环孢素A+甲氨蝶呤+霉酚酸酯+抗胸腺细胞球蛋白四联方案预防无关供体造血干细胞移植中的移植物抗宿主病

目的评价环孢素A(CsA) 甲氨蝶呤(MTX) 霉酚酸酯(MMF)和低剂量抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG)预防无关供体造血干细胞移植(URD-HSCT)中移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的疗效。方法13与11例白血病患者分别接受URD-HSCT和相关供体(RD)-HSCT。移植预处理方案:19例应用全身放疗 环磷酰胺方案、5例应用改良BuCY(羟基脲、马利兰、阿糖胞苷、环磷酰胺)方案;无关移植病人供体与受体之间HLA-A、B、DR基因位点完全相合11例,1个基因位点不合2例。所有相关移植病人供体与受体之间血清学位点均为全相合;预防GVHD方案:所有病人均接受CsA MTX方案,行URD-HSCT病人在CsA MTX方案基础上加用MMF和ATG。结果移植后所有患者均获得造血重建,移植中预处理相关毒性(RRT)发生率和程度在无关与相关移植中二者无差异(P>0.05);急性GVHD(aGVHD)在无关与相关移植病人分别为46.2%和55.6%,在可统计的慢性GVHD(cGVHD)病人中,无关移植是4/7例,相关移植6/9例;无关与相关移植病人中分别有1例死于移植相关并发症,移植后1年估计无病生存率在无关与相关移植分别为87.5%和90.9%;移植后巨细胞病毒(CMV)抗原阳性率在无关与相关移植无差异(P>0.05)。结论CsA MTX MMF ATG四联方案预防URD-HSCT中GVHD能降低aGVHD的发生及其程度,不增加移植后相关死亡率和CMV感染率。     

霉酚酸脂联合环孢素和甲氨蝶呤预防外周血干细胞移植后急性移植物抗宿主病

目的　比较环孢素A(CsA)和短程甲氨蝶呤 (MTX)加或不加用短程霉酚酸脂 (MMF)预防急性移植物抗宿主病 (aGVHD)的效果。方法　人类白细胞抗原 (HLA)相合的异基因外周血造血干细胞移植 (allo PBSCT) 39例 ,常规环磷酰胺和全身照射为主进行预处理。GVHD预防分二组 :CsA +MTX组 2 6例 ,应用小剂量CsA(2mg·kg-1·d-1)和短程MTX(分别在移植后 1、3、6和 11d) ;MMF +CsA+MTX组 13例 ,在CsA和MTX基础上加用短程MMF 2g/d ,移植后口服 1～ 2 8d ,但MTX只在移植后1、3、6d应用。结果　两组患者移植后均顺利重建造血 ,中性粒细胞和血小板恢复时间的差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;MMF +CsA +MTX组aGVHD的发生率为 7 6 % ,未见II度以上aGVHD ,明显低于CsA+MTX组 (46 2 % ,P <0 0 5 ) ,CsA +MTX组II度以上aGVHD为 2 3 0 %。MMF +CsA +MTX组重度粘膜炎发生率 (15 4 % )亦明显低于CsA +MTX组 (30 8% )明显减少。结论　短程MMF联合CsA和短程MTX方案对allo PBSCT后的aGVHD的预防效果明显优于常规CsA和短程MTX ,其对慢性GVHD和移植后复发率的影响有待于进一步随访观察     

HLA配型对慢性粒细胞白血病异基因造血干细胞移植效果的分析

目的分析HLA相合程度对慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)异基因造血干细胞移植的影响。方法 121例CML患者包括:慢性期90例、加速期8例、急变期23例。85例接受相关、36例无关移植。HLA全相合91例、部分相合30例。预处理方案:37例患者用含全身放疗+环磷酰胺、84例改良Bucy(白消安+环磷酰胺+阿糖胞苷)方案,移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)预防:HLA全相合相关移植用环孢素A+甲氨蝶呤(CsA+MTX),无关及相关HLA位点不合移植者采用CsA+MTX+抗胸腺细胞球蛋白或霉酚酸酯。COX模型分析影响长生存的因素。结果 121例患者除4例死于预处理相关毒性外、其余117例病人均获造血重建;HLA全相合与不相合移植者Ⅱ~Ⅳ°急性GVHD发生率分别为26.1%和53.3%(P=0.006),3年累计慢性GVHD发生率在全相合与不相合者分别为47.4%和49.6%(P=0.947);非复发移植相关死亡(TRM)率在HLA相合与不相合者分别为16.5%和40.0%(P=0.007);5年累积白血病复发率为16.7%、其中HLA相合与不相合者复发率分别为15.3%和22.7%(P=0.396);5年累积总生存(OS)和无病生存(DFS)率分别为70.6%和63.8%,其中OS和DFS在相合者为78.2%和70.3%、不相合者为47.6%和43.3%。多因素分析显示:HLA不合为Ⅱ~Ⅳ°急性GVHD的危险因素,Ⅱ~Ⅳ°急性GVHD为TRM发生的危险因素,HLA不合、急性GVHD、疾病分期为影响生存的危险因素。结论 HLA不相合移植TRM高于相合移植,从而导致OS显著低于HLA全相合移植,长期生存与供受来源无关。     

环孢素A、甲氨喋呤、霉酚酸酯联合抗胸腺细胞球蛋白预防HLA不全相合移植的移植物抗宿主病

目的评价环孢素A(CsA)+甲氨喋呤(MTX)+霉酚酸酯(MMF)+抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG)四联方案预防人类白细胞抗原(HLA)不全相合移植中的移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的疗效。方法10例白血病和2例骨髓增生异常综合征患者分别接受HLA不全相合造血干细胞移植(HSCT)。预处理方案应用Flu+Bu+CTX;HLA1-3个位点不和。结果11例患者获得造血重建,急性GVHD(aGVHD)发生率7/11,慢性GVHD(cGVHD)发生率6/10,最长随访时间26个月,死亡率4/12。结论CsA+MTX+MMF+ATG可有效预防HLA不全相合移植中的GVHD,不影响造血重建,不增加移植相关死亡率和感染率。     

异基因造血干细胞移植治疗慢性粒细胞白血病的疗效观察

目的:分析异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)治疗慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2001年1月至2011年12月110例CML患者,慢性期93例、加速期8例、急变期9例,97例接受亲缘移植,13例接受非亲缘移植。接受改良Bu/Cy、全身照射联合Bu/Cy预处理方案分别为96、14例。接受环孢素(CsA)联合甲氨蝶呤(MTX)和CsA、MTX、麦考酚酯或抗胸腺细胞球蛋白预防移植物抗宿主病分别有86例和24例。结果:移植后5年感染率37.3%,巨细胞病毒血症发生率30.9%。急性移植物抗宿主病26例,慢性移植物抗宿主病46例。移植相关死亡(TRM)18例,10例死于GVHD,8例死于严重感染。结论:allo-HSCT是治疗CML有效手段,慢性期治疗效果好。     

异基因外周血造血干细胞移植治疗白血病(附50例临床报告)

目的:评价异基因外周血造血干细胞移植(Allo-PBSCT)治疗白血病的疗效,同时比较ABO血型相合与不相合移植以及两种移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)预防方案.方法:用Allo-PBSCT治疗白血病50例(急性29例,慢性21例),其中ABO血型相合30例,不相合20例.PBSC动员采用G-CSF或G-CSF+GM-CSF皮下注射5 d;预处理采用CTX+VP16+TBI或CTX+TBI方案;GVHD预防采用常规环孢素A(CsA)+短程甲氨蝶呤(MTX)和霉酚酸酯(MMF)联合CsA+短程MTX两种方案.结果:本组患者经Allo-PBSCT均获得造血功能重建.ABO血型相合移植与不相合移植比较,后者血红蛋白恢复较慢(P<0.05),中性粒细胞和血小板恢复两者无差异(P>0.05).本组发生aGVHD 20例(40%),其中Ⅱ度以上9例(18%).生存6个月以上者发生cGVHD 22例(66.67%),其中广泛性11例(33.33%).MMF联合CsA和MTX方案与常规CsA联合MTX方案相比,前者可减少aGVHD发生率(P<0.05),虽两者cGVHD总发生率无差异(P>0.05),但前者广泛性cGVHD明显减少(P<0.05);本组患者中位随访30个月存活33例,移植后3年无病生存率为66%;GVHD合并感染和间质性肺炎是主要死因.结论:ABO血型不合不影响移植,但移植后血红蛋白恢复较慢;Allo-PBSCT中aGVHD发生率并不高,但cGVHD发生率明显升高;MMF联合CsA和MTX方案预防GVHD较常规CsA联合MTX方案为优.     

异基因造血干细胞移植术治疗自体造血干细胞移植术后复发的恶性淋巴瘤17例效果分析

目的 观察异基因造血干细胞移植治疗自体造血干细胞移植后复发的恶性淋巴瘤的临床效果.方法 本科2000-2011年采用异基因亲缘造血干细胞移植术治疗自体造血干细胞移植术后复发的恶性淋巴瘤患者17例,HLA配型全相合(6/6相合)10例,5/6相合5例,4/6相合2例.预处理方案采用环磷酰胺120 mg/kg分2d静滴,马利兰12～ 14 mg/kg分4d口服,氟达拉滨30 mg/m2×5 d.全相合供体采用CsA+ MTX+ MMF预防移植物抗宿主病(graft-versus-host disease,GVHD),不全相合供体采用ATG+ CsA+ MTX+ MMF预防GVHD.移植物均为外周血造血干细胞加骨髓.结果 17例患者均获造血重建,发生急性GVHD 9例(52.94％),发生慢性GVHD 11例(64.71％).随访12 ～ 120个月,6例患者分别于移植后8、11、15、19、21、34个月疾病复发而死亡,3例患者死于GVHD合并感染,余8例健康存活.结论 异基因造血干细胞移植是治疗自体造血干细胞移植后复发的恶性淋巴瘤患者的有效方法.     

ATG用于异体造血干细胞移植前预防移植物抗宿主反应

目的 分析异体造血干细胞移植前加用抗T淋巴细胞球蛋白(ATG)预防移植物抗宿主反应(GVHD)的疗效.方法 27例白血病患者分为两组,每组移植供体来源及病种类似,分别有同胞兄妹、无关供体和人类白细胞抗原(HLA)半相合供体.A组(n=12):采用经典的CsA+MTX预防GVHD;B组(n=15):采用CsA + MTX+ATG预防GVHD.结果 B组15例患者全部存活,除4例出现Ⅱ°急性GVHD(aGVHD)外,其余11例均在移植后30 d左右仅出现Ⅰ° GVHD,并很快控制.A组12例患者中,3例HLA半相合移植患者分别在移植后第7、9和10天即出现Ⅳ°超急性GVHD,另有1例无关供体患者出现Ⅲ° aGVHD,该4例患者由于重度GVHD继发肺部感染而死亡;其余8例同胞之间的移植分别出现Ⅱ°～Ⅲ°aGVHD.结论 在异体造血干细胞移植前应用ATG可以有效预防GVHD的发生或减轻GVHD的严重度,明显减少移植相关死亡率.     

环孢素A、甲氨喋呤、霉酚酚酸酯联合抗胸腺细胞球蛋白预防HLA不全相合移植的移植物抗宿主病

目的 评价环孢素A(CsA) 甲氨喋呤(MTX) 霉酚酸酯(MMF) 抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG)四联方案预防人类白细胞抗原(HLA)不全相合移植中的移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的疗效. 方法 10例白血病和2例骨髓增生异常综合征患者分别接受HLA不全相合造血干细胞移植(HSCT).预处理方案应用Flu Bu CTX;HLA1-3个位点不和. 结果 11例患者获得造血重建,急性GVHD(aGVHD)发生率7/11,慢性GVHD(cGVHD)发生率6/10,最长随访时间26个月,死亡率4/12. 结论 CsA MTX MMF ATG可有效预防HLA不全相合移植中的GVHD,不影响造血重建,不增加移植相关死亡率和感染率.     

异基因造血干细胞移植55例GVHD的临床观察

目的 探索异基因造血干细胞GVHD的有效防治方法.方法 异基因移植患者55例,慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)30例,急性髓系白血病(ALM)12例,急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)11例,急性混合细胞白血病(MAL)2例.同胞间人类白细胞抗原(HLA)全相合移植45例,非血缘异基因移植7例,HLA半相合移植3例.43例患者采用MMF、CsA联合短程MTX方案.12例患者采用MMF、CsA、短程MTX联合ATG方案.结果 所有患者造血均顺利重建,12例(21.1%)发生Ⅰ～Ⅱ度aGVHD;11例(20%)发生cGVHD,局限型8例,广泛型3例.aGVHD和广泛型cGVHD经甲强龙冲击治疗后均得到控制.结论 MMF、CsA、MTX、ATG三联方案能有效控制同胞间HLA全相合移植的aGVHD,加用ATG能理想的预防同胞间HLA半相合移植和非血缘异基因移植aGVHD的发生.     

环孢素A＋甲氨蝶呤＋霉酚酸酯＋抗胸腺细胞球蛋白四联方案预防无关供体造血干细胞移植中的移植物抗宿主病

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of quadruple therapy with cyclosporine (CsA), methotrexate (MTX), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and low-dose antithymocyte globulin (ATG) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis in unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). METHODS: Thirteen patients with leukemia received URD-HSCT, of whom 11 had HLA genotypes and 2 had mismatch for 1 genetic locus. Another 11 leukemia patients all serologically matched underwent related donor (RD)-HSCT. Total body irradiation (TBI) plus cyclophosphamide (CTX) was adopted in 19 cases and modified BuCY conditioning regimen (hydroxyurea, busulfan, Ara-C, Cyclophosphamide ) in the other 5 cases. All the patients received CsA+MTX protocal for GVHD prophylaxis, and in those undergoing URD-HSCT, additional MMF and low-dose ATG were used. RESULTS: The incidence and severity of regimen-related toxicity differed little between unrelated and related transplantation. Acute GVHD (aGVHD) occurred in 46.2% of the patients undergoing URD- HSCT and in 55.6% of those with RD-HSCT, respectively. Four patients had chronic GVHD (cGVHD), in the 7 ones who could be followed up after URD-HSCT; 6 of the 9 patients with RD-HSCT developed cGVHD postoperatively. One patient with URD-HSCT died of hemorrhagic cystitis and another with RD-HSCT died of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia. The at one-year disease-free survival rate was 87.5% and 90.9% in patients with unrelated and related transplantation respectively. Significant difference was not noted in the positivity rate of CMV antigen between the patients receiving URD-HSCT or RD-HSCT. CONCLUSION: CsA+MTX in combination with MMF and low-dose ATG may decrease the incidence and severity of aGVHD without increasing transplant-related mortality or CMV infection.     

不同强度预处理方案用于系列不明急性白血病异基因造血干细胞移植的疗效比较

目的 分析两种不同强度预处理方案对系列不明急性白血病(ALAL)异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)的疗效.方法 回顾性分析南方医科大学附属南方医院血液内科2002年3月至2010年8月38例ALAL患者临床资料.标准清髓性预处理方案为全身放疗+环磷酰胺或白消安+环磷酰胺;超强预处理方案为氟达拉滨+阿糖胞苷+全身放疗+环磷酰胺.移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)预防在人白细胞抗原(HLA)全相合相关移植患者用环孢素A(CsA)+甲氨蝶呤(MTX),HLA不相合相关移植及无关移植患者采用CsA+MTX+抗胸腺细胞球蛋白和(或)霉酚酸酯.COX模型分析影响长生存的因素.结果 19例患者接受标准预处理方案;19例接受超强预处理方案.移植后38例患者均获造血重建,5年累计总体总生存(OS)和无病生存(DFS)率分别为35.5%和25.7%;标准预处理组和超强预处理组5年0s率分别为20.2%与48.1%(P=0.233)、DFS为6.5%与43.1%(P:0.031).38例患者移植后5年白血病累计复发率为58.9%,标准预处理组和超强预处理组分别为87.6%和30.4%(P=0.003).COX单因素分析显示:超强预处理及慢性GVHD为DFS的保护因素(P=0.001、0.031).结论 在allo-HSCT中应用超强预处理能改善ALAL患者的生存及减少复发,移植物抗白血病效应对ALAL患者具有一定疗效.

Abstract：

objective To evaluate the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT)in the conditionings of different intensities for acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage(ALJAL). Methods A total of 38 ALAL patients were treated with two conditionings of different intensities in our hospital from March 2002 to August 2010. The standard conditioning included TBI+Cy or Bu+Cy,intensified conditioning included Fludarabine+Ara-C+TBI+Cy. Cyelosporine A(CsA)and methotrexate (MTX) were administered in patients with human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling donor. And CsA, MTXplus antihuman thymocyte globulin and/or mycophenolate were used in all patients with HLA-A-mismatched related donor and unrelated donors transplants for graft-versus-host disease(GVHD)prophylaxis. COX regression was used to evaluate the prognostic factors of ALAL Results Among 38 ALAL patients,19received the standard conditioning while another 19 the intensified conditioning. All patients achieved hematopoietic reconstitution. The 5-year overall survival(OS)and the disease-free survival(DFS)were 35. 5%and25. 7%respectivelv. The 5-year OS rates were 20. 2%and48. 1%(P=0. 233)and DFS 6. 5%and 43. 1%(P=0. 031)in the standard and intensified conditioning groups respectively. The 5-year cumulative relapsing incidence was 58. 9%in all patients and 87. 6% vs 30. 4% in the standard and intensifted conditioning groups respectively(P=0. 003). Through a COX regression model for univariate analysis, the intensified conditioning and chronic GVHD were protective factors for DFS (P = 0. 001,0. 031 ). Conclusions The intensified conditioning in ALAL patients undergoing allo-HSCT may improve the long-term patient survival and decrease the relapse of leukemia. The graft versus leukemic effect has some efficacy in ALAL patients undergoing allo-HSCT.     

造血干细胞移植后巨细胞病毒感染临床分析

目的观察各种类型的造血干细胞移植（HSCT）后巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染的发生情况及疗效。方法选择我院59例异基因造血干细胞移植（allo—HSCT）和自体造血干细胞移植（auto—HSCT）患者移植后不同时期血和尿标本，检测CMV—pp65抗原及（或）CMV—DNA（荧光定量PCR法）进行动态观察分析。CMV感染的预防采用更昔洛书（DHPC）5～10mg／kg，1次／12h，分别在移植前第8天至移植当天及当CMV血清学检测阳性或发生CMV病时应用2-4周，并可同时应用大剂量丙种球蛋白。结果CMV感染在allo—HSCT后好发，非亲缘性移植CMV感染率高，9例allo—HSCT出现CMV感染发生在移植后＋42-＋68天，其中5例均存在不同程度的移植物抗宿主病（GVHD），尤其是Ⅱ～Ⅳ度急性GVHD，2例进展为巨细胞间质性肺炎（CMV-1P）；多为既往CMV感染被激活，对CMV—DNA阳性而无症状者进行预防治疗可使CMV—DNA阴转，可降低CMV病的发生。结论CMV病是allo—HSCT的常见并发症及主要致死原因之一；因此积极防治GVHD的发生及发展、定期监测CMV血清学阳性患者、早期干预性治疗可以提高移植的成功率。     

Current status and development of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in China: a report from Chinese Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Register Group

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has three decades history in China. During these periods, the number of HSCT has been increasing, donor and stem cell sources were expanded, indication of diseases and patients for HSCT extended. Forty-two HSCT units offered their data 1–6 times from July 2007 to June 2010. The annual increase rates were 8.8% to 10.8%. Matched sibling donor is 41%, mismatched related/haploidentical donor is 24%, unrelated volunteer donor is 16%, and umbilical cord blood is 2%. The indications of major disease entities are acute myeloid leukemia (AML, 35%), acute lymphobastic leukemia (ALL, 25%), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML, 21%), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, 8%). The different opinions on the indication of HSCT were supported by some trials, matched/haploidentical HSCT fit for middle or high risk ALL and AML in first complete remission (CR1), the international prognosis score system (IPSS) — middle-II/high risk MDS, CML in advanced stage and so on, when patients have no matched sibling donor. In the Peking University Institute of Hematology, Peking University People’s Hospital, haploidentical HSCT has received a comparable result to matched simbling donor HSCT and unrelated matched donor HSCT; we suggest haploidentical donor might be a routine alternative donor for high-risk patents who need an urgent HSCT without matched related donor in special center.

     

难治性白血病异基因造血干细胞移植超强预处理的疗效

OBJECTIVE: To explore the regimen-related toxicity (RRT) and therapeutic effects of very-high-dose conditioning regimen combined with induction of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for refractory leukemia with unattainable complete remission (CR) before transplantation. METHODS: Eighteen patients who failed to obtain CR before transplantation received very-high-dose conditioning regimen protocol (experimental group), and 62 patients with acute leukemia with CR or with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase before transplantation received total body irradiation plus cyclophosphamide (CTX) or modified BuCY (hydroxyurea, busulfan, Ara-C, CTX) protocol (control group). In patients with refractory leukemia who did not develop graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) 30 d after the transplantation, GVL was induced by rapid reduction of the dosage of cyclosporin A or by donor lymphocytic infusion. The incidence and mortality of RRT and the rates of CR, GVHD and leukemia relapse after transplantation were investigated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis model was used to estimate the disease-free survival (DFS) rate at 3 years post-transplantation. RESULTS: Except for one patient in the experimental group and two in the control group who died of transplantation- related complications, all the other patients obtained hematopoietic reconstitution. The total incidence of RRT was 100% in both groups, involving most frequently the stomach and intestines at the rate as high as 83.3% in the experimental group and 85.5% in the control group. RRT involving the oral cavity occurred in 44.4% and 62.9%, and that involving the bladder in 16.7% and 33.9% of the cases in the experimental group and control group, respectively, all similar between the groups (P=0.823, 0.172 and 0.244, respectively). The RRT mortality was 0 and 5% in the experimental and control groups, respectively (P=0.341). With the exception of one patient who died of infection, all the other patients treated with very-high-dose conditioning regimen obtained CR. The incidences of acute/chronic GVHD were 58.8%/92.6% and 40.0%/55.8%, respectively, in the experimental and control groups. The incidence of leukemia relapse was 11.8% and 18.3%, and DFS at 3 years after transplantation was (61.2+/-12.3)% and (65.0+/-7.4)% (P=0.6311) in the two groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: Consecutive very-high-dose conditioning regimen combined with GVL induction after transplantation can increase the rate of CR and DFS, without increasing RRT incidence and mortality in allo-HSCT for the refractory leukemia with unattainable CR pre-transplantation.     

难治性白血病异基因造血干细胞移植超强预处理的疗效

目的 探讨异基因造血干细胞移植超强预处理联合移植后诱导移植物抗白血病(GVL)治疗难治未缓解白血病的预处理相关毒性(RRT)和疗效。方法 18例移植前难治未缓解白血病和62例移植前完全缓解的急性白血病或慢性粒细胞白血病慢性期病人分别接受超强预处理方案和全身放疗+环磷酰胺或改良BuCY(羟基脲、马利兰、阿糖胞苷、环磷酰胺)方案(对照组)。在难治性白血病移植后30d未出现移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)病人,采用早期快速递减环孢素A或供体淋巴细胞输注诱导GVL。统计移植后RRT发生率与致死率、移植后完全缓解率、GVHD发生率、白血病复发和无病生存率等。结果 移植后除超强预处理组1例和对照组2例死于移植相关并发症外,其余病人均获得造血重建。两组总RRT发生率均为100%,各脏器RRT发生均以胃肠最常见,超强预处理组和对照组分别为83.3%和85.5%,两组口腔RRT发生率分别为44.4%和62.9%,膀胱RRT发生率分别为16.7%和33.9%,各组比较未见差异。超强预处理组RRT致死率为0,对照组为5%,两组比较无差异(P=0.341)。18例接收超强预处理病人除1例死于移植中感染外,其余病人均获完全缓解。超强预处理组和对照组移植后急性GVHD发生率分别为11.8%和18.3%,移植后3年估计无病生存率分别为(61.2±12.3)%和(65.0±7.4)%(P=0.6311)。结论 连续序惯超强预处理方案能提高移植前未缓解的难治性白血病移植后完全缓解率和无病生存率,不增加移植中RRT发生率和致死率。     

双份无关供者脐血移植治疗成人体重急性白血病

目的 探索非亲缘性双份脐血移植（CBT）治疗成人体重急性白血病的可行性及并发症的防治。方法 对3例成人体重（〉50kg）急性白血病患者（1例ALL-NR，2例ANLL．CRl）进行双份无关供者脐血移植，预处理方案采用白消安／环磷酰胺（BU／Cy）方案加抗胸腺细胞球蛋白（ATG），移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的预防用环胞菌素A（CsA）、甲氨蝶呤（MTX）及霉酚酸酯（MMF）±赛尼哌（Zenapax）；肝静脉闭塞病（VOD）的预防用低分子右旋糖酐及肝素。结果 例1、例2中性粒细胞绝对值（ANC）〉0．5×10^9／L的时间分别为＋17d、＋16d。血小板〉50×10^9／L的时间为＋40d、＋37d；DNA指纹图分别在＋18d、＋21d外周血VNTR检测显示为供者1型；例1＋33d骨髓象完全缓解；＋120d出现复发。例2染色体核型为46，XY；于＋55d血型转为A型。目前已无病存活50个月。例3于＋27d回输自体外周血干细胞，恢复自身造血，目前无病生存46个月。结论 对于成人体重受者接受HLA配型部分相合的2份脐血移植在临床上是可行的。