门冬氨酸鸟氨酸联合醒脑静治疗肝性脑病的疗效观察

目的观察门冬氨酸鸟氨酸联合醒脑静治疗肝性脑病的临床疗效。方法将64例肝性脑病患者随机分为观察组和对照组各32例,两组患者均给予无蛋白饮食、保肝、抗感染、维持水电解质平衡、降血氨药物应用、防治脑水肿等综合治疗。对照组在此基础上加用乙酰谷酰胺1g加入5%葡萄糖液250ml静滴,每日1次。观察组则给予门冬氨酸鸟氨酸7.5g加入5%葡萄糖液250ml静滴,每日1次;醒脑静注射液20ml加入10%葡萄糖液250ml静滴,每日1次。两组均以10d为1个疗程。观察两组患者的临床表现、血氨和肝功能指标的变化。结果观察组显效率50.0%,总有效率93.8%明显高于对照组的31.2%和81.2%(P0.05);观察组神志达到清醒所需时间和数字连接试验(NCT)时间均较对照组明显缩短(P均0.001),血氨和总胆红素(TBIL)水平均较对照组明显降低(P0.05)。结论门冬氨酸鸟氨酸联合醒脑静治疗肝性脑病,能有效降低患者的血氨水平,缩短达到清醒所需时间,提高临床疗效,具有广阔的应用前景。     

复方甘草酸苷(美能)治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效观察

目的了解复方甘草酸苷治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效。方法将邵阳市中心医院感染科2004年08月-2005年08月收治的66例慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为治疗组(33例)和对照组(33例),治疗组用美能注射剂60ml加入10%葡萄糖注射液250ml中,静脉滴注,1/d,连续6周;对照组用甘利欣注射剂30ml加入10%葡萄糖注射液250ml中,静脉滴注,1/d,连续6周。2组均加用维生素C辅助治疗。观察2组的临床症状、体征、肝功能指标变化及不良反应。结果2组病例症状及体征大多消失或好转,尤以治疗组明显,治疗组在总胆红素、ALT、AST的改善方面较对照组差异有显著性(P<0.05),且治疗组不良反应小于对照组。结论复方甘草酸苷治疗慢性乙型肝炎具有较好的临床疗效且安全。     

复方甘草酸苷治疗抗结核药物性肝炎的临床疗效分析

目的观察复方甘草酸苷治疗抗结核药物性肝炎的临床疗效。方法将65例由应用抗结核药物所引起的药物性肝损伤患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组给予复方甘草酸苷(复方甘草酸苷注射液60 ml加5%葡萄糖注射液250 ml,静脉滴注,每日1次)治疗4周,对照组给予还原型谷胱甘肽(还原型谷胱甘肽1.2 g加入5%葡萄糖注射液250 ml中静脉滴注,每日1次)治疗4周,对两组进行疗效比较。结果治疗组在肝功能恢复,症状、体征的改善方面差异均有显著性(P0.05)。结论复方甘草酸苷治疗药物性肝炎疗效可靠,值得临床推广。     

腺苷蛋氨酸联合异甘草酸镁治疗瘀胆型肝炎45例

[目的]观察腺苷蛋氨酸联合异甘草酸镁治疗瘀胆型肝炎的疗效。[方法]90例患者随机分为2组各45例,治疗组采用腺苷蛋氨酸冻干粉针剂1 000 mg加入5%葡萄糖250 ml静脉滴注,1次/d,异甘草酸镁注射液100mg加入10%葡萄糖250 ml静脉滴注,1次/d;对照组采用苦黄注射液30 ml加入10%葡萄糖250 ml静脉滴注,1次/d,甘草酸二铵注射液150 mg加入10%葡萄糖250 ml静脉滴注,1次/d,疗程均为4周。观察患者治疗前后的症状和肝功能变化,并记录治疗过程中的不良反应。[结果]治疗组总有效率95.6%,优于对照组77.8%,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。治疗组治疗后肝功能指标均较治疗前改善（P〈0.05）,且各指标改善情况均优于对照组（P〈0.05）。[结论]腺苷蛋氨酸联合异甘草酸镁治疗瘀胆型肝炎临床疗效明显。     

复方甘草酸苷联合川芎嗪治疗慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的疗效观察

目的观察复方甘草酸苷(美能)联合川芎嗪对慢性乙型肝炎(慢乙肝)肝纤维化的疗效。方法82例慢乙肝患者被随机分为治疗组42例,对照组40例。对照组给予川芎嗪针160mg,加入5%葡萄糖注射液250ml,静脉滴注,1/d,每月连用20d,停药10d,疗程3个月;在此基础上,治疗组加用复方甘草酸苷片,口服,每次2片,3/d,疗程3个月。对照观察2组肝纤维化指标变化。结果治疗组疗效明显优于对照组,2组比较有显著性差异。结论复方甘草酸苷联合川芎嗪治疗肝纤维化疗效明显优于单用川芎嗪组,说明两者合用具有较强的抗肝纤维化作用,具有协同增强作用,且使用方便、疗效显著,不失为治疗和预防肝纤维化的一种方法。     

门冬氨酸鸟氨酸联合氟马西尼治疗肝性脑病的疗效观察

目的观察门冬氨酸鸟氨酸联合氟马西尼治疗肝性脑病的临床疗效。方法将64例肝性脑病患者随机分为观察组和对照组（各32例）,两组均给予无蛋白饮食、保肝、抗感染、维持水电解质平衡、降低血氨、防治脑水肿等综合治疗。对照组在此基础上将乙酰谷酰胺1g加入5%葡萄糖250ml静滴,每日1次,观察组则给予门冬氨酸鸟氨酸7.5g加入5%葡萄糖250ml静滴,每日1次,氟马西尼2mg加入生理盐水10ml,每小时0.2mg持续静注,两组均以10d为1个疗程。观察并对比两组患者治疗后的临床疗效、清醒时间和治疗前后血氨、肝功能、总胆红素等变化。结果总有效率观察组93.75%,显著高于对照组81.25%（P〈0.05）;观察组平均清醒时间为（8.46±2.32）h,显著短于对照组平均清醒时间（14.69±3.56）h（P〈0.05）;血氨和总胆红素水平均较对照组显著降低（P〈0.05）。结论门冬氨酸鸟氨酸联合氟马西尼治疗肝性脑病能有效降低患者血氨水平,缩短清醒所需时间,提高临床疗效。     

654-2联合安定治疗重度眩晕60例疗效观察

目的观察654-2合安定治疗眩晕的疗效。方法将120例眩晕患者随机分为两组，治疗组60例予654-2注射液加入5％葡萄糖注射液250ml静滴以及安定注射液加入5％葡萄糖注射液250ml缓慢静滴；对照组60例，采用低分子右旋糖酐500ml加复方丹参注射液10～20ml静滴。结果治疗组疗效明显优于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论654-2联合安定治疗眩晕安全有效。     

复方甘草甜素治疗病毒性乙型肝炎疗效观察

观察复方甘草甜素治疗病毒性乙型肝炎疗效。采用复方甘草甜素注射液80ml加入5％葡萄糖注射液 250 ml,每日一次静滴,4周为一个疗程,共两个疗程。治疗病毒性乙型肝炎33例,对照组31例,采用丹参注射液加甘利欣注射液静滴8周。治疗组ALT、TBil下降幅度、复常例数,复常天数均优于对照组;治疗组总有效率90．9％, 对照组总有效率为68．2％;明显优于对照组,P<0．01及P<0．05。复方甘草甜素值得临床推广和应用。     

异甘草酸镁治疗ALT升高的慢性肝病的多中心、随机、双盲、多剂量、阳性药物平行对照临床研究

目的 通过与阳性药物复方甘草酸苷比较,观察异甘草酸镁注射液治疗ALT升高的慢性肝病的临床疗效和安全性. 方法多中心,随机、双盲、多剂量、阳性药物平行对照的试验设计,480例患者随机进入异甘草酸镁100 mg/d剂量组(A组,180例)、150 mg/d剂量组(B组,180例)和阳性药复方甘草酸苷对照组(C组,120例).试验A组:异甘草酸镁注射液100nag加入到10%葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注,1次/d;试验B组:异甘草酸镁注射液150mg加入到1%葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注,1次/d;对照组:复方甘草酸苷注射液120 mg加入到10%葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注,1次/d.疗程为4周,停药2周后随访.治疗前,治疗第2周、第4周和停药后2周观察症状、体征及ALT,AST变化情况;治疗前、治疗第4周观察其他肝功能指标.采用t检验分析计量资料,Fisher确切概率法分析计数资料,Wilcoxon秩和检验分析等级资料.组内疗效指标比较采用非参数的符号秩和检验方法,组间疗效指标比较采用中心效应的方差分析法或CMH方法.结果 412例患者按方案完成研究,其中A组152例,B组160例,C组100例.治疗2周和4周后,三组患者ALT、AST水平均明显下降(P值均<0.05);治疗2周时的ALT下降幅度,B组明显大于C组(P<0.01),治疗4周时ALT下降幅度三组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗4周后,A,B、C组ALT改善的总有效率分别为92.59%、91.76%、88.29%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).4周后,A、B、C组的临床总有效率和总体疗效的总有效率分别为90.41%、89.86%、86.46%和72.22%,73.53%、68.47%,三组间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).停药后,三组患者均无明显反跳.三组患者的不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 异甘草酸镁注射液可以安全、有效地治疗ALT升高的慢性肝病.     

复方甘草酸苷在重型肝炎恢复期抗纤维化治疗的疗效观察

目的研究复方甘草酸苷在重型肝炎恢复期抗纤维化治疗的疗效。方法选取恢复期重型肝炎患者55例,随机分为两组,治疗组(28例)给予复方甘草酸苷100 mL+10%葡萄糖200 mL静滴1次/d,两个月后改为复方甘草酸苷片3片口服3次/d。4个月后重复上述方案,12个月为1疗程。对照组(27例)给予甘草酸二铵注射液40 mL+10%葡萄糖200 mL静滴1次/d,两个月后改为甘草酸二铵肠溶胶囊150 mg,口服3次/d,4个月后重复上述方案,12个月为1疗程。分别于治疗前及治疗后6个月、12个月测血清肝纤维化指标[血清透明质酸(HA)、层黏蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(ⅣC)];治疗前及治疗后12个月进行肝穿刺了解肝组织炎症反应活动度、纤维化程度的改变。结果治疗组患者HA、PCⅢ、ⅣC、LN均较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);肝组织活检结果提示两组患者肝纤维化程度均较治疗前有所好转,但治疗组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组抗肝纤维化的总体有效率,治疗组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论复方甘草酸苷有较好的抗肝纤维化作用。     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.