2-氯-4-(哌啶-1-基甲基)吡啶的合成

2-氨基-4-甲基吡啶在过量浓盐酸/亚硝酸钠作用下与氯化亚铜/盐酸反应后,在偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)作用下与硫酰氯反应制得2-氯-4-(氯甲基)吡啶,再在DMF中与哌啶缩合,得到拉呋替丁的关键中间体2-氯-4-(哌啶-1-基甲基)-吡啶,总收率约62％.     

2-(咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙酸的合成工艺改进

目的改进骨质疏松治疗药米诺膦酸的关键中间体2-(咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙酸的合成工艺。方法以反式-4-氧基-2-丁烯酸乙酯和2-氨基吡啶为起始原料,经环合、水解得到2-(咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙酸。结果与结论该合成方法首次以纯水替代有机溶剂作为反应溶剂,采用"一锅法"合成目标化合物,降低了该中间体的制备成本,而且环境友好,更适合于工业化生产。     

2-正丁基-4-氯-5-甲酰基咪唑的合成新路线

目的：合成抗高血压药氯沙坦的关键中间体2-正丁基-4-氯-5-甲酰基咪唑。方法：戊腈与甲醇在甲醇钠的作用下加成得到1-甲氧基-1-亚胺戊烷（2）,经取代、环合得到目标化合物2-正丁基-4-氯-5-甲酰基咪唑（1）。结论：本工艺具有试剂易得,反应条件温和,收率高（59.02%）的特点,适合工业化生产。     

化合物γ-（4，5-二呋喃基-2-噁唑基）丁酸的合成研究

本文报告了以有机碱(吡啶)为催化剂合成γ-(4，5-二呋喃基-2-噁唑基)丁酸的合成程序及精制方法，并对影响产物合成的一些因素做了优化条件实验。     

5-三氟甲基-3-(4-甲基-1H-咪唑-1-基)苯胺的合成

3,5-二硝基三氟甲苯(2)与氟化四甲铵进行氟代反应,所得单氟中间体再与4-甲基-1H-咪唑进行取代反应得到5-三氟甲基-3-(4-甲基-1H-咪唑-1-基)-硝基苯(3),然后在Pd/C催化下氢化还原制得抗肿瘤药尼罗替尼的中间体5-三氟甲基-3-(4-甲基-1H-眯唑-1-基)-苯胺(1),总收率约50％(以2计).     

2-正丁基-5-甲酰基咪唑的合成

以2-正丁基-1H-咪唑-4-酮(2)为原料,经过双(三氯甲基)碳酸酯(3)氯化甲酰化,再经Raney-Ni催化氢化得2-正丁基-5-甲酰基咪唑(1)。用正交试验确定了最佳合成工艺:n(2):n(3)=1.0:1.2,DMF=30%,反应温度=100℃,反应时间=6h,收率在76%以上。目标化合物用MS和1H NMR表征。     

泰利霉素侧链的合成

3-溴乙酰基吡啶经氨解、甲酰化、环合反应制得4-(3-吡啶基)-1H-咪唑,进而与N-(4-溴丁基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺缩合后肼解,制得泰利霉素侧链化合物4-[4-(3-吡啶基)-1H-咪唑-1-基]-1-丁胺,总收率为33%.     

抗疟活性化合物─3-[4-(7-氯喹啉-4-基)哌嗪-1-基] 丙酸的合成与结构鉴定

 目的: 合成哌喹的一种活性代谢物3-[4-(7-氯喹啉-4-基)哌嗪-1-基]丙酸。方法: 以哌嗪、4,7-二氯喹啉为原料,采用氨基保护、取代、脱保护、水解等反应合成3-[4-(7-氯喹啉-4-基)哌嗪-1-基]丙酸,并结合硅胶柱层析洗脱分离纯化样品。结果: 成功制备了3-[4-(7-氯喹啉-4-基)哌嗪-1-基]丙酸,产率为62.1%,其结构并通过IR,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,HRMS图谱加以确证。结论: 本合成方法操作简单,产率高,适用于以4-哌嗪基喹啉为母核的一系列衍生物的合成。     

组氨酸的膦电子等排物—d,1-α-氨基-β-(4-咪唑基)乙基膦酸的合成

以易得的4-咪唑甲醇(3)为起始物,经Ni~m三苯甲基保护的醛(5)与二膦酸酯(6)发生Wittig Horner反应,生成咪唑基氨基膦酸(7),用50％甲酸选择性地脱去三苯甲基保护得(8),以3％钠汞齐或Pd/C中压氢化、浓盐酸水解,最后得目的物组氨酸的膦等排物——α-氨基-β-(4-咪唑基)-乙基膦酸(9)(His-(P)]。     

3-(3-氯-1,2,5-噻二唑-4-基)吡啶的合成工艺改进

以3-吡啶甲醛为原料,与氰化钠、一氯化硫反应合成选择性M1受体激动剂占诺美林的关键中间体3-（3-氯-1,2,5-噻二唑-4-基）吡啶,目标化合物的结构经^1H-NMR谱确证。改进后的工艺操作简单,反应条件温和,收率由文献报道的40%提高到52%,更适合工业化生产。     

4-(4-苯基哌嗪-1-基)-3-O-甲基-D-肌醇的制备及镇咳活性

右旋肌醇甲醚经缩酮制化得3-O-甲基-1，2：5，6-二-O-异亚丙基-D-肌醇，经甲磺酰化、水解、与4-苯基哌嗪缩合制得左羟丙哌嗪类似物4-（4-苯基哌嗪-1-基）-3-O-甲基-D-肌醇，总收率38％。镇咳药效实验表明，目标物对致咳小鼠的镇咳作用明显，但不及左羟丙哌嗪。     

Synthesis and antifungal activity of new N-(1-phenyl-4-carbetoxypyrazol-5-yl)-, N-(indazol-3-yl)- and N-(indazol-5-yl)-2-iodobenzamides

N-(1-Phenyl-4-carbetoxypyrazol-5-yl)-, N-(indazol-3-yl)- and N-(indazol-5-yl)-2-iodobenzamides 6, with a Benodanil-like structure, were synthesized by refluxing in acetic acid the corresponding benzotriazinones 5 with potassium iodide for 1 h in order to study the role on the antifungal activity of the N-substitution with an aromatic heterocyclic system on benzamide moiety. Among the tested iododerivatives, compounds 6d,f,g,h possess interesting activities toward some phytopathogenic fungal strains.     

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of 3-((5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamide; a novel ALK5 inhibitor and a potential anti-fibrosis drug

The authors investigated the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 3-((5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamide (IN-1130), a novel ALK5 inhibitor, which suppresses renal and hepatic fibrosis, and also exerts anti-metastatic effects on breast cancer-bearing MMTV-cNeu mice model. Plasma half-lives of orally administered IN-1130 were 62.6 min in mice, 76.6?±?10.6 min in dogs, 156.1?±?19.3 min in rats, and 159.9?±?59.9 min in monkeys. IN-1130 showed a high apparent permeability coefficient (P_app) of (45.0?±?2.3)?×?10^?6 cm s^?1 in in vitro permeability tests in a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. The bioavailability of orally administered IN-1130 was 84.9% in dogs and 34.4% in monkeys (oral dose, 5.5 mg kg^?1), 11.4% in rats and 8.95% in mice (oral dose, 50.3 mg kg^?1), respectively. Orally given IN-1130 was readily distributed into liver, kidneys and lungs. The major metabolite of IN-1130 (M1) was detected in the systemic circulation of rat and mouse and was purified and tentatively identified as 3-((4-(3-hydroxyquinoxaline-6-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridine-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamide or 3-((4-(2-hydroxyquinoxalin-6-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridine-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamide. The highest levels of M1 were found in liver. The results of this study suggest that IN-1130 has the potential to serve as an effective oral anti-fibrotic drug.     

Synthesis and antileukemic activity of new 3-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl) and 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones

3-(3-Methylisoxazol-5-yl) and 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones 8a-l and 9a,c-e,h-l were synthesized by refluxing in acetic acid the corresponding 2-methylquinazolinones 6 and 8 with the opportune benzoic aldehyde for 12 h. The synthesized styrylquinazolinones 8a-l and 9a,c-e,h-l were tested in vitro for their antileukemic activity against L-1210 (murine leukemia), K-562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia) and HL-60 (human leukemia) cell lines showing in some cases good activity.     

2-甲基-4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2-丁烯醛的合成

2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-甲醛与(3-甲氧基-2-甲基烯丙基)膦酸二乙酯经Wittig-Homer缩合制得1-甲氧基-2-甲基-4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-1,3-丁二烯,然后经酸催化水解得到维生素A的关键中间体2-甲基-4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2-丁烯醛,总收率约47%.     

2-(2-苄氧羰基氨基噻唑-4-基)-5-(3-甲基-2-丁烯氧羰基)-2-戊烯酸的合成

对头孢布烯的关键中间体2-(2-苄氧羰基氨基噻唑-4-基)-5-(3-甲基-2-丁烯氧羰基)-2-戊烯酸(1)的合成工艺进行了研究。选用国内易得的(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)乙酸甲酯(2)作为起始原料,经过氨基保护、M ichae l加成-消除和选择性酯化三步反应制得目标化合物1,反应总收率63.0%。该工艺操作简单,生产成本低,适合工业化生产。     

7－（1－咪唑）－烷氧基黄酮衍生物的合成

黄酮类化合物和１－取代咪唑衍生物都具有较强的抑制血小板聚集活性，本文报道了由二溴代烷和咪唑及７－羟基黄酮衍生物合成８个新的７－（１－咪唑）烷氧基黄酮衍生物。     

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some New 2-(3-(4-Aryl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) Chroman-4-ones

Seven new 2-(3-(4-aryl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) chroman-4-ones (4a-4g) have been synthesized by cyclization of 2-hydroxychalcone analogues of pyrazole 3a-3g using conc. HCl in acetic acid. The structures of the compounds 4a-4g were established by the combined use of (1)HNMR, IR and mass spectra. All the seven compounds were tested in vitro for their antibacterial activity against two Gram positive bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and two Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The compounds 4b, 4c, 4e, 4f, 4g have displayed good antibacterial activity when compared with commercially available antibiotic, ciprofloxacin. These compounds also were screened for their antifungal activity against two ear pathogenic fungi, namely Aspergillus Niger and A. flavus. The compounds 4a, 4c, 4d, 4g exhibited good antifungal activity when compared with commercially available antifungal, fluconazole.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定(E)-3-(4-((3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲氧基)-3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸在SD大鼠血浆中的浓度

目的 建立测定SD大鼠血浆中(E)-3-(4-((3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲氧基)-3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸浓度的反相高效液相色谱(LC-UV)方法,并用于其在SD大鼠体内的药动学研究。方法 采用Diamonsil-C₁₈(2)柱(100 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),以乙腈:水(含5 mM的醋酸铵,用醋酸调节pH至4.0)=30:70为流动相,测定70只SD大鼠单剂量尾静脉给药15 mg/kg后不同时刻血浆中药物的浓度,并由此计算其在SD大鼠体内的药动学参数。结果 SD大鼠     

4-[[1-[(4-氟苯基)甲基]-1H-2-苯并咪唑基]氨基]-1-哌啶甲酸乙酯的合成

以邻苯二胺为起始原料，经过缩合、氯代、烷基化和取代反应来合成4-[[1-[（4-氟苯基）甲基]-1H-2-苯并咪唑基]氨基]-1-哌啶甲酸乙酯。该合成方法操作简单，总收率达到30．7％。