中药芪丹通脉片对心肌损伤大鼠血小板功能的影响

目的：研究中药复方制剂芪丹通脉片（QDTMT）对心肌损伤大鼠血小板功能的影响。方法：用QDTMT给SD大鼠连续灌胃14d，第12日起动物皮下注射ISO（48μmol.kg^-1d^-1)，每日一次，连续3d，复制心肌损伤大鼠模型，结果：中药复方制剂QDTMT能明显减轻心肌损伤程度，抑制血小板聚集功能，降低血浆血栓素B2（TXB2）水平，提高6－酮－前列腺素（6-keto-PGF1α）水平和6－keto-PGF1α/TXB2比值，与模型组相比有显性差异（P＜0．05，P＜0．05，P＜0．05和P＜0．01）。结论：QDTMT可能通过抑制血小板活化，调节前列环素与的血栓素平衡来抗心肌损伤。     

心肌1号对异丙肾上腺素心肌损伤大鼠的左室舒张末径与射血分数的影响

目的:探讨临床治疗扩张型心肌病的中药经验复方心肌1号对异丙肾上腺素心肌损伤大鼠的左室舒张末径及射血分数等的影响.方法:采用Wister大鼠34只,随机分为3组,健康对照组11只,每天同一时间皮下注射生理盐水,连续18d;异丙肾上腺素模型组11只,连续3d腹部皮下注射异丙肾上腺素15mg/Kg,后每天同一时间皮下注射生理盐水,连续15d;心肌1号干预组11只,连续3d腹部皮下注射异丙肾上腺素15mg/Kg,后予心肌1号20.4g/Kg/d灌胃,连续15d.3组大鼠均通过超声心动图检测.结果:健康对照组左室舒张末期内径4.674±0.640mm,射血分数为87.900±3.347(％);异丙模型组左室舒张末期内径5.508±0.716mm,射血分数为74.934±6.741(％),中药干预组左室舒张末期内径4.766±0.193mm,射血分数为82.009±4.389(％);对比舒张末期室间隔厚度(IVSd)与左室后壁厚度(LVPWd)、左室舒张末期内径(LVDd)及收缩末期内径(LVDs)、左室射血分数EF(％)各项:中药干预组与健康对照组LVDs、EF(％)对比有明显差异,余各项无明显差异;健康对照组与异丙模型组,除IVSd外其余各项对比均有明显差异;中药干预组与异丙模型组各项比较均有显著差异.结论:心肌1号可明显改善异丙肾上腺素心肌损伤大鼠模型的左心室射血分数,缩小左室舒张末期内经,从而提高模型大鼠心功能.     

香丹注射液配伍组对异丙肾上腺素诱导大鼠心肌缺血损伤的保护作用

目的观察香丹注射液配伍组(ADE)对异丙肾上腺素(ISO)诱导大鼠心肌缺血损伤的保护作用。方法采用大鼠皮下多点注射ISO(2 mg.kg-1),观察ADE对大鼠注射ISO后不同时间点心电图(ECG)J点下移的影响;采用大鼠急性心肌损伤模型,探讨ADE对血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)活性和心肌组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响,同时观察心肌组织形态学的改变。结果 ADE组能明显改善异丙肾上腺素引起的J点下移变化,降低血清LDH活性,并减轻心肌组织的损伤。结论香丹注射液配伍组抗异丙肾上腺素所致的大鼠急性心肌缺血的作用与香丹注射液组相当。     

雌激素对异丙肾上腺素诱导的大鼠心肌损伤及心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的：通过建立大鼠双侧卵巢切除及异丙肾上腺素诱导的心肌损伤模型,研究雌激素对异丙肾上腺素致大鼠心肌损伤及心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法50只雌性 SD大鼠行双侧卵巢切除术和假手术后分为5组（每组10只）：假手术组（Sham组）;双侧卵巢切除组（OVX组）;心肌损伤组（OVX＋ISO＋Vehi组）,雌激素4μg· kg－1· d－1治疗组（OVX＋ISO＋E2 a组）,雌激素40μg·kg－1·d－1治疗组（OVX＋ISO＋E2 b组）。分别测量大鼠大体指标,颈总动脉置管监测心脏血流动力学参数,分离培养单个心肌细胞观察形态与收缩功能改变,以及蛋白免疫印迹法检测心肌细胞凋亡蛋白的表达。结果异丙肾上腺素明显降低心肌功能,增加心肌细胞肥大与凋亡,降低单个心肌细胞收缩功能（P＜0．05）。高剂量雌激素（40μg·kg－1·d－1）替代治疗显著改善异丙肾上腺素引起的心肌损伤与心肌功能下降（P＜0．05）,并通过增加 Bcl-2蛋白表达,减少 Bax蛋白表达与 Caspase-3的激活,降低心肌细胞肥大与凋亡（P＜0．05）。而低剂量雌激素（4μg·kg－1·d－1）只表现出轻度抗异丙肾上腺素心肌损伤的作用,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论适宜剂量的雌激素替代治疗通过降低心肌细胞凋亡,提高心肌细胞收缩功能,从而对异丙肾上腺素诱导的心肌损伤发挥保护作用。     

乌头赤石脂丸对异丙肾上腺素所致大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用

目的 研究乌头赤石脂丸对异丙肾上腺素(ISO)诱导的大鼠缺血损伤心肌的保护作用.方法 SD大鼠60只,随机分成正常对照组,ISO模型组,乌头赤石脂丸低、中、高剂量组,复方丹参滴丸组.乌头赤石脂丸各剂量组和复方丹参滴丸组均灌胃给药,正常对照组和ISO模型组灌胃等量生理盐水,每天1次,连续7d.除正常对照组外,其余各组均于...     

糖尿病合并冠心病ZDF大鼠模型的构建

目的：构建II型糖尿病合并冠心病的大鼠模型。方法：采用高脂饲料喂养结合连续注射盐酸异丙肾上腺素（ISO）制备II型糖尿病合并冠心病的ZDF大鼠模型。通过检测血清肌酸激酶(CK)和血清肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)的水平评价模型。结果：CK、CK-MB检测和心肌病理切片显示造模已成功。与对照组相比，模型组大鼠CK水平显著增高(p<0.05)而CK-MB水平显著降低(p<0.05)；ZDF大鼠对照组和模型组随给药次数增多CK表达逐渐增高，CK-MB表达先增高后下降，说明大鼠心肌损伤已形成。心肌病理切片结果显示对照组大鼠心肌细胞正常，模型大鼠在被连续注射5天ISO后心肌坏死面积达到心肌截面的1/2，模型大鼠在被连续注射10天ISO后心肌坏死面积达到心肌截面的3/4。结论：ISO能造成一定程度的心肌损伤，可采用连续注射ISO进行冠心病模型的构建。本文建立了一种简便的采用高脂饲料喂养结合连续注射ISO的糖尿病合并冠心病大鼠模型的构建方法。     

芪丹通脉片对实验性异丙肾上腺素致心肌损害的心肌ICAM-1表达影响

目的：观察芪丹通脉片（QDTMT）对异丙肾上腺素引起心肌损伤时其损害心肌细胞间粘附分子－1（intercellular adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)表达的影响，从而评价QDTMT对心肌损害中的保护作用。方法：SD大鼠32只（雄性），随机分成4组（模型组，正常对照组，高剂量组和低剂量组），1mo灌胃给药后，参考Rone等异丙肾所致心肌损害的方法改进，处理组腹腔注射异丙肾上腺素4mg.kg.^-1.d^-1，间隔24h，连续3d，建立异丙肾上腺素所致心肌损伤模型；通过免疫组化方法检测心肌ICAM－1的表达。结果：对照组大多数心肌的ICAM－1的表达为阴性，而缺血组受损心肌大多表达阳性（85％），QDTMT作用后心肌表达ICAM－1的阳性率明显下降（P＜0．01），以高剂量组显（63％），结论：在异丙肾所致心肌损害的心肌ICAM－1表达明显增加，而经灌服QDTMT大鼠心肌ICAM－1表达下降，尤以高剂量组明显，提示QDTMT对异丙肾上腺素造成的心肌损害具有保护作用。     

急性心肌损伤细胞因子变化和N-乙酰半胱氨酸的干预作用

目的 研究N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）对异丙肾上腺素（ISO）致大鼠急性心肌损伤的保护作用及作用机制。方法 用异丙肾上腺素建立心肌缺血坏死模型，30只雄性Wistar大鼠，随机分为3组：ISO组、ISO＋NAC组、对照组。测定大鼠血清心肌酶CK、LDH含量，测定大鼠血清和心肌组织脂质过氧化物丙二醛（MDA）含量，RT—PCR测定心肌组织中细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β、INF-γmRNA的表达。结果 与ISO相比较，ISO＋NAC组大鼠血清CK、LDH含量显著降低，大鼠血清和心肌组织MDA含量显著降低；心肌组织中细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β、INF-γmRNA表达显著降低。结论 NAC对ISO致大鼠心肌损伤有保护作用，其机制可能与减少心肌过氧化损伤，减少细胞因子基因的表达有关。     

非诺贝特对大鼠急性心肌损伤的干预及其机制

目的:观察非诺贝特对异丙肾上腺素(ISO)诱导的大鼠急性心肌缺血性损伤中的干预作用及其机制.方法:30只SD大鼠随机分为3组:空白对照组(Con)、异丙肾上腺素组(ISO)及非诺贝特预干预(FF)组.利用异丙肾上腺素建立急性心肌损伤大鼠模型,非诺贝特对FF组进行预处理.观察大鼠血流动力学指标,心肌组织病理,血清肌酸激酶(CK)、游离脂肪酸(FFA),心肌乳酸(LA)及丙二醛(MDA)的变化.结果:ISO组大鼠心肌组织出现大片状坏死及肌纤维断裂,与Con组相比,左室收缩及舒张功能减退,血清CK升高、FFA蓄积,心肌LA和MDA含量增加(P＜0.05).FF组病理改变较之ISO组明显减轻,心功能显著改善,血清CK、FFA降低,心肌LA和MDA含量减少(P＜0.05).结论:非诺贝特对ISO引起的心肌损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与抑制脂质过氧化损伤、改善心肌能量代谢有关.     

荞麦花总黄酮对大鼠心肌肥厚的保护作用

目的:研究荞麦花总黄酮(TFBF)对异丙肾上腺素(ISO)所致大鼠心肌肥厚的保护作用及机制.方法:用ISO sc5 mg/(kg·d),建立大鼠心肌肥厚模型,同时用TFBF ig给药[(0.05,0.1和0.2g/(kg·d)),连续14 d.测定心脏质量指数、心室RNA、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及血清心肌酶活性,并观察心肌病理改变.结果:TFBF能明显减轻心脏质量,缩短心肌纤维直径,减少心室RNA,AngⅡ,MDA含量,增加SOD活性,抑制血清乳酸脱氢酶和肌酸磷酸激酶的活性.结论:TFBF对ISO所致大鼠心肌肥厚具有保护作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.