852名大学生口腔健康知识、态度、行为及其与患龋情况关系的调查

目的调焱潍坊地区大学生口腔健康知识、态度、行为及其与患龋情况的关系，为促进大学生口腔健康干预提供参考。方法以分层整群抽样法抽取潍坊地区某高校3个专业852名大学生进行问卷调奄及口腔榆查。自行设计调查问卷，问卷内容包括口腔健康知识、态度、行为等；同时进行患龋情况检查。对结果进行统计学分析。结果总体患龋率为43．19％，其中龋齿数大于4颗的占14．12％；问卷调查平均得分：健康知识（54．52±14．95）分，态度（75．79±19．78）分．行为（58．89±17．88）分；线性回归分析显示口腔健康行为与态度有关（P〈0．01），但与健康知识没有明显的线性关系；龋失补牙数与口腔健康行为有明显关系（P〈0．05）．与口腔健康知识及态度没有明显关系（P〉0．05）。结论具有积极的态度以及良好的口腔卫生行为才能拥有较好的口腔健康。被调查的大学生总体口腔健康状况不佳，对口腔健康知识知晓率较低，需加强大学生的口腔健康宣教。     

Oral health attitudes, knowledge, and behavior among school children in North Jordan

The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of school children towards oral health and dental care as well as to evaluate the factors that determine these variables. School children (n=557) of an average age of 13.5 years attending public schools in North Jordan were recruited into this study. The subjects completed a questionnaire that aimed to evaluate young school children's behavior, knowledge, and perception of their oral health and dental treatment. The participants' oral hygiene habits (such as tooth brushing) were found to be irregular, and parents' role in the oral hygiene habits of their children was limited. The study population showed higher awareness of caries than periodontal conditions. Irregular visits to the dentist were found to be common, and toothache was the major driving factor for dental visits. Children had positive attitudes toward their dentists; nevertheless, they indicated that they feared dental treatment. The children in this study also recognized the importance of oral health to the well-being of the rest of the body. Parents were not proactive in making sure that their children received regular dental care. Parents' knowledge and attitudes about the importance of oral health care and their fears about dental treatment influenced their children's dental care. The results of this study indicate that children's and parents' attitudes toward oral health and dental care need to be improved. Comprehensive oral health educational programs for both children and their parents are required to achieve this goal.     

The evolution of dental health in dental students at the University of Barcelona

The aim of this research was to study the evolution of dental health of dental students during their academic training and to assess the extent to which the knowledge acquired was reflected in their own dental care. A sample of 107 students at the schools of dentistry and medicine (the latter as a comparison group) of the University of Barcelona, Spain, underwent an oral examination and completed a questionnaire during their training in the third and fifth academic years. The oral examinations were limited to the status of teeth. Bitewing radiographs were used for both posterior sectors, and these were interpreted using the criteria proposed by Pitts (1984). The data were analyzed using the SPSS package. At the end of the study, medical students had more teeth present than dental students (29.80 vs. 28.94 [p = 0.022]) and a lower DMFT index of 4.33 vs. 5.91 (p=0.038), with an FT component of 2.44 and 5.23 (p = 0.011), respectively. All dental students underwent more treatment of all types than medical students, and dental health habits and knowledge were superior in dental students. The third year was the key year for decision making with regard to the student's dental health. We conclude that dental students are highly motivated about maintaining their dental health and their dental education experiences appear to have had a clear influence on this behavior.     

Oral health behaviour and its determinants amongst Iranian dental students.

OBJECTIVES: To study the oral health behaviour (OHB) of Iranian senior dental students in relation to their gender, background characteristics, knowledge of preventive care, and attitudes towards preventive dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a cluster random sampling approach, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 327 senior dental students in seven dental schools. The questionnaire covered age, gender, parents' employment in dentistry, previous academic education in dental hygiene, oral self-care, most recent dental check-up, knowledge of preventive dentistry and attitudes towards it. Attending a dental check-up by a dentist or a classmate within the last year was defined as preventive care use. Chi-square test and logistic regression models were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Women reported significantly higher frequencies of tooth brushing (P < 0.001), fluoridated toothpaste use (P = 0.001) and flossing (P < 0.001) compared with men. Respondents who had been previously educated as dental hygienists had lower frequencies of eating sugary snacks (P < 0.001) and paid more attention to preventive care (P = 0.03) than others. Those with more extensive knowledge of preventive care reported higher frequencies of using fluoridated toothpaste (P = 0.05). Reported frequencies of brushing were higher amongst those with more positive attitudes (P = 0.03). In logistic regression models, having at least one parent employed as a dentist was significantly associated with higher frequencies of eating sugary snacks (P = 0.047, OR = 0.3) and more frequent preventive care use (P = 0.048, OR = 2.9). CONCLUSION: Education and training in preventive measures should be effective enough to overcome background characteristics. There is room for improving the OHB of Iranian dental students.     

Differences in self-reported oral health behavior between dental students and dental technology/dental hygiene students in Jordan

The aim of this study was to compare differences in oral health behavior between dental students and dental technology/dental hygiene students in Jordan. One hundred and five dental students and seventy-eight dental technology/dental hygiene students were recruited into this study. All subjects were recruited from the students who were receiving training at the clinics and laboratories that belong to the Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology. The Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioral Inventory (HU-DBI) was used to assess the oral heath behavior of the subjects. Significant differences were found between students from different disciplines. Dental students were found to worry more about visiting their dentist, to be less aware of bleeding gums when brushing and were less bothered by the color of their gums compared with dental technology and dental hygiene (DT/DH) students (P < 0.05, P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Dental students tended to be more professionally educated about brushing and to have a belief that they cannot clean their teeth well without using toothpaste (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). Most of them did not feel they have brushed well unless they brush with strong strokes (P < 0.05). A logistic regression model showed that it might be possible to distinguish dental students from DT/DH students by using three items of the HU-DBI and the level of dental education. The difference in the HU-DBI scores was not a major feature. There were significant differences in oral health attitudes/behavior between dental students and DT/DH students. The findings might reflect differences in students' training experience and education between different specialties.     

Level of Education and Gender-specific Self-reported Oral Health Behavior Among Dental Students

Purpose: To identify the oral health attitudes/behaviour among dental students in Jordan, and analyse the variations in oral health attitudes based on gender and level of education. Materials and Methods: Out of the 653 registered dental students at the faculty of dentistry, 580 students (455 females and 125 males, mean age = 20.1 ± 1.6 years) participated in the study (response rate 89%). The Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) was used to assess oral heath attitudes and behaviour of the participants. Data were analysed using the chi-square test, and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Females had better oral health attitudes and behaviour, especially towards visiting the dentist, toothbrushing habits and oral hygiene practice (P < 0.05). Also, students from the higher years had better oral health attitudes, behaviour and knowledge, especially towards gingival health, oral hygiene practice, toothbrushing and visiting the dentist (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dental students in Jordan had poor oral health attitudes and behaviour. Females had better oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviour than males. With increasing years of study, some aspects of dental students' oral health behaviour and attitudes improved. However, this improvement was limited and students should be encouraged to become an example of oral health for their society. Better comprehensive dental education with early exposure to dental health and prevention was suggested to improve dental students' oral health attitudes and behaviour.     

Usefulness of a psychometric questionnaire in exploring parental attitudes in children's dental care

In this methodological study we investigated the usefulness and reliability of a questionnaire designed to capture 4 aspects of parental dental attitudes: dental knowledge, child oral health behavior, perceived importance of dental related aims, and parental responsibility. The study was undertaken in a group of 140 parents of schoolchildren aged 8-12 years from four comprehensive schools in Sweden. Test-retest reliability, quantified by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) or by Cohen's kappa, varied from acceptable to excellent for different aspects of the questionnaire. The knowledge and responsibility-taking sections were also answered by a group of dental experts who showed a high level of internal agreement. Expert profiles, to which the parental assessments could be compared, were created. Exploration of the 4 aspects showed that this group of parents commonly had a multifocal view on the etiology and prevention of caries. Correlations between their knowledge assessments and the assessments made by the expert group varied from moderately negative to strongly positive. The parents revealed a high degree of dental-related motivation and responsibility, particularly according to oral health behaviors. In conclusion, the results indicate that this 4-part psychometric questionnaire might be a suitable instrument in investigations of priority and responsibility-taking as new aspects of parental dental attitudes, along with dental knowledge and child oral health behaviors.     

What do dental students at the University of Stellenbosch know of the education and functions of oral hygienists?]

The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of dental students regarding the requirements for the course in oral hygiene at the University of Stellenbosch, the functions of oral hygienists and how they rate the necessity of the profession compared with other health care providers. Students in their second, third, fourth and fifth years of study were asked to complete a questionnaire. Although obvious gaps existed in the knowledge of a notable number of students, the majority of students in all the years showed good insight into the requirements for and contents of the course and functions of an oral hygienist. The number of second- and third-year students who gave the correct answers were consistently fewer than the senior students, indicating that when dental students come into contact with oral hygiene students in their clinical years their knowledge of the course and the profession improves. The void in the knowledge of dental students which most certainly needs correction is the limited concept some of them have about the training oral hygienists receive in periodontics (especially the preclinical students), orthodontics, medicines, legal aspects concerning dentistry, first aid and diagnostic radiology. Regarding the functions of oral hygienists, their importance was regarded by many students as comparable with that of occupational therapists, radiographers, nurses, dieticians and dental therapists, notably higher than that of dental assistants and slightly less important than that of physio-therapists.     

Usefulness of a psychometric questionnaire in exploring parental attitudes in children's dental care

In this methodological study we investigated the usefulness and reliability of a questionnaire designed to capture 4 aspects of parental dental attitudes: dental knowledge, child oral health behavior, perceived importance of dental related aims, and parental responsibility. The study was undertaken in a group of 140 parents of schoolchildren aged 8-12 years from four comprehensive schools in Sweden. Test-retest reliability, quantified by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) or by Cohen's kappa, varied from acceptable to excellent for different aspects of the questionnaire. The knowledge and responsibility-taking sections were also answered by a group of dental experts who showed a high level of internal agreement. Expert profiles, to which the parental assessments could be compared, were created. Exploration of the 4 aspects showed that this group of parents commonly had a multifocal view on the etiology and prevention of caries. Correlations between their knowledge assessments and the assessments made by the expert group varied from moderately negative to strongly positive. The parents revealed a high degree of dental-related motivation and responsibility, particularly according to oral health behaviors. In conclusion, the results indicate that this 4-part psychometric questionnaire might be a suitable instrument in investigations of priority and responsibility-taking as new aspects of parental dental attitudes, along with dental knowledge and child oral health behaviors.     

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目的了解医学院校大学生口腔卫生相关知识与行为习惯,为制定大学生口腔健康教育方案提供依据。方法于2008年9月对中国医科大学199名在校大学生的口腔健康相关知识、行为等进行问卷调查。结果医学院校大学生的口腔保健知识欠缺,仅有25.1%的学生了解"牙菌斑"的概念,42.7%的学生能回答出"蔗糖致龋力最强";口腔保健意识较薄弱,如有龋坏牙齿,仅有68.3%的学生会去医院治疗;但口腔卫生习惯较好,有89.9%的学生每天刷牙≥2次,且口腔专业学生在口腔保健知识的知、信、行等方面显著好于非口腔专业学生。结论医学院校大学生口腔保健知识和保健意识缺乏,但愿意接受口腔健康知识教育,提示在医学院校开展口腔疾病健康教育是必要的。     

Gender-specific oral health attitudes and behavior among dental students in Jordan

The aim of this study was to determine the difference in oral health attitudes and behavior between male and female dental students at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST). A self-administered questionnaire based on a modified version of the Hiroshima University Dental Behavior Inventory (HU-DBI) was distributed among 375 dental students. The response rate was 83.7% with 48% males and 52% females responding. Female students reported brushing their teeth more frequently than male students (P<0.001). Approximately 47% of the male students brushed their teeth less than twice daily compared to 21% of the female students. Also, female students believed in the necessity of using toothpaste during brushing more often than male students (P<0.01). On the other hand, smoking was much more frequent among males than among females (31% vs. 4%) (P<0.001). Male students indicated they had been smoking for longer periods of time than female students. This survey shows male students visit the dentist only when they have dental pain. While this was more than their female peers, it was not statistically significant (P= 0.056). In general the present study showed dental students in Jordan had poor oral health. Further research is needed to examine the students clinically for periodontal and caries conditions. Students should be encouraged to be a model for oral health for their families, friends, and patients.     

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards droplet and airborne isolation precautions among dental health care professionals in Shiraz, Iran

OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice among Iranian dental health care professionals towards droplet and airborne isolation precautions, in Shiraz, Iran. METHODS: A survey was developed and distributed to 152 Iranian dental professionals (faculty and students) from Shiraz University School of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran. The self-administered questionnaire was composed of three parts (knowledge, attitude, and practice). After validation of the survey using the Kuder Richardson reliability test and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient, data was collected and analyzed using Analysis of Variance and the Duncan test to detect the differences among groups. The Spearman coefficient was used to determine the correlation between knowledge, attitude, and practice. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 152 (51.5%) of 295 potential respondents. Mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice towards droplets and airborne isolation precautions were poor (98 +/- 3.45, 10.51 +/- 6.26, 2.68 +/- 3.16 from the maximum scores of 11, 55, and 11, respectively). In addition, a positive linear correlation was found between two items of the survey including knowledge-attitude (rho = 0.438, p < 0.001), knowledge and practice (rho = 0.380, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Iranian dental professionals seemed to have low levels of knowledge, attitude and practice towards infection control.     

Cross-cultural differences of self-reported oral health behaviour in Japanese and Finnish dental students

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether any differences existed in dental health behaviour between Japanese and Finnish dental students. SETTING: Hiroshima University School of Dentistry and the University of Helsinki. DESIGN: Comparison of cross-cultural differences of self-reported oral health behaviour. SUBJECTS: Dental students, 337 in Japan and 113 in Finland. METHOD: Subjects were surveyed using the Japanese and Finnish versions of a 20-item questionnaire entitled Hiroshima University--Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI). RESULTS: Only 2 per cent of Finnish students reported that they put off going to the dentist until they had toothache, compared to 56 per cent of Japanese students. Similarly, significantly more Japanese students thought that their teeth were getting worse despite their daily brushing, compared to their Finnish peers. The mean HU-DBI score of Year 1 Finnish students was higher than that of their Japanese peers, which suggested a higher level of dental health awareness in Finnish students upon entry into dental school. The mean scores of the Japanese students were lower than those of their Finnish peers until Year 3. The mean scores of Year 5 and Year 6 Japanese students were higher than that of Year 1 students, indicating raised self-care levels influenced by the course in preventive dentistry. The gender difference of the HU-DBI score was not a major feature in either country. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported oral health behaviours seemed to be very different between the two countries, which reflected different culture and/or health education systems of the students.     

Relationship between dental knowledge and tooth cleaning behavior

A study was carried out to determine whether knowledge about dental health is related to dental behavior in a group of patients who have a positive attitude towards their dental health. Recall patients attending a clinic for periodontal care were asked to fill in a questionnaire to assess: 1) attitudes and beliefs, and 2) dental knowledge and reported behavior. They were then examined to assess their gingival health and plaque control (actual behavior). 161 patients were seen in Social Classes 1-3. Responses to the attitudinal questions indicated that approximately 80% of the patients had positive attitudes. Patients were grouped (1-5) according to Gingival Index scores (range 0.13-1.83). None of the attitudinal concepts tested were associated with the lower GI groupings. Correct knowledge about gingival disease and reported higher frequency of cleaning did not show correlation with the lower GI groupings. No significant relationship could be determined between positive attitudes and knowledge levels as predictors of gingival health.     

乌鲁木齐中学生口腔健康行为调查报告

目的调查新疆乌鲁木齐中学生对口腔健康知识的认知状况。方法对2105名中学生进行了问卷调查,内容包括口腔健康知识、态度与信念、就医行为、医疗级别等问题。建立SPSS13.0数据库并进行统计学分析。结果关于"口腔疾病对身体健康有无危害"这一问题89.5%的中学生持肯定态度,认为有一定危害。"当得知患有‘虫牙’后的态度"75.5%的中学生认为发现"虫牙"及时去看牙医,54.7%学生认为应该定期到医院进行口腔检查,74.3%的中学生选择综合医院的口腔科,56.2%选择口腔专科诊所,72.5%的中学生认为所选上述医院卫生条件好,70.6%认为质量有保证,57.5%从口腔专科医生获得口腔健康知识。结论乌鲁木齐中学生对口腔健康知识有一定的认识。但还存在一些不足,口腔健康教育工作应通过各种媒体的宣传、口腔医生等多方面的共同努力,使学生建立口腔知识的新观念,早期预防口腔疾病,拥有一副健康的牙牙合系统。     

杭州某高校大学生口腔健康认知及行为调查分析

摘要 目的 调查在校大学生口腔健康知识以及口腔保健行为情况。方法 采用问卷调查的方法,对杭州师范大学非口腔专业474名在校大学生进行现场问卷调查。结果 在接受调查的474名大学生中认为龋齿、牙周病主要原因是牙菌斑仅占18.7%。使用牙线和漱口水的分别占8.4%和15.5%。能定期到诊所清洁牙齿的占仅9.0%。当牙疼时,马上找牙医做治疗的占33.3％。结论 在校大学生的口腔保健知识较差,对于口腔保健以及就医意识不强,在大学校园开展口腔保健健康教育是必要的。     

铜山县高氟区中学生口腔健康知识调查

目的了解铜山县高氟区中学生对口腔健康知识的知晓程度以及口腔卫生行为情况。方法采用分层、整群的抽样方法,对铜山县高氟区12～15岁中学生进行问卷调查。结果70.7%的人不知道"长期喝手压井水"是氟牙症的病因。74%的人知道"刷牙"可以预防龋齿,96.33%的人基本未接受过口腔健康教育,92.7%的人每天刷牙,66.3%的人较少吃甜食。结论应普及高氟区中学生对氟牙症的认识和口腔健康教育。     

Treating patients with herpes simplex virus infections: dental and dental hygiene students' knowledge, attitudes, and professional behavior

Dental and dental hygiene students frequently interact with patients with herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, often simply referred to as cold sores. The objectives of this study were to assess dental and dental hygiene students' knowledge, attitudes, and professional behavior concerning the treatment of patients with HSV infections and to investigate the relationships among knowledge, attitudes, and professional behavior. Questionnaire data were collected from 337 dental and seventy-three dental hygiene students at regularly scheduled classes. Dental and dental hygiene students did not differ in their overall knowledge concerning HSV infections. Dental hygiene students were more apprehensive about treating patients with these infections, but used more appropriate professional behavior compared to dental students. Dental students' knowledge and appropriateness of professional behavior increased over the course of their education. Overall, it was found that an increase in student knowledge was associated with increased apprehension related to treating these patients. However, the more apprehensive they were, the more they engaged in appropriate professional behavior. Educating future health care providers about the treatment of patients with infectious and communicable diseases can potentially increase the students' apprehension/negative attitudes concerning providing care, while at the same time increasing appropriate professional behavior during their education. Addressing students' apprehensions might be a crucial moderator that will determine whether they will provide the best possible care for these patients in their future professional lives.     

Oral health and its determinants among Mongolian dentists

This study compares the dental health of dentists with that of their population counterparts, and relates dentists' oral health to oral health behavior and professional preventive knowledge and orientation. A questionnaire requesting information on the dentists' oral health, preventive knowledge, and orientation and oral health behavior, was targeted at all actively practicing dentists (n = 250) in the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar. A self-reported dentigram served as the basis for assessing dental health, while the 1996 National Oral Health Survey provided data for comparison with population counterparts. The response rate was 98%. Compared to their general-population counterparts, younger dentists exhibited a similar level of caries experience (DMFT) and missing teeth (NMT), whereas older dentists exhibited a lower level. In all age groups, mean numbers of decayed teeth (DT) among dentists were much smaller than for their population counterparts, whereas mean numbers of filled teeth (FT) were much higher. Of all, 81% reported brushing their teeth twice daily or more, 62% used fluoride-containing toothpaste always or almost always, and 52% consumed sugar-containing foods between main meals less than once a day. The better oral health behavior of dentists was best explained by their greater preventive knowledge and their better dental health by better oral health behavior in logistic models. It is concluded that among these dentists there is room for improvement of their own oral health behavior. Towards this end, specially designed continuing education courses could serve to improve dentists' health-related knowledge and change their oral self-care behavior.     

Self reported dental health attitude and behavior of dental students in India

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oral health attitudes and behavior of undergraduate dental students in India according to age, sex and level of dental education, and to compare it with those of other countries with different socioeconomic conditions. A self-administered questionnaire based on the Hiroshima University - Dental Behavior Inventory (HU-DBI) was distributed among 372 dental students at Darshan Dental College and Hospital (DDCH). The response rate was 75.8% with 44% males and 56% females. The mean HU-DBI score showed a significant relationship (P < 0.05) with age by one way-analysis of variance (ANOVA). The students were considerably concerned about the appearance of their teeth and gums and halitosis. The total mean score was not markedly higher in the clinical years (years 3 and 4) than in the non-clinical years (years 1 and 2), indicating that the students were almost equally aware. Although there were no statistically significant differences in gender and academic year for the mean score of HU-DBI, the present study showed that dental students in India generally had poorer oral health awareness compared to several other countries. The oral health behavior of Indian dental students has to be improved in order to serve as a positive model for their patients, family, and friends.