4-{[2-(1H-咪唑基)-1-(4-取代苯基)乙氧基]甲基}苯甲酸类化合物的合成及其抑制血小板聚集的作用

根据咪唑类和吡啶类TXA_2合成酶抑制剂的构效关系和作用机制,设计合成了20个4-{[2-(1H-咪唑基)-1-(4-取代苯基)乙氧基]甲基}苯甲酸类化合物。初步体外药理试验结果表明,所有化合物都有不同程度的抑制TXA_2合成酶能力,从而抑制花生四烯酸(AA)诱导的血小板聚集。化合物15的抑酶活性最强,以IC_(50)值相比,其活性为Dazoxiben的55.6%。并初步探讨了这类化合物的构效关系。     

N-(6,6-二甲基-2-庚烯-4-炔基)-N-甲基-α-取代-1-(4-取代)萘甲胺类的合成及抗真菌活性

根据氮唑类和烯丙胺类抗真菌化合物的构效关系、作用机理。设计合成了30个N-(6,6-二甲基-2-庚烯-4-炔基)-N-甲基-α-取代-1-(4-取代)萘甲胺类化合物。初步体外抑菌试验结果表明,大多数目标化合物对八种试验菌株都有不同程度的抗真菌活性。化合物Ⅰ_1a的真菌活性大致与克霉唑相当,对白念珠菌的活性明显高于naftifine和terbinafine,但对其它七种菌株的活性均不及naftifine和terbinafine;化合物Ⅲ_1a对八种试验菌株的活性均与terbinafine相当。     

(E)-1-芳基-2-咪唑乙酮和(E)-1-芳基-2-苯并咪唑乙酮取代苯腙衍生物的合成及其抗真菌活性

根据抗真菌药物的作用机理和构效关系,本文设计合成了61个(E)-1-芳基-2-咪唑乙酮和(E)-1-芳基-2-苯并咪唑乙酮取代苯腙衍生物,其中57个化合物是未知的。初步抑菌试验结果表明,大多数化合物对深部致病真菌具有不同程度的抑菌作用。当苯环上有2,6-Cl₂,2,4-Cl₂,p-Cl,p-NO₂,p-OCH₃,p-SCH₃取代时,抗真菌活性较强,特别是有p-OCH₃取代的化合物(如:13,29,45)抗真菌活性优于或相似于克霉唑,抗菌谱也较广。     

咪苯嗪酮对TXA2和HHT生成的选择性抑制作用

咪苯嗪酮(CI-914)能抑制大鼠血小板环氧酶和TXA₂合成酶产物HHT的生成,而对脂氧酶产物12-HETE的生成仅高浓度药物才有弱的抑制作用,提示CI-914主要影响花生四烯酸(AA)环氧酶途径,而对脂氧酶途径影响较少。在大鼠血小板和中性白细胞CI-914能抑制TXA₂的生成,同时CI-914还可使白细胞6-keto-PGF_1a和血小板PGE₂的产生量显著增加,提示CI-914在这两种细胞引起了AA的转向合成。上述结果基本证实,CI-914在大鼠中性白细胞和血小板对TXA₂合成酶具有选择性抑制作用。     

R,S-1-(取代苯基)-4-[3-(萘-1-氧基)-2-羟基丙基]哌嗪类化合物的设计、合成及血管舒张活性

设计合成具有血管舒张活性的苯基哌嗪类系列化合物。以naftopidil活性代谢产物为先导化合物，根据已报道的苯基哌嗪类α₁-受体拮抗剂构效关系研究结论对先导化合物进行结构优化，设计并合成一系列新的苯基哌嗪类化合物，确定其结构，并通过测定其对苯肾上腺素引起家兔胸主动脉条收缩的抑制作用评价其血管舒张活性。发现其中5个化合物显示出不同程度的活性，其中化合物16的血管舒张活性较强，其在0.01和1 μmol·L^-1条件下血管收缩抑制率分别达到7.03%和22.72%，化合物16拟采用自发性高血压大鼠降压试验等进行进一步抗高血压活性研究。以上研究提示已报道苯基哌嗪类化合物的构效关系研究结论可适合于naftopidil的结构修饰。     

抗疟药的研究——Ⅲ.2-(取代苯乙烯基)-4-氨基吡啶类的合成

本文报道2-(取代苯乙烯基)-4-(4′-二乙氨基-1′-甲基丁基氨基)-吡啶类的合成。动物筛选的初步结果表明:口服给药6.25mg/kg,化合物Ⅲ₂、Ⅲ₄和Ⅲ₇能完全抑制感染伯氏鼠疟原虫氯喹敏感株(Plalmodium berghei)小白鼠的原虫血症;皮下给药1.8mg/kg,化合物Ⅲ,即能达到完全抑制。     

4-(2-乙酰氧基苯甲酰氨基) 丁酰胺衍生物的设计、合成及初步活性研究

为了寻找新型γ-氨基丁酸 (γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA) 类抗癫痫药物, 以抑制性神经递质γ-氨基丁酸受体 (GABA_R) 为作用靶点, 以GABA为原料设计合成了一类全新结构类型的4-(2-乙酰氧基苯甲酰氨基) 丁酰胺类化合物 (5a～5l), 通过IR、¹H MNR、EI-MS及元素分析确证了目标化合物的结构。初步药理活性评价结果表明, 目标化合物具有良好抗癫痫活性, 值得进一步研究, 在此基础上, 初步讨论了该类化合物的构效关系。     

3(4)溴代和3,4-二烷氧基-5-硝基呋喃衍生物的合成及其抗菌活性

为了探索呋吨类药物的构效关系,本文在已知硝基呋哺类有效药物的3-位或4-位分别引入溴原子和3,4-位引入二烷氧基,进行结构修饰,合成了32个化合物,其中28个为新化合物。经药理试验,发现Ⅰ_2～3,Ⅰ_6～7,Ⅱ_2～8和Ⅲ_1～8有抑菌作用,4-溴代化合物的抑菌活性明显高于3-溴代异构体。     

N-[4-(苯并咪唑-2-硫基)苯基]-N'-烷基胍类衍生物的合成和生物活性

为了寻找对诱生型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase，iNOS)有抑制活性的新型化合物，设计合成了一系列N-［4-(苯并咪唑-2-硫基)苯基］-N′-烷基胍类衍生物(I₁～I₁₂)。以2-巯基苯并咪唑(1)为原料，经缩合和还原得到2-(4-氨基苯硫基)苯并咪唑(3)，再与异硫氰酸苯甲酰酯反应得双取代硫脲(4)，4经水解和S-烷基化得到关键中间体S-乙基-n-［4-(苯并咪唑-2-硫基)苯基］异硫脲氢碘酸盐(6)，6与伯胺或仲胺反应得目标化合物I₁～I₁₂。这些化合物的结构经IR，¹H NMR，MS和元素分析得到确证。初步的iNOS抑制活性测定结果显示，3个化合物(I₁，I₈和I₁₀)的活性强于阳性对照药氨基胍，其中化合物I₁的活性是氨基胍的5.5倍。     

(E)-1-取代芳基-2-(1H-咪唑-1-基)乙酮取代苯腙类化合物抑制血小板聚集的作用

初步的体外药理试验结果表明,所有的32个(E)-1-取代芳基-2-(1H-咪唑-1-基)乙酮取代苯腙类化合物都有不同程度的抑制TXA_2合成酶能力,从而抑制花生四烯酸(AA)诱导的血小板聚集。化合物(11)的抑酶活性最强,以IC_(50)值相比,其活性为Dazoxiben的3.5倍。并初步探讨了这类化合物的构效关系。     

Thromboxane synthetase inhibitors and antihypertensive agents. 4. N-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)alkyl] derivatives of quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones, quinazolin-4(3H)-ones, and 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones

The quinazolinedione, quinazolinone, and 1,2,3-benzotriazinone title compounds were prepared as analogues of N-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)alkyl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-diones which were the subject of a previous report from our laboratories. These compounds were evaluated as thromboxane (TX) synthetase inhibitors and as antihypertensive agents. While each series of compounds had activity both as TX synthetase inhibitors and as antihypertensives, the best compounds were N-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)alkyl]quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H]-diones (V). In general these compounds were all selective enzyme inhibitors at least equipotent with the standard dazoxiben. These compounds were also very active antihypertensive agents as determined in SHR. The SAR is discussed for both types of activity. Compound 20a was further evaluated for TX formation inhibiting properties in several other platelet types both in vitro and ex vivo and is between 100 and 1000 times more potent than dazoxiben.     

Selective thromboxane synthetase inhibitors. 2. 3-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-1-propanoic acid and analogues

The preparation of a series of 3-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indole-1-alkanoic acids is described. Several compounds were found to be more potent thromboxane synthetase inhibitors than the corresponding analogues lacking an acidic substituent. In the cases examined, compounds had no significant activity against PGI2 synthetase or cyclooxygenase, and introduction of the carboxylic acid substituent led to a reduction in activity against adrenal steroid 11 beta-hydroxylase. Compound 21 strongly inhibited thromboxane formation after iv administration to anesthetized rabbits and oral administration to conscious dogs. The compound had a long duration of action, and marked inhibition of thromboxane production was observed 15 h after oral administration of 1 mg/kg to conscious dogs.     

Thromboxane synthetase inhibitors and antihypertensive agents. 1. N-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)alkyl]aryl amides and N-[(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)alkyl]aryl amides

The title compounds were prepared to investigate their potential as thromboxane synthetase inhibitors as well as antihypertensive agents. Imidazoles VIII and triazoles X were prepared to examine the effects of aromatic substitution, chain length, and heterocycle substitution upon biological activity. Imidazoles VIII and triazoles X were thromboxane synthetase inhibitors that did not inhibit prostacyclin formation. The most interesting thromboxane synthetase inhibitors prepared were 4-chloro-, 4-(trifluoromethyl)-, and 4-bromobenzamide derivatives of (1H-imidazol-1-yl)alkylamines with C5-C8 alkyl chains separating the heterocycle from the amide moiety, while the most active antihypertensive agents were 3- or 4-chloro-, -bromo, or -(trifluoromethyl)benzamides with C3 alkyl chains. The best thromboxane synthetase inhibitors in this study were up to 10 times more potent than the standard, dazoxiben (UK 37,248).     

1-{2-[(4-取代苯基)甲氧基]-2-(取代苯基)乙基}-1H-氮唑类化合物的合成及抗真菌活性

根据氮唑类抗真菌化合物的构效关系和作用机理,设计合成了29个1-{2-[(4-取代苯基)甲氧基]-2-(取代苯基)乙基}-1H-氮唑类化合物,其中九个为首次报道。初步体外抑菌试验结果表明,大多数目标化合物对八种试验菌株都有不同程度的抗真菌活性。化合物14对白念珠菌的活性与克霉唑及益康唑相当,对其它七种试验菌株的活性明显强于克霉唑及益康唑。化合物4,12对白念珠菌活性差,对其它七种试验菌株的活性也强于克霉唑和益康唑。化合物5,6和23除对白念珠菌外,对其它七种试验菌株,也有较强活性。     

1-{2-[(4-取代苯基)甲氧基]-2-(取代苯基)乙基}-1H-氮唑类化合物的合成及抗真菌活性

根据氮唑类抗真菌化合物的构效关系和作用机理,设计合成了29个1-{2-[(4-取代苯基)甲氧基]-2-(取代苯基)乙基}-1H-氮唑类化合物,其中九个为首次报道。初步体外抑菌试验结果表明,大多数目标化合物对八种试验菌株都有不同程度的抗真菌活性。化合物14对白念珠菌的活性与克霉唑及益康唑相当,对其它七种试验菌株的活性明显强于克霉唑及益康唑。化合物4,12对白念珠菌活性差,对其它七种试验菌株的活性也强于克霉唑和益康唑。化合物5,6和23除对白念珠菌外,对其它七种试验菌株,也有较强活性。     

6-(4-取代乙酰氨基苯基)-4,5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮类化合物的合成及其对血小板聚集的抑制作用

目的 设计并合成6-(4-取代苯基)-4,5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮类化合物,以期发现作用更强的血小板聚集抑制剂。方法以乙酰苯胺为原料,经酰化反应、傅-克反应、水解反应及水合肼环合反应、氯化反应、烷基化反应等一系列反应合成目标化合物,并参考Bom方法进行体外药理实验。结果共合成6-(4-取代苯基)-4,5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮类化合物11个,均属首次报道,并通过元素分析、^1HNMR、IR确证结构。初步的体外药理实验表明：大部分目标化合物都不同程度地抑制了ADP诱导的新西兰大白兔血小板的聚集。结论11个目标化合物中化合物(8)抑制血小板聚集作用的活性最强,超过对照化合物CCI-17810,化合物(1)、(2)、(4)等也有较强的活性。     

Thromboxane synthase inhibitors. Synthesis and pharmacological activity of (R)-, (S)-, and (+/-)-2,2-dimethyl-6-[2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-[[(4-methoxyphenyl)- methoxy]methyl]ethoxy]hexanoic acids

A series of substituted omega-[2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethoxy]alkanoic acid derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit thromboxane synthase both in vitro and in vivo. Compound 13 was identified as a potent and selective competitive inhibitor of human platelet thromboxane synthase having a Ki value of 9.6 X 10(-8) M. In collagen-treated human whole blood, 13 potentiated levels of 6-keto PGF1 alpha. Enantiospecific syntheses afforded the R and S enantiomers of 13, of which the S enantiomer 13b was the more potent. Compounds 13 and 13b were potent in vivo inhibitors of thromboxane synthase with good oral activity and duration of action.     

Disposition and effect of the new thromboxane synthetase inhibitor 6-(1-imidazolylmethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid in man

The disposition of a new thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, 6-(1-imidazolylmethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid (DP-1904) upon administration of a single 200-mg oral dose to normal Japanese volunteers was studied. DP-1904 proved to be rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and converted to its ester glucuronide, which appeared in plasma within 30 min after dosing. The AUCs of DP-1904 and its ester glucuronide were 7.23 +/- 0.54 and 7.93 +/- 0.86 micrograms.h/ml (mean +/- S.E., n = 5), respectively. Both compounds were also eliminated very rapidly from the body (half-lives greater than 60 min). The primary route of elimination was renal, with 52.1 +/- 2.2 and 37.6 +/- 1.6% of the dose being excreted in the urine as the unchanged form and the glucuronide conjugate within 48 h, respectively. The cumulative fecal excretion rates of DP-1904 up to 48 h after dosing were approximately 0.5%. The main metabolite of DP-1904 in humans was DP-1904 glucuronide. Serum thromboxane (TX) B2 levels were reduced more than 98% within 1 h after dosing. There was still more than 75% suppression of serum TXB2 levels at 12 h after dosing. At 72 h TXB2 concentrations returned to control levels. These data indicate that DP-1904 is a potent and long-acting thromboxane synthetase inhibitor.