重组人白细胞介素-11治疗成人慢性难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜临床观察

目的探讨重组人白细胞介素-11(rhIL-11)治疗成人慢性难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的疗效和不良反应。方法24例成人慢性难治性ITP患者皮下注射rhIL-11,25μg/(kg·d),疗程14d,动态观察血常规,定期复查尿常规,大便常规,肝肾功能,心电图及凝血功能等。结果用药前血小板平均值为(21.0±16.8)×109/L,用药后最高值平均为(115.2±62.8)×109/L,两者比较差异有非常显著性(P≤0.01),综合评价疗效显效54.2%,总有效率100%,4例患者出现轻微不良反应,均在治疗过程中或停药后消失。结论rhIL-11治疗成人慢性难治性ITP具有良好的疗效,且不良反应轻微。     

重组人血小板生成素治疗难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜临床观察

目的 观察重组人血小板生成素(rhTPO)治疗慢性难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的临床疗效及不良反应.方法 24例慢性难治性ITP患者皮下注射rhTPO 300 IU/(kg·d),疗程14 d或血小板＞100×109/L后停药.结果 24例患者rhTPO治疗后,显效12例,有效5例,用药前血小板平均值为(10±5)×109/L,治疗后血小板计数的升高的最高值为(129±97)×109/L,与用药前比较差异有统计学意义(t=5.822,P＜0.01).多数患者对药物耐受良好.结论 rhTPO治疗慢性难治性ITP具有良好的疗效,不良反应轻微. Abstract： Objective To observe the efficacy and toxicity of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO)in the treatment of chronic refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP).Methods Twenty- four patients with chronic ITP were administered with rhTPO subcutaneously at 300 IU/(kg · d)for 14 days or until the platelet count ＞ 100 × 109/L.Results Out of 24 patients with ITP, 12 cases showed significant response and 5 cases showed good response to the treatment with rhTPO.The peak platelet count after treatment was(129 ± 97)× 109/L, significantly higher than the mean platelet count [(10 ±5)× 109/L]before treatment(t = 5.822, P ＜0.01).The agent was well tolerated in most patients.Conclusions rhTPO exerts satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of chronic ITP with mild side effects.     

重组人血小板生成素治疗特发性和血液肿瘤化疗后血小板减少症的Ⅲ期临床研究

目的 评估重组人血小板生成素(rhTPO)治疗特发性和化疗后血小板减少的临床安全性和有效性. 方法 ①病例分组4例非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)患者入选随机交叉对照组,6例巩固治疗期急性白血病患者入选非随机自身对照组;难治性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)组入选9例患者;②用药方法rhTPO 1 μg/kg,皮下注射,每日1次,疗程14 d;③统计分析病例资料采用SPSS软件统计分析. 结果 ①血液肿瘤组试验组rhTPO治疗后血小板数均值、最高值皆大于对照,两周期血小板数用药前后差值相差显著(P＜0.05),试验组血小板数低于50×109/L的持续日数、恢复至75×109/L和100×109/L以上需要日数均有不同程度缩短;②难治性ITP组rhTPO治疗后患者血小板数均值渐升高,至17 d达101×109/L;用药前后血小板差值为85.67×109/L,其中血小板数达30×109/L, 50×109/L及100×109/L所需日数分别为9.89, 13.56及19.78 d. 结论 rhTPO对部分难治性ITP及血液肿瘤化疗所致的血小板减少有一定疗效,且无明显毒副作用.     

白细胞介素-Ⅱ巨和粒治疗化疗后血小板减少的临床研究

目的:观察重组人白细胞介素-11(IL-Ⅱ)治疗恶性肿瘤化疗后血小板减少患者的疗效和不良反应。方法:选择住院化疗后出现血小板下降的111例次恶性肿瘤患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组。两组患者血小板<80×109/L开始用药。治疗组给予IL-Ⅱ治疗,1.5 mg皮下注射,1次/d。对照组给予氨肽素治疗,1.0口服,3次/d。两组患者血小板≥80×109/L后停药。结果:治疗组和对照组血小板恢复至80×109/L的时间和用药后第7天,第14天血小板值分别为(8.641±2.767)d、(84.191±33.083)×109/L、(136.047±53.853)×109/L和(11.155±4.576)d、(68.957±14.621)×109/L、(98.367±31.870)×109/L。两组差异经T检验有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗组少数患者有I-II度不良反应,包括:头晕、乏力、肌肉酸痛、发热、双下肢水肿。结论:IL-Ⅱ治疗恶性肿瘤化疗后血小板减少有效、安全、耐受性好。     

重组人白细胞介素-Ⅱ治疗恶性肿瘤化疗后血小板降低64例疗效观察

目的观察重组人白细胞介素-Ⅱ(rhIL-Ⅱ)治疗化疗引起的血小板降低的疗效和不良反应.方法采用随机数学表法将64例化疗后血小板＜55×109L-1恶性肿瘤患者分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组采用rhIL-Ⅱ 50ug/(kg·d),对照组主要采用对症治疗.结果治疗组血小板下降最低值[(12.69±7.23)×109L-1]与对照组[(11.89±8.08)×109L-1]比较,差异有统计学意义,t=2.68,P=0.01;治疗组血小板降低持续时间(7.79±3.08d)少于对照组(9.23±2.06d),t=2.73,p=0.01,治疗组不良反应以注射部位疼痛、皮疹、关节肌肉疼痛、头痛、头昏、乏力、心悸、心律失常为主,主要为Ⅰ-Ⅱ度.结论rhIL-Ⅱ能刺激血小板增生,有效地治疗化疗引起的血小板下降,不良反应轻微,耐受性好.     

重组人血小板生成素治疗原发免疫性血小板减少症的临床观察

目的观察重组人血小板生成素（rhTPO）治疗原发免疫性血小板减少症（ITP）的临床疗效及不良反应,并观察骨髓巨核细胞数与疗效的关系。方法 18例慢性难治性ITP患者皮下注射rhTPO 300 u/kg.d^-1,疗程14 d或血小板〉100×109/L后停药,动态观察患者血常规,定期监测肝、肾功能及凝血功能,并分析治疗有效患者骨髓巨核细胞数与血小板上升数值之间的相关性。结果 18例患者rhTPO治疗后,完全反应（CR）7例,有效（R）8例,无效（NR）3例。用药前血小板平均值为10±5.4×10^9/L,治疗后血小板计数平均最高值为116.4±82×10^9/L,与用药前比较差异有统计学意义（t=4.82,P〈0.01）。多数患者对药物耐受良好。rhTPO治疗有效患者骨髓巨核细胞数与血小板上升数值呈正相关（r=0.582,P=0.003）。结论 rhTPO治疗慢性难治性ITP具有良好的疗效,不良反应轻微,骨髓巨核细胞数越多的患者疗效越显著。     

重组人血小板生成素治疗慢性难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床研究

目的　评价国产重组人血小板生成素 (rhTPO)治疗慢性难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)的疗效及不良反应。方法　采用开放试验。 30例慢性难治性ITP患者皮下注射rhTPO 1 0mg/kg ,疗程 14d或给药至血小板计数比给药前增高≥ 5 0× 10 9/L。动态观察全血细胞计数 ,定期复查尿常规、大便常规、肝肾功能、心电图、血小板形态及凝血功能检查。结果　用药前血小板平均值为 (19 0± 13 1)× 10 9/L ,用药后最高值为 (16 0 8± 115 6 )× 10 9/L ,二者比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ,升高达最高值的时间为 (17 8± 6 5 )d。rhTPO治疗前后WBC、血红蛋白、肝功能、肾功能、心电图、血小板聚集功能及凝血功能 (PT、APTT、纤维蛋白原 )均无显著性差异 (均P >0 0 5 )。仅 1例出现头痛、血压升高 ,但停药后可自行消失 ,未见其它不良反应。结论　国产rhTPO治疗慢性难治性ITP具有良好的疗效 ,不良反应轻微 ,具有良好的临床应用前景。     

重组人白细胞介素-11治疗化疗后血小板减少疗效观察

目的:观察重组人白细胞介素11(rhIL11)治疗实体瘤和急性白血病(AL)患者化疗后血小板减少的疗效及安全性。方法:实体瘤患者25例、AL患者20例,于化疗结束后BPC≤30×109/L时予rhIL1150μg/(kg·d)皮下注射,连用7～14天或BPC升高至≥60×109/L时停药,用药期间隔天查血常规1次,观察外周血BPC变化、皮肤出血情况及rhIL11应用的不良反应。以同期未用rhIL11治疗的15例实体瘤和10例AL患者作对照。结果:治疗组用药后1周和2周,BPC在实体瘤患者分别为(67.68±9.3)×109/L、(86.55±12.76)×109/L;在AL患者分别为(69.83±7.68)×109/L、(87.17±8.66)×109/L。治疗组较对照组BPC恢复时间缩短(P<0.05)。常见不良反应为轻度乏力、肌肉疼痛。3例出现短暂房性心律失常,减量或停药后消失。结论:rhIL11治疗实体瘤和AL患者化疗后引起的血小板减少安全有效,可使BPC恢复加快,并有效缓解出血症状。     

长春地辛治疗难治性免疫性血小板减少性紫癜8例临床疗效观察

目的 观察长春地辛治疗难治性免疫性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的治疗效果和安全性.方法 对8例难治性ITP的患者进行每周1次持续静脉滴注长春地辛治疗,随访记录治疗后患者临床出血症状及血小板计数,并观察有无不良反应发生.结果 治疗后血小板升至100×109/L、无出血症状3例,治疗后血小板升至30 x 109/L或至少比基础血小板计数增加2倍、无出血症状5例,无1例出现并发症.结论 长春地辛治疗难治性ITP疗效满意,不良反应小,花费低.     

重组人白介素-11在急性重型再障促血小板生成作用的临床观察

目的观察重组人白介素-11(rhIL-11)治疗急性重型再障的促血小板增殖作用及不良反应,评价其临床疗效和安全性。方法急性重型再障27例,除给予基础治疗和细胞因子(G-CSF、EPO)外,其中10例采用ATG+CSA/FK506联合免疫抑制方案治疗,分别在疗程的第5-47d起应用小剂量rhIL-11(20-25μg/kg·d-1),观察血小板计数、骨髓象变化和不良反应发生情况。并与仅采用ATG+CSA+细胞因子治疗组(n=15)进行疗效比较。结果与对照组相比,rhIL-11组血小板恢复正常、骨髓获得缓解的时间明显缩短,PLT>20×109/L的平均时间为40.8±22.9d,PLT>100×109/L的平均时间为71.4±26.4d。人均输注血小板的次数显著减少。结论在应用ATG为主的联合免疫抑制方案治疗重型再障的基础上,rhIL-11与其他造血因子有协同作用,能增加缓解率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.