小鼠400只,雌雄各半,随机分为BPA低、中、高剂量染毒组(48,120,240 mg/kg),NP低、中、高剂量染毒组(24,60,120 mg/kg)和(NP BPA)低、中、高剂量混合染毒组(NP 12 mg/kg BPA 24 mg/kg,NP 30 mg/kg BPA 60 mg/kg,NP 60 mg/kg BPA 120 mg/kg)。按美国FDA推荐方法进行生育力研究,并应用金正均法对混合染毒BPA和NP对生育力影响的联合作用进行评价。结果活精率、交配率、着床率在混合染毒的低、中剂量组中,其联合作用均为相加作用,在高剂量组为拮抗作用;妊娠率在低剂量组为相加作用,在中、高剂量组为拮抗作用,精子形态正常率在低、中、高各剂量组均为相加作用;生育力、活胎率、死胎率在低、中、高剂量组均为拮抗作用。结论BPA和NP对小鼠生育力影响的联合作用类型,在低剂量组为相加作用,在中剂量组既有相加作用,又有拮抗作用,在高剂量组主要为拮抗作用。 相似文献
10.
目的:调查精液黏度对于精液质量的影响,判断相关的因素.方法:本研究选择的研究对象为我院男性不育门诊的患者,共收录本研究100例,所有患者均选自2016年1月到2017年6月,根据患者的精液的黏度是否正常划分为黏度增高组和黏度正常组,对于患者的精液情况进行检查.结果:对于患者的精液黏度正常组以及患者的精液黏度增高,组的精液量、精子密度、ABC三级精子百分比,正常形态精子百分比以及精子的运动轨迹等各项参数进行比较,相互之间没有差异,P>0.05,不具有统计学意义;而黏度增高组患者的精液的PH值,液化时间、D级精子百分比明显高于正常组,P<0.05,具有统计学意义;精液黏度增高和精液白细胞数量没有关联,和精浆抗精子抗体存在正相关.结论:精液黏稠度的增高能够使精液液化的时间延长,它能够增强ph值,还可能降低精子的存活率,降低精子的活动率降低精子的活动率,与精浆抗精子抗体存在明显关联,所以在临床上需要引起临床医生的高度重视. 相似文献
11.
Dalvie MA Myers JE Thompson ML Robins TG Dyer S Riebow J Molekwa J Jeebhay M Millar R Kruger P 《Environmental research》2004,96(1):1-8
Hormonally active chemicals in the environment such as DDT have been associated with declining male reproductive health, especially semen quality. A cross-sectional study of 60 workers was performed near the Malaria Control Center (MCC) in Tzaneen, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Tests included a questionnaire (sexual function, fertility, and job history), a physical examination of the reproductive system, and semen analysis (produced via coitus interruptus or masturbation). Sperm count, density, and motility using the World Health Organization criteria and morphology using the strict Tygerberg criteria were determined. Serum o'p' and p'p' isomers of DDE, DDT, and DDD were measured. Forty-eight (81.0%) participants produced a semen sample, while all completed the questionnaires and physical examination. The mean sperm count was 93.8+/-130.3 million, and sperm density was 74.6+/-85.1 million/mL. The mean normal morphology score was 2.5+/-1.8% of subjects. Eighty-four percent of morphology scores were below either the WHO or the Tygerberg criteria, with the highest individual score being 6%. Self-perceived current problems with sexual function ranged between 10% and 20%. The most prevalent genital abnormality was abnormal testis disposition at 71%. There were few significant associations between DDT exposure measures (measured as years worked at MCC and serum DDT) and reproductive outcomes. p'p'-DDT was negatively associated with semen count (beta=-3.7+/-1.7; P=0.04; R2=0.05 adjusted for age, abstinence, physical abnormality, and fever in last 2 months). While the semen quality in the study was less than normal, no strong evidence for a DDT effect was found. 相似文献
12.
精液异常是男性不育的主要指征,拥有健康精液是优生优育的重要保证,随着科学技术的发展,各种影响生育的不良因素被逐渐认识。据报道,近几年我国育龄男性精液质量异常人数呈上升趋势,有关人员曾对此做过研究和统计,其中包括对一次性射精量、精液黏稠度、精液液化时间、以及精子总数、精子密度、正常精子形态、精子运动情况和精子成活率、活动率等,通过流行病学调查分析认为,造成精液异常的主要原因除年龄因素之外,物理因素、化学因素、生物因素、营养因素、病理因素以及不良的生活习惯都有可能对其产生影响。参照WHO标准,结合我国相关调查,总结造成育龄男性精液异常的各种原因,对确保精液质量的健康大有意义。因此,加强对环境的保护,调整生活方式,保持良好的身体状态十分重要。 相似文献
13.
《亚太生殖杂志》2014,3(2):134-141
ObjectiveTo elucidate the effect of age and sexual abstinence on semen quality (semen volume, total count, progressive motility, vitality and morphology).MethodsA total of 730 semen samples were analyzed. Subjects were grouped according to the age (20-29, 30–34, 35–39 and 40–50) and abstinence (2–3, 4–5 and 6–7). Semen parameters were evaluated following WHO standard criteria.ResultsAnalysis of 730 semen samples showed negative correlation of progressive motility (r=-0.131, P< 0.01), vitality (r=-0.173, P< 0.01), morphology (r=-0.324, P< 0.01) with age. With increase in age percentage of progressive motility, vitality and normal morphology in mean values declined after the age group of 35–39 to 40–50 years, but no change in volume and count were observed. Increase in abstinence with individual days significantly affected semen volume (H= 20.65, P< 0.001), count (H= 36.67, P<0.01), progressive motility (H= 13.53, P<0.05) and vitality (H= 15.33, P< 0.01). But, no effect was found on sperm morphology. Mann Whitney U test confirmed the changes in semen volume, total count and vitality in paired grouping from 2–7 days (P<0.05), but changes in sperm motility were observed after 5 days of abstinence in each paired group upto 7 days (P<0.05). Mean values of semen parameters among three abstinence groups (2–3, 4–5 and 6–7 days) also showed similar result.ConclusionsIn the present study, age negatively affected progressive motility, vitality and morphology of human sperm. Semen samples showed intra varied results within WHO amended abstinence period. 相似文献
14.
目的 分析中国年轻男性精液质量的地区性差别及影响因素。方法 研究对象来自全国7省(市)志愿者共562名,对合格者进行两次精液检查,质量测定指标有:精液量、黏稠度、液化时间、精液酸碱度、精子密度、活动精子百分比、畸形率等。结果 本项研究的结果显示,精液质量指标精液量、精子密度、精子前向运动率、精子存活率、正常形态精子百分率、精子总数在7省(市)之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。精液量以山西省自愿者最高(2.95 ml),河南最低(2.29 ml),其差值达28.82%。精子密度几何均数以贵州(36.27×106/ml)最低,山东(42.52×106/ml)其次,河北(74.77×106/ml)最高,河北和贵州的相差达一倍以上。精子前向运动率以河南最低(44.40%),其次为河北(51.88%)和浙江(52.88%),最高的是上海(76.50%)和山西(75.24%),其最高和最低值相差达72.30%。精子存活率最高的是上海(85.89%),最低的是河南(72.35%),其相差达18.71%。精子正常形态率以河北最低(68.45%),最高的是贵州(88.06%),相差达28.65%。精子总数的几何均数河北最高(204.23×106/ml),贵州最低(77.69×106/ml),相差达近二倍。方差分析及其两两比较的结果提示精液质量的一些指标在不同省(市)之间是有差别的。结论 不同地区的562名志愿者精液质量存在着差 相似文献
15.
Mohallem SV de Araújo Lobo DJ Pesquero CR Assunção JV de Andre PA Saldiva PH Dolhnikoff M 《Environmental research》2005,98(2):196-202
It has largely been shown that air pollution can affect human health. Effects on human fertility have been shown mainly in males by a decrease in semen quality. Few studies have focused on the environmental effects on female fertility. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of air pollution in the city of Sao Paulo on mouse female fertility. Four groups of female Balb/c mice were placed in two chambers 10 days (newborn) or 10 weeks (adults) after birth. Mice were maintained in the chambers 24 h a day, 7 days a week, for 4 months. The first chamber received air that had passed through an air filter (clean chamber) and the second received ambient air (polluted chamber). We measured PM10 and NO2 inside both chambers. Mice belonging to the adult groups were bred to male mice after living for 3 months inside the chambers. The newborn groups mated after reaching reproductive age (12 weeks). After 19 days of pregnancy the numbers of live-born pups, reabsorptions, fetal deaths, corpora lutea, and implantation failures were determined. PM10 and NO2 concentrations in the clean chamber were 50% and 77.5% lower than in the polluted chamber, respectively. Differences in fertility parameters between groups were observed only in animals exposed to air pollution at an early age (10 days after birth). We observed a higher number of live-born pups per animal in the clean chamber than per animal from the polluted chamber (median=6.0 and 4.0, respectively; P=0.037). There was a higher incidence of implantation failures in the polluted group than in the clean group (median=3.5 and 2.0, respectively; P=0.048). There were no significant differences in the other reproductive parameters between groups. These results support the concept that female reproductive health represents a target of air pollutants. 相似文献
16.
Mary E. Ingle Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón Courtney C. Carignan Craig M. Butt Heather M. Stapleton Paige L. Williams Jennifer B. Ford Russ Hauser John D. Meeker 《International journal of hygiene and environmental health》2018,221(5):809-815
Background
The use of PFRs has steadily increased as brominated compounds have been or are being phased out. Human exposure is widespread and animal studies have shown adverse impacts on male reproduction, but human data are lacking.Objective
To study the associations between urinary concentrations of phosphorous-containing flame retardant (PFR) metabolites and semen parameters.Methods
A subset of 220 men from an existing longitudinal cohort of couples were recruited from Massachusetts General Hospital fertility clinic between 2005 and 2015. Semen parameters included sperm count, concentration, motility, and morphology; some men had samples measured from multiple clinic visits (up to five visits; n?=?269 semen samples). Metabolites [bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP), diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), isopropylphenyl phenyl phosphate (ip-PPP), tert-butylphenyl phenyl phosphate (tb-PPP) and bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPP)] were measured in urine samples (between one and five urine samples per participant; n?=?355 urine samples). Semen parameters were evaluated continuously and dichotomized for models. Metabolites were assessed for associations with semen parameters as continuous and categorized into quartiles using multivariable generalized mixed models, adjusted for specific gravity, age, BMI, smoking, and abstinence period.Results
Metabolites BDCIPP, DPHP, and ip-PPP were detected in a high proportion of urine samples (85%, 86%, and 65% respectively). Concentrations varied by season of collection, particularly for BDCIPP where samples collected in the summer were approximately 2-fold higher than concentrations of other seasons (p?<?0.0001). The odds of having a sperm count less than 39 mil/ejaculate decreased by 20% for increasing BDCIPP concentrations (p?=?0.04). When regressing semen parameters on PFR metabolite quartiles, some negative associations were observed for individual quartiles among sample volume and morphology, but overall associations were weak and inconsistent.Conclusion
Detection rates were high for BDCIPP, DPHP, and ip-PPP. We did not observe consistent associations between PFR metabolites and semen parameters. Due to the high prevalence of exposure, further investigation of other potential health effects should be conducted. 相似文献17.
18.
苯系混合物对男工精液质量的影响 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
为了解苯系混合物对男性生殖机能的影响,对从事制鞋、油(喷)漆等接触苯系物的24名男工的精液质量进行了调查。结果表明:在作业环境中苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度超过国家卫生标准的情况下,部分工人的血液、精液中可检测出苯系物,而对照组未检出。苯系物对男工精液质量有一定影响,表现为精液液化时间异常(>30分钟)的百分比例增高,精子活率、活力则下降。同时,精液液化时间与精浆中甲苯水平呈正相关,而精子活率、活力则与工龄呈负相关。提示:接触苯系物使作业男工的精液质量和精子质量均受到损伤。 相似文献