冠状动脉介入治疗后造影复查支架再狭窄结果分析

目的:分析不同类型支架置入术后冠状动脉(冠脉)造影复查的影像学特点.方法:入选行冠脉介入治疗后进行造影复查的577例患者的846处病变,根据置入支架类型及方式不同分别分析其临床资料及冠脉造影资料.结果:冠脉造影随访率为22.62%;药物支架虽然病变更复杂,但其冠脉造影复查再狭窄率明显低于裸支架(20.29%VS 42.56%,P=0.000);裸支架重叠、药物支架重叠、裸支架与药物支架重叠时再狭窄率分别为53.49%,25.55%,35.29%.药物支架在支架内弥漫性、支架内弥漫性累及两端及支架内局限性再狭窄率明显低于裸支架,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.001,P=0.013,P=0.031),药物支架支架近端局限性再狭窄率高于裸支架,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);不同药物支架冠脉造影复查再狭窄率没有统计学差异(P=0.193);药物支架和裸支架在糖尿病患者中冠脉造影复查再狭窄率为23.85%和42.65%(P=0.012).结论:①长病变需要重叠支架时尽量使用药物支架重叠;②药物支架改变了支架再狭窄类型,由弥漫型再狭窄转为局限型;③不同种类药物支架效果良好;④药物支架对糖尿病患者同样有效.     

雷帕霉素和紫杉醇药物洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉开口病变的临床疗效比较

目的:评价雷帕霉素和紫杉醇两种药物洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉开口处病变的临床效果。方法:选择我院2004年4月12日至2006年04月30日期间连续于冠状动脉开口处置入雷帕霉素或紫杉醇药物洗脱支架,并在6个月后完成冠状动脉造影随访的92例(95个病变)患者进入该研究。分成紫杉醇药物洗脱支架组(紫杉醇组,美国Boston公司Taxus支架)45例(47个病变)和雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架组(雷帕霉素组,美国Cordis公司Cypher支架)47例(48个病变)。对两组患者的主要心脏不良事件包括死亡、心肌梗死及靶病变血运重建率进行比较。结果:紫杉醇组47处病变共置入47个支架,雷帕霉素组48处病变共置入49个支架,两组手术成功率均100%。定量冠状动脉造影显示紫杉醇组和雷帕霉素组术前参考血管直径分别为(2.85±0.53)mm和(2.96±0.41)mm,病变长度为(15.7±14.1)mm和(18.1±11.6)mm;术后支架总长度为(19.68±14.26)mm和(23.87±12.17)mm,最大扩张压力为(14.2±2.9)atm和(15.0±2.7)atm,两组比较均没有差异。术后30天随访无主要心脏不良事件发生,无急性和亚急性血栓形成。6个月随访时雷帕霉素组和紫杉醇组的主要心脏不良事件分别为6.4%和11.1%,没有显著差异(P=0.184)。两组平均造影随访时间相似〔(225±84)天vs(210±50)天〕。紫杉醇组的节段内和支架内再狭窄率分别为22.2%(10/45)和15.5%(7/45),雷帕霉素组为4.3%(2/47)和0%(0/47),两组比较有显著差异(P<0.01);边缘再狭窄率分别为6.7%(3/45)和4.3%(2/47),两组无差异(P>0.05)。紫杉醇组6个月后的靶病变血运重建率8.9%,雷帕霉素组4.3%,无显著差异(P>0.05)。紫杉醇组的支架内和节段内的晚期管腔丢失〔(0.65±0.67)mm,(0.68±0.65)mm〕明显高于雷帕霉素组〔(0.16±0.18)mm,(0.15±0.24)mm(P<0.001)〕。结论:两种药物洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉开口病变均安全有效。雷帕霉素支架的造影再狭窄率和晚期管腔丢失明显低于紫杉醇支架,但两种药物洗脱支架6个月后的靶病变血运重建没有显著差异。     

雷帕霉素与紫杉醇药物洗脱支架对小型猪早期冠状动脉炎症性狭窄治疗的定量冠状动脉造影研究

目的:制作小型猪冠状动脉炎症型支架再狭窄模型,用定量冠状动脉造影、测定支架处血管壁内膜增生程度及炎症因子表达等方法探讨雷帕霉素及紫杉醇涂层支架对炎症性冠状动脉狭窄的抑制作用。方法:小型雄性家猪14头,开胸法将冠状动脉外膜包裹吸附白介素-1β(IL-1β)琼脂糖微粒悬液的纸巾。2周后,用定量冠状动脉造影观察管腔狭窄程度及随机分为雷帕霉素支架组(n=7)、紫杉醇支架组(n=9)及裸支架组(n=8)。1个月后进行随访定量冠状动脉造影测定各组冠状动脉支架节段内和支架内的最小管腔直径(MDL),参照管腔直径(RLD),管腔狭窄百分比(DS),计算出晚期管腔丢失(LLL)进行对比分析。塑料包埋法进行支架血管切片,测定管腔增生面积及血管壁单核细胞趋化因子-1(MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、P-选择素、血管细胞间黏附因子-1(VCAM-1)的表达。结果:冠状动脉外膜包裹IL-1β血管段局限性狭窄平均达到70％以上。裸支架组中冠状动脉支架节段内和支架内的LLL明显高于雷帕霉素支架组和紫杉醇支架组,且再狭窄(DS)率高。雷帕霉素支架组及紫杉醇支架组冠状动脉支架节段内和支架内LLL均低于裸支架组,且明显抑制内膜增生(P<0．01)。但只有雷帕霉素支架组明显下调MCP-1,TNF-α,P-选择素和VCAM-1的表达。结论:雷帕霉素和紫杉醇药物洗脱支架对IL-1β诱发的小型猪冠状动脉炎症性狭窄均有较好的抗内膜增殖作用,但在LLL指标及抑制内膜增生方面雷帕霉素优于紫杉醇药物洗脱支架,有可能是通过直接或间接抗炎机制达到的。     

冠心病患者应用紫杉醇与国产雷帕霉素洗脱支架的随机对照研究

目的:观察冠心病患者应用雷帕霉素洗脱支架与紫杉醇洗脱支架后临床不良心血管事件的发生率。方法:本研究为随机开放平行对照研究,共入选患者168例,雷帕霉素支架组83例,紫杉醇支架组85例。两组患者在年龄,性别组成,吸烟比例,糖尿病比例,血压水平,总胆固醇水平,冠状动脉病变支数,冠状动脉病变积分(Gensini法),左心室射血分数均无统计学上的差异。术后严格要求患者服用阿司匹林和噻氯匹定或氯比格雷9个月。通过门诊或电话随访术后患者临床不良心血管事件的发生率,部分患者进行了冠状动脉造影复查。结果:平均随访10.6个月,失访患者3例(包括2例雷帕霉素支架组患者与1例紫杉醇支架组患者),失访率为1.79%。在随访的81例雷帕霉素支架组共7例(8.64%)发生了临床不良心血管事件。在随访到的84例紫杉醇支架组8例(9.52%)患者发生了不良心血管事件。以上2组患者不良心血管事件发生率差异无统计学意义(卡方检验P>0.05)。雷帕霉素支架组冠状动脉造影再狭窄率为200%(3/15),紫杉醇支架组冠状动脉造影再狭窄率为25%(6/24),两组之间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:短期临床随访结果表明,冠心病患者应用雷帕霉素洗脱支架与紫杉醇洗脱支架临床心血管事件的发生率较低,两组无统计学差异。冠状动脉造影复查两组再狭窄率无统计学差异     

药物洗脱支架治疗支架内再狭窄的对照研究

目的 比较3种药物洗脱支架(DES)治疗支架内再狭窄的长期临床效果.方法 回顾性分析阜外医院对支架内再狭窄病例用DES行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的390例患者,其中雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架(Cypher)组187例(C组),紫杉醇药物涂层支架(Taxus)组89例(T组),国产雷帕霉素涂层支架(Firebird)组114例(F组).结果 T组不稳定性心绞痛比率高于另2组,F组左主干病变比率低于另2组,而3支病变比率高于另2组.3组平均临床随访时间为864、848和719 d,主要不良心脏事件发生率差异无统计学意义(P=0.081),3组总的支架内血栓发生率差异无统计学意义(P=0.605).7个月造影随访支架内和血管段再狭窄率T组有增高的趋势(17.9%比29.4%比13.6%.P=0.214和21.8%比35.3%比15.9%,P=0.132).支架内和血管段的晚期丢失T组均明显大于另外2组[(0.31±0.12)mm比(0.75±0.24)mm比(0.31±0.13)mm,P=0.000和(0.33±0.18)mm比(0.61±0.23)mm比(0.31±0.14)mm,P=0.001].结论 3种DES治疗支架内再狭窄病变的长期疗效相似,Cypher和Firebird抑制内膜增生的作用更强.     

雷帕霉素涂层支架对支架内早期再狭窄的预防

目的 :评价乳酸和乙醇酸聚合物携带雷帕霉素并以支架为载体抑制血管新生内膜的作用和预防支架内再狭窄的有效性。方法 :采用随机、双盲试验 ,在 2 0头微型猪的冠状动脉前降支或左旋支分别置入支架 1枚 ,其中金属裸支架 8枚 ;雷帕霉素涂层支架 12枚。涂层材料选用乳酸和乙醇酸聚合物 ,根据两种材料比例将涂层支架分为雷帕霉素缓慢释放涂层支架 (药物剂量 6 5～ 90 μg/支架 ,5枚 )和雷帕霉素快速释放涂层支架 (药物剂量 6 8～ 96 μg/支架 ,7枚 )。2 8d后进行冠状动脉造影 ,术后处死动物 ,取出支架血管 ,进行组织学分析。 结果 :对照组的再狭窄率为 2 5 .0 % (2 /8) ;两组雷帕霉素涂层支架均为 0 %。平均狭窄程度 :对照组为 (31± 2 2 ) % ,雷帕霉素缓慢释放涂层支架组减少了 2 8% (P <0 .0 5 ) ;雷帕霉素快速释放涂层支架组减少了 2 3% (P <0 .0 5 ) ;新生内膜面积 :对照组 (2 .18± 1.0 3)mm2 ;雷帕霉素缓慢释放涂层支架组减少了 1.0 9mm2 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;雷帕霉素快速释放涂层支架组减少了 1.2 4mm2 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :乳酸和乙醇酸聚合物携带雷帕霉素涂层支架可以降低支架内的狭窄程度 ,有效地减少血管内新生内膜面积 ,预防支架内的狭窄     

糖尿病患者植入雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架的疗效分析

目的:评价糖尿病对雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架临床疗效的影响。方法:选择2002年12月至2005年5月应用雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架(Cypher)的冠心病合并糖尿病患者262例(糖尿病组)和非糖尿病患者262例(对照组),平均随访8个月,患者均复查冠状动脉造影,分析不良心脏事件(心性死亡,急性心肌梗死或靶病变重建)和冠状动脉造影复查结果,评价糖尿病对Cypher支架临床近远期疗效的影响。结果:1.2组支架植入成功率均为100%,糖尿病组无死亡,6例于术后第2天发生急性心肌梗死,对照组无死亡,11例于随访6个月时发生急性心肌梗死;2.复查冠状动脉造影显示糖尿病组和对照组晚期管腔绝对内径丢失分别为(0.06±0.02)mmvs(0.04±0.02)mm(P>0.05),相对内径丢失分别为(2.32±0.19)%vs(1.63±0.14)%(P=0.03)。因再狭窄行靶血管重建者分别为33例(12.60%)和26例(9.92%)(P>0.05)。回归分析显示,相关血管大小和相对管腔内径丢失与再狭窄有关。结论:糖尿病患者应用Cypher支架安全有效,但相对内径丢失明显,糖尿病合并小血管可能是雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架再狭窄的影响因素。     

雷帕霉素洗脱支架治疗冠心病患者弥漫性长病变的疗效

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)是治疗冠心病的重要方法,冠状动脉内支架置入能够显著降低经皮冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)术后的各种严重并发症,如血管再狭窄及急性血管闭塞[1].但介入性心脏病治疗中,冠心病慢性弥漫性长病变的治疗仍然困难重重,随着近年来药物洗脱支架技术的出现及使用,冠脉慢性弥漫性长病变的治疗可能会出现转机[2].本文回顾性分析了我院应用金属裸支架及西罗英司(雷帕霉素)洗脱支架在冠心病弥漫性长病变的效果.     

支架内再狭窄病变再次介入治疗后造影复查结果分析

目的:评价支架内再狭窄(ISR)病变再次行介入治疗后的造影复查结果,试图寻找合适的治疗方法。方法:行冠状动脉再狭窄病变介入治疗后进行冠状动脉造影复查的患者58例,分析其临床资料及冠状动脉造影图像。根据再次介入治疗方法不同分为置入药物支架(DES)和非DES治疗(包括单纯球囊扩张、双导丝球囊或切割球囊扩张、放射治疗和裸支架置入)组,分析再狭窄率及主要心血管不良事件(MACE)发生情况。结果:共涉及58处ISR病变,前降支病变占56.90%;70.69%为裸支架的ISR病变;32.76%的病变为支架内局限性狭窄,支架内弥漫性狭窄病变占18.97%,10.24%为支架完全闭塞病变;其中50%的ISR患者接受了病变处DES治疗,20.69%接受了单纯的普通球囊扩张;复查造影时间为平均(13.12±8.03)个月;ISR病变DES组发生病变处再狭窄和发生MACE情况明显低于接受其他治疗组(再狭窄发生率17.24%:51.72%,P<0.05;MACE发生率20.69%:51.72%,P<0.05);对有可能影响ISR病变介入治疗后再次发生ISR的各种因素进行Logistic分析可见,再次治疗的方法是再次发生ISR的独立危险因素。结论:对于ISR病变置入DES近中期效果明显优于其他介入治疗方法。     

紫杉醇微孔载药支架与进口雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架治疗冠心病的临床效果比较

目的:比较紫杉醇微孔载药支架和进口雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的临床疗效。方法: 筛选73例行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术的冠心病患者,随机分为两组,紫杉醇微孔载药支架组（紫杉醇组,35例）和进口雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架组（雷帕霉素组,38例）。支架植入术后6个月复查冠状动脉造影（CAG）。随访6个月,对比两组支架内血栓形成、主要心血管不良事件（包括心源性死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、靶病变血运重建）和支架内再狭窄发生率。结果: 随访6个月,两组均未出现急性、亚急性和晚期支架内血栓形成、非致死性心肌梗死和心源性死亡。心绞痛、支架内再狭窄和靶病变血运重建发生率均无统计学差异。结论: 紫杉醇微孔载药支架与进口雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架在治疗冠状动脉简单病变时具有相同的近、中期临床疗效和安全性。     

药物洗脱支架对完全闭塞性病变介入治疗预后影响的评估

目的比较对于完全性闭塞病变采用药物洗脱支架和金属裸支架的近期和远期预后。方法选择我院近期连续接受置入药物洗脱支架(DES)或金属裸支架(BMS)治疗,并且进行冠状动脉造影随访的155例存在完全闭塞病变的冠心病患者。患者在支架术后6个月左右接受冠状动脉造影随访。结果共155例患者(138名男性,17名女性)159处靶病变置入232枚支架完成造影随访,其中慢性完全性闭塞65例,占41.9%。其中C型病变占总数的85.4%。在患者基本条件方面,DES组2型糖尿病比例要多于BMS组(33.8%比18.5%,P=0.030)。在病变基本条件方面,DES组和BMS组C型病变分别占89.6%和72.0%(P=0.005),DES组病变更为复杂。DES组慢性完全闭塞病变比例明显高于BMS组(60.3%比24.4%,P<0.001)。DES组和BMS组的支架长度和病变长度没有差别。DES组参考血管直径小于BMS组[(2.72±0.36)mm比(2.96±0.52)mm,P=0.001]。6个月随访结果显示支架再狭窄DES组明显低于BMS组(15.6%比41.5%,P<0.001)。DES组支架再狭窄更多为局限性(58.3%比17.6%,P<0.001)。DES组的靶病变血管重建率明显低于BMS组(5.8%比19.9%,P=0.001)。病变内晚期腔径丢失DES明显小于BMS[(0.36±0.63)mm比(1.04±0.70)mm,P<0.001]。晚期支架内血栓DES有2例,BMS为0。DES组有1例死亡。术后主要心脏不良事件发生率两组分别是1.4%和11.1%,DES组显著低于BMS组(P=0.032)。结论我们的研究发现对于完全闭塞性病变的治疗,DES有着良好的治疗效果,比BMS有着明显减低的再狭窄率、靶病变血管重建率,并且在随访期间患者有着更少的心血管事件。     

Transition from bare metal to drug eluting stenting in contemporary US practice: effect on incidence and predictors of clinically driven target lesion revascularization.

BACKGROUND: The performance of drug eluting stents (DES) and impact on every day practice in the USA, where complex, nonselective cases are the rule, remain unknown. METHODS: The Brigham and Women's Hospital interventional experience in the bare metal stents (BMS) (6/2002 to 2/2003) and after abrupt and near universal adoption of DES (4/2003 to 9/2004) were compared. Demographic, procedural and in-hospital outcomes for all consecutive cases where investigated. Predictors and angiographic characteristics of patients returning for clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) in both eras were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 2,555 DES cases (3,061 lesions, 87.9% Cypher, 12.1% Taxus), 47 underwent TLR during follow-up (68 lesions, 2.2%). Of the 1,731 BMS cases (1,798 lesions), 162 underwent clinically indicated TLR (209 lesions, 11.6%), representing an 81% DES era TLR risk reduction. Multivariate predictors of TLR in the DES era: left main lesion (LM) (odds ratio (OR) 7.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.33-17.53, P<0.01, treatment of restenosis (OR 5.96, CI 3.21-11.08, P<0.01), and diabetes (OR 1.68, CI 0.92-3.04, P=0.07). Predictors of restenosis in the BMS era included additional clinical, lesion, and stent characteristics, while LM lesion was absent. Angiographic patterns of stent restenosis differed in the DES (focal) and BMS (diffuse) era. CONCLUSIONS: The transition from BMS to DES in the setting of a large USA hospital practice is safe and associated with significant reduction in clinically driven TLR. Treatment of specific lesions types (repeat restenosis, distal LM) and diabetic patients remain suboptimal and warrant further investigation.     

Drug-eluting stent-supported percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total coronary occlusion.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine the clinical and angiographic outcomes after drug-eluting stent (DES)-supported percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO). BACKGROUND: There are few data about the efficacy of DES-supported PCI for CTO. METHODS: All consecutive patients who had a sirolimus-eluting stent or a paclitaxel-eluting stent implanted for CTO from December 2003 to December 2004 were analyzed. Clinical and angiographic outcomes of patients treated with DES were compared with a case-matched control group of patients treated with bare metal stents (BMS) in the 12 months before the routine use of DES. RESULTS: Successful DES-supported PCI was performed in 92 patients and 104 CTO. The case-matched control group consisted of 26 patients and 27 CTO successfully treated with BMS. There were no differences between groups in baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics. Stent length in the DES group was higher as compared with that of BMS group (51+/-28 mm vs. 40+/-19 mm, P=0.073). The 6-month major adverse cardiac event (MACE) rate was lower in the DES group as compared with that of BMS group (9.8% vs. 23%, P=0.072). The angiographic follow-rate was 80% in the DES group and 81% in the BMS group. The 6-month restenosis rate was 19% in the DES group and 45% in the BMS group (P<0.001). By multivariate analysis, it was found that in the DES group, the only predictors of restenosis were stented segment length (OR 1.031, 95% CI 1.01-1.06, P=0.009) and a target vessel reference diameter<2.5 mm (OR 6.48, 95% CI 1.51-27.83, P=0.012), while the only predictor of MACE was stent length (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.08, P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: DES implantation for CTO decreases the risk of mid-term restenosis and MACE. Small vessels and diffuse disease requiring the implantation of multiple stents and very long stents for full coverage of the target lesion are still associated with a relatively high risk of restenosis.     

药物洗脱支架和金属裸支架治疗弥漫病变的比较研究

目的比较冠心病患者弥漫病变采用药物洗脱支架和金属裸支架治疗的近期和远期预后,分析影响这类病变介入治疗预后的危险因素。方法研究对象为我院2004年4月至2005年8月接受置入单个长度>25.0mm支架治疗并且进行冠状动脉造影随访的205例患者,排除支架置入失败及支架置入位置不理想者。分为置入药物洗脱支架(DES)组(n=128)和置入金属裸支架(BMS)组(n=77)。所有的患者术后均接受阿司匹林300mg、氯吡格雷75mg等规范药物治疗。手术成功判定标准为至少用相互垂直的两个投照体位行冠状动脉造影,肉眼判定残余狭窄<20%和前向血流TIMI3级。再狭窄判定标准以复查冠状动脉造影定量分析支架内或支架邻近血管管腔直径狭窄程度≥50%。患者在支架术后6个月左右接受冠状动脉造影随访。结果共205例患者(男性181例,女性24例)227个靶病变置入382枚支架完成造影随访。其中C型病变占总数的93.8%,B2型病变为6.2%。双支或双支以上血管病变的患者比例达到86.8%。平均术前参考血管直径(2.88±0.43)mm。平均每个病变支架长度(40.09±12.94)mm,54.2%的病变接受了重叠置入支架。比较置入DES组和置入BMS组,两组的患者基本条件差异无统计学意义,在病变基本条件方面,DES组术前参考血管直径明显小于BMS组[(2.80±0.37)mm比(3.10±0.48)mm,P=0.005]。6个月随访结果显示再狭窄率DES组(15.4%)小于BMS组(48.4%),P<0.001。晚期支架内腔径丢失BMS组明显大于DES组[(0.94±0.76)mm比(0.39±0.53)mm,P<0.001]。靶病变血管重建率DES要明显好于BMS(11.6%比38.5%,P<0.001)。支架内再狭窄在置入DES组的局限性再狭窄比例大于置入BMS组(33.3%比18.2%,P=0.029)。对影响复杂弥漫病变支架再狭窄因素的多元logistic回归分析发现,采用支架重叠置入(OR=2.82,P=0.017)和支架类型(OR=5.71,P<0.001)是对复杂弥漫病变支架内再狭窄影响最大的危险因素。结论我们的研究发现对于复杂弥漫病变的治疗,药物洗脱支架有着良好的治疗效果,较金属裸支架能明显减低再狭窄率。对于弥漫病变,我们应该使用长支架,尽可能减少支架重叠置入的数量。     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者置入药物洗脱支架的疗效评价

目的 评价冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变置入药物洗脱支架后的疗效。方法 选择我院2004年4月至2005年8月连续接受置入药物洗脱支架（DES）或金属裸支架（BMS）治疗并且进行了冠状动脉造影随访的139例的冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者。所有患者在支架术后6个月后接受冠状动脉造影随访。结果共139例患者（男性114例,女性25例）221处病变完成随访。其中C型病变94处（42．5％）,完全闭塞病变42处（19．0％）,平均每个病变支架长度（26．53±14．72）mm,平均参考血管直径（2．80±0．43）mm。两组患者在性别比例和年龄方面差异无统计学意义。两组在冠心病的危险因素如：高血压病、高脂血症、吸烟等方面差异无统计学意义。两组病变的复杂程度基本相当。DES组的参考血管直径比BMS组小[（2．71±0．41）mm比（2．98±0．53）mm,P〈0．001]。6个月后随访,DES组的支架内再狭窄率（10．6％比38．6％,P〈0．001）和病变内晚期腔径丢失[（0．24±0．56）mm比（0．91±0．77）mm,P〈0．001]明显低于BMS组。DES组的靶病变血管重建率显著低于BMS组（8．6％比30．0％,P〈0．001）。DES组有4例晚期支架内血栓。结论 本研究显示药物洗脱支架对于冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变的介入治疗有着良好的治疗效果,明显优于金属裸支架。     

Rotational atherectomy for fibro‐calcific coronary artery disease in drug eluting stent era: Procedural outcomes and angiographic follow‐up results

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the binary re‐stenosis rates, procedural success, and in hospital outcomes following treatment of fibro‐calcified coronary lesion with rotational atherectomy in drug eluting stent era. Background: Binary restenosis rates have remained high with the use of bare metal stents following rotational atherectomy in calcified lesions. There is limited data available following rotational atherectomy in drug eluting stent era. Methods: We evaluated the procedural and angiographic outcomes following a consecutive series of 516 procedures treated with rotational atherectomy followed by stenting. We compared the results between Rota + Drug eluting stent (DES) and Rota + bare metal stent (BMS) groups. Results: Procedural success was achieved in 97.1% of the lesions with overall low in hospital adverse events (death in 1.1%, Q MI in 1.3%, Non Q MI in 5.3%, and urgent repeat PCI in 0.4%). There was significant reduction in the binary restenosis rates following Rota + DES use as compared to Rota + BMS use (11% vs. 28.1%, P < 0.001; OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.76–5.93) and similar reduction was seen in the target lesion revascularization (10.6% vs. 25%, P = 0.001; OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.53–5.14). We have identified ostial lesions, chronic total occlusion lesions, and use of bare metal stents as independent predictors of restenosis in this group of patients. Conclusions: Rotational atherectomy can be performed with high success rates and low complications, and rotational atherectomy followed by drug eluting stent implantation significantly reduces binary restenosis rates in fibrocalcific lesions as compared to rotational atherectomy and bare metal stents. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Usefulness of high-pressure post-dilatation to optimize deployment of drug-eluting stents for the treatment of diffuse in-stent coronary restenosis

Drug-eluting stents (DESs) may represent a simple, effective treatment for in-stent restenosis (ISR); however, the underexpansion of stents is a significant cause of target vessel failure. It was hypothesized that high-pressure postdilatation would be necessary to optimize DES expansion and minimize the risk for restenosis when treating patients with ISR. Fifteen patients with diffuse ISR were treated by predilatation (including cutting balloons), DES deployment, and high-pressure postdilatation, with the measurement of luminal and stent dimensions by intravascular ultrasound after each intervention. After initial deployment, DES underexpansion was present in 10 of 15 patients (66%); after high-pressure postdilatation, there was a significant increase in luminal dimensions, including minimum luminal area (4.3 +/- 0.3 to 5.6 +/- 0.4 mm(2), p <0.001) and a doubling in the proportion of patients with optimal stent expansion. At long-term follow-up (median 11 months), target lesion revascularization occurred in 1 patient (7%) because of edge restenosis; there was no restenosis within the DES.     

Drug-eluting stent restenosis the pattern predicts the outcome.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine if the angiographic pattern of in-stent restenosis in drug-eluting stents (DES) maintains its prognostic importance. BACKGROUND: The pattern of restenosis in the bare-metal stent era had a significant impact on therapeutic outcomes. METHODS: We identified a total of 250 consecutive restenotic lesions in 203 patients (66.4% sirolimus-eluting stents and 33.6% paclitaxel-eluting stents). We divided these lesions into two groups: focal, defined as < or =10 mm, 163 lesions (65.2%); and nonfocal, which were diffuse, proliferative, or obstructive, 87 lesions (34.8%). The end points analyzed were angiographic restenosis and target lesion revascularization (TLR). RESULTS: Diabetes was the only clinical variable associated with the pattern of restenosis (28.8% focal compared with 52.9% diffuse; p = 0.0001). Angiographic follow-up of the treatment of restenosis was available in 61.2% of the lesions and was similar between the two groups. The rate of angiographic restenosis was 17.8% in the focal group and 51.1% in the nonfocal group (p = 0.0001). The incidence of TLR also increased with the type of restenosis treated (9.8% and 23%, respectively; p = 0.007). An adjusted multivariate analysis revealed that the pattern of restenosis remained associated with both the occurrence of restenosis and TLR (odds ratio [OR] 5.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 23], p = 0.03; and OR 3.61 [95% CI 1.2 to 10.9], p = 0.02; respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Similar to bare-metal stent data, the angiographic pattern of restenosis following DES implantation is prognostically important. Diabetes is a significant predictor of the pattern of restenosis in the DES era.     

Clinical results of drug eluting stents compared to bare metal stents for patients with ST elevation acute myocardial infarction

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical outcomes in patients with ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with drug eluting stents (DES) versus a matched control group of patients with STEMI treated with bare metal stents (BMS). METHODS: This registry included 122 patients with STEMI undergoing primary coronary angioplasty with DES implantation at our institution. The control group consisted of 506 patients implanted with BMS, who were matched for age, infarct location, and diabetic status. The incidences of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including target vessel/lesion revascularization (TVR/TLR) and stent thrombosis were assessed up to 12 months. RESULTS: Twelve months follow up showed a non-significant trend towards reduced deaths (3.3% versus 7.1%, P=0.1), significantly reduced recurrent MI (0.0% versus 6.1%, P=0.02), TVR (5.7% versus 15.2%, P=0.006) and TLR (2.5% versus 14.0%, P=0.004) events in the DES group as compared to BMS group. The composite incidences of MACE at 12 months follow-up was lower in the DES group (11.5%) as compared to the BMS group (21.3%, P=0.01). CONCLUSION: According to our experiences, the use of DES in STEMI is safe and effective as compared to BMS. DES was effective in reducing the incidence of restenosis outcomes and overall adverse cardiac events up to 12 months.