宣发膜原法对关节炎大鼠和小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的：探讨宣发膜原法对关节炎动物免疫功能的影响;方法：以Ⅱ型胶原免疫所致关节炎（ＣＩＡ）作为动物模型,观察宣发膜原法对关节炎大体发病情况的影响,以ＥＬＩＳＡ 法检测抗Ⅱ型胶原抗体、ＩｇＭ 型类风湿因子、γ－干扰素（ＩＦＮ－γ）和白细胞介素１０（ＩＬ－１０）的变化。结果：宣发膜原法能显著降低ＣＩＡ 的发病率,并能推迟其发病时间,使抗Ⅱ型胶原抗体ＩｇＧ及其亚型下降,显著降低关节炎动物ＩＦＮ－ｒ水平而使ＩＬ－１０的产生增加,尚可提高关节炎小鼠血清ＩｇＭ 型类风湿因子水平。结论：宣发膜原法主要抑制机体对Ⅱ型胶原的体液免疫反应,同时具有免疫调节作用。     

宣发膜原法对胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的：探讨宣发膜原法对Ⅱ型胶原诱导性关节炎（CIA）的治疗机理，为研究类风湿关节炎（RA）的发病和损伤机理提供实验依据。方法：以CIA作为RA的动物模型，给以宣发膜原方治疗，检测CIA大鼠免疫指标和病理变化。结果：治疗组大鼠病理损伤减轻，TNF-α降低，IFN-γ升高，抗CⅡ抗体降低。结论：宣发膜原法能够减轻CIA病理损伤，调节CIA大鼠免疫功能，可以用于RA治疗。     

独活寄生汤对小鼠胶原性关节炎治疗作用的研究

采用与类风湿性关节炎特征相似的小鼠遥原诱导性关节炎模型,观察了独活寄生汤对模型小鼠关节炎发病率、关节炎指数、抗Ⅱ型胶原（ＣⅡ）抗体水平的影响,并检测了胶原免疫小鼠脾脏白介素－１β（ＩＬ－１β）和γ－干扰素（ＩＦＮ－γ）的水平。结果显示：独活寄生汤灌胃治疗,不能明显抑制小鼠ＣＩＡ的发生,但能显著降低关节炎指数和抗ＣＩＩ抗体水平。同时该方抑制模型小鼠内源性ＩＬ－１β的产生、提高ＩＦＮ－γ水平,说明独活     

宣发膜原方对胶原免疫性关节炎大鼠关节滑膜细胞超微结构的影响

目的：探讨宣发膜原方对胶原免疫性关节炎（CIA）的治疗机理，为研究类风湿性关节炎（RA）的发病和损伤机理提供实验依据。方法：以CIA作为RA的动物模型，以达原饮加减方作为宣发膜原法代表方，检测CIA大鼠踝关节病理改变及膝关节滑膜组织超微结构的变化。结果：宣发膜原方可以有效地减轻CIA大鼠病理损伤，提高滑膜细胞中B型滑膜细胞的比例，减少滑膜细胞中的高尔基体、粗面内质网等细胞器。结论：宣发膜原方能够减轻CIA病理损伤，改善滑膜细胞超微结构。     

Ⅱ型胶原免疫诱导动物关节炎痹证动物的体液免疫特征

目的：探索Ⅱ型胶原免疫所致关节炎痹证动物的体液免疫反应特征。方法：用Ⅱ型胶原免疫ＤＡ大鼠和ＤＢＡ小鼠,运用关节炎记分和ＥＬＩＳＡ方法,对不同年龄动物的免疫反应特点、免疫后不同时间的免疫反应特征进行了观察。结果：不同年龄的ＤＡ大鼠对ＣⅡ免疫后的抗体反应存在着一定的差异。大鼠在免疫后１１ｄ,其血清就可检测出抗ＣⅡ抗体,至免疫后３０ｄ达到高峰。大鼠关节炎发病程度与抗ＣⅡ ＩｇＧ和ＩｇＭ无关,但与抗ＣＩＸ     

性腺功能异常型肾虚痹证发生机理的实验研究

以Ⅱ型胶腺免疫注射制作实验性痹证模型，复加雄鼠雌激素应用法和雌鼠久巢切除法所致肾虚，以观察肾虚痹证的发生机理。实验结果提示：卵巢切除法所致肾虚加重了Ⅱ型胶原诱发的关节炎（CIA）动物的病情，可能是CIA痹证发病的重要内因；而雌激素应用所致雄鼠肾虚状态减轻了CIA动物的关节病理改变，提示此种肾虚在CIA痹证中起着次要的作用。     

从伏邪致痹理论探讨宣发膜原治疗类风湿关节炎的机制

类风湿关节炎属于中医学"痹证"范畴。痹证包括现代医学多种风湿免疫性疾病,如类风湿关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、痛风等。文章浅析伏邪理论,从伏邪致痹角度对类风湿关节炎的发病机制进行了初步的探讨,提出宣发膜原法治疗类风湿关节炎的思路。     

芎附散对脾虚痹证(类风湿性关节炎)模型的影响

目的观察芎附散对脾虚基础上诱发痹证(类风湿性关节炎)小鼠模型的影响。方法选择DBA小鼠,胶原诱导性关节炎(CIA)作为痹证模型,以大黄泻下加饥饱失常造成脾虚模型,在此基础上加以型胶原(C)诱发脾虚痹证(类风湿性关节炎)的模型,用芎附散及雷公藤多苷进行治疗。观察小鼠体重、关节肿胀程度及病理学改变,用酶联免疫吸附法测定各组小鼠血清中抗C抗体、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)含量的变化。结果痹证组、脾虚痹证组动物体重减轻,关节肿胀加剧,膝、踝关节病理学改变明显,INF-α及IFN-γ含量增高,血清中抗C抗体含量升高,以脾虚痹证组明显,与痹证组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),芎附散能显著减轻上述改变。结论该模型是研究痹证(类风湿性关节炎)机制较理想的动物模型之一,芎附散对该模型有明显的治疗作用。     

实验性脾虚痹证的黏膜免疫学机制研究

目的：从黏膜免疫及炎症相关细胞因子的角度探讨脾虚痹证的发病机理。方法：选用Ⅱ型胶原诱导的小鼠关节炎(CIA)作为痹证模型；复合大黄泻下加饥饱失常造成实验动物脾虚；以酶联免疫吸附法测定小鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6、干扰素-7、白细胞介素-10等细胞因子含量，以免疫组织化学方法测定小肠组织中CD4、CD8、分泌型IgA含量，并对肠道集合淋巴结(PEYER’S PATCH，PP结)计数。结果：脾虚组、脾虚痹证组肠道PP结数量明显减少，CIA组变化不明显。CIA组及脾虚痹证组血清中TNF-α、IL-6含量显著升高，CIA组及脾虚痹证组血清中IFN-γ含量显著升高；与空白对照组比较，CIA组、脾虚痹证组CD4、CD8阳性细胞均明显减少，而以脾虚痹证组CD8阳性细胞减少更为明显；正常组、CIA组SIgA阳性细胞较多，脾虚组、辟虚痹证组则明显减少。结论：脾虚时可能是通过下调机体黏膜免疫功能，相对上调全身免疫应答而加重CIA发病。     

卵巢切除所致肾虎对免疫性关节炎小鼠血清骨钙素和肿瘤坏 …

目的：探讨卵巢切除所致肾虚影响免疫性关节炎（痹证）中骨代谢的机制。方法：切除小鼠卵巢后,Ⅱ型胶原皮下注射以诱导关节炎（ＣＩＡ）;每周１次观察小鼠的关节肿胀程度;组织切片光镜下观察小鼠滑膜、关节软骨及骨的改变;放射免疫法检测小鼠血清雌二醇、骨钙素、肿瘤坏死因子的变化。结果：切除卵巢的小鼠,血中雌二醇水平明显下降,而血清骨钙素和肿瘤坏死因子的含量则显著增加;同时,滑膜组织炎症加重,软骨损伤及破坏均更为     

白芍总苷对大鼠胶原性关节炎及其免疫功能的影响

 目的研究白芍总苷(TGP)对大鼠胶原性关节炎(CIA)及其免疫功能的影响。方法采用鸡Ⅱ型胶原诱导大鼠CIA模型,关节评分法检测关节炎发生情况,ELSIA法检测大鼠血清中抗CⅡ抗体的水平,MTT法检测T细胞和B细胞增殖反应,IL-1、IL-2活性的测定采用小鼠淋巴细胞增殖法。结果大鼠于致炎后第14天开始出现多发性关节炎症状,体重减轻,血清中抗CⅡ抗体水平升高,TGPig给药,连续14d,能够明显抑制CIA大鼠的AI,促进大鼠体重的恢复,降低血清中抗CⅡ抗体水平。进一步研究表明,TGP体内、外给药均能抑制CIA大鼠增高的T、B淋巴细胞增殖反应,还能显著降低刀豆蛋白A(ConA)诱导的CIA大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生IL-2的能力以及脂多糖(LPS)诱导的腹腔巨噬细胞产生IL-1的能力。结论TGP对CIA大鼠具有治疗作用,其机制可能与其调节CIA大鼠异常的免疫功能,平衡细胞因子的产生有关。     

红曲起源新考

目的:考证中药红曲的起源。方法:查阅文献并整理考证。结果:唐.徐坚《初学记》是一部类书,抄录东汉王粲的诗赋“七释”的内容应属可信。红曲之名最早出现在东汉应无怀疑。结论:红曲至少起源于汉代。     

Immune activation and radioprotection by propolis

In this study, we focused on immune stimulation by Propolis, and examined changes in the effect of irradiation after Propolis administration. We also examined the radioprotective effect of Propolis by observing its effect on the immune system. The effect of immune activation by Propolis was investigated by measuring the total immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM. The radioprotective effect of immune activation by Propolis was investigated by measuring the T-lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of mice following whole body irradiation. Compared with the control group, the IgG was significantly reduced in the Propolis group, indicating that Propolis suppressed IgG production. ELISA revealed that the amount of IgM in mouse serum was significantly higher in the Propolis group as compared with the control group, indicating that Propolis increased IgM production. The number of CD4-positive cells was increased only in the Propolis group. Likewise, the number of CD4-positive cells increased by 81% in the Propolis with irradiation group compared with the irradiation group alone. Compared with the control group, the Propolis group increased CD8-positive cells. Compared with the irradiation alone group, CD8-positive cells were decreased by Propolis with irradiation group. Propolis activated macrophages to stimulate interferon (IFN)-gamma production in association with the secondary activation of T-lymphocytes, resulting in a decrease in IgG and IgM production. Cytokines released from macrophages in mouse peripheral blood after Propolis administration activated helper T-cells to proliferate. In addition, activated macrophages in association with the secondary T-lymphocyte activation increased IFN-gamma production and stimulated proliferation of cytotoxic T-cells and suppressor T-cells, indicating the activation of cell-mediated immune responses.     

糖肾Ⅱ号胶囊合并西药治疗非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病伴微白蛋白尿的临床观察

目的：中西医结合从阏论治糖尿病性心脏植物神经病变。方法：共收治明确诊断为糖尿病性心脏植物神经病变的患者６０例，近随机原则分为２组各３０例；治疗组在采用西医药有效控制知糖水平的基础上，加用具有益气养阴、活血化阏散结功效的糖心神中药方治疗；对照组则采用单纯西医药治疗，两组均治疗３上月。结果：治疗组有效率７３．３％，对照组有效率３３．３％，经ｘ＾２检验，Ｐ〈０．００５。结论：对于糖尿病性心脏植物神经病变     

人参皂苷Rg1对BALB/c小鼠免疫调节作用的实验研究

目的:研究人参皂苷Rg1对BALB/c小鼠免疫调节作用的影响。方法:采用6-8周雌性BALB/c小鼠共30只随机分成6组,分别是生理盐水(normal saline,NS)组、人参皂甙Rg1组、铝盐(aluminum hydroxide,Al)组、卵清白蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)组、OVA+Al组和OVA+Rg1组,每组5只。颈部皮下接种,免疫3次。结果:OVA+Rg1组与OVA组相比,总IgG、IgG1、IgG2a、IgG2b和γ-干扰素(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)分泌水平增高,淋巴细胞增殖能力增强(P<0.05)。结论:人参皂甙Rg1引起混合性Th1/Th2平衡免疫反应细胞,从而增强小鼠对卵清蛋白的特异性免疫应答。     

Bacopa monniera (L.) wettst inhibits type ii collagen‐induced arthritis in rats

Bacopa monniera (L.) Wettst is an Ayurvedic herb with antirheumatic potential. This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of Bacopa monniera in treating rheumatoid arthritis using a type II collagen‐induced arthritis rat model. Arthritis was induced in male Wistar rats by immunization with bovine type II collagen in complete Freund's adjuvant. Bacopa monniera extract (BME) was administered after the development of arthritis from day 14 onwards. The total duration of experiment was 60 days. Paw swelling, arthritic index, inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, myeloperoxidase and serum anti‐collagen IgG and IgM levels were analysed in control and experimental rats. Arthritic induction significantly increased paw edema and other classical signs of arthritis coupled to upregulation of inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, neutrophil infiltration and increased anti‐collagen IgM and IgG levels in serum. BME significantly inhibited the footpad swelling and arthritic symptoms. BME was effective in inhibiting cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities in arthritic rats. Decreased neutrophil infiltration was evident from decreased myeloperoxidase activity and histopathological data where an improvement in joint architecture was also observed. Serum anti‐collagen IgM and IgG levels were consistently decreased. Thus the study demonstrates the potential antiarthritic effect of Bacopa monniera for treating arthritis which might confer its antirheumatic activity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

艾灸抗炎免疫作用的实验观察与分析

本实验建立大鼠佐剂性关节炎动物模型,观察艾克“肾俞”穴区的抗炎免疫作用。结果显示：灸疗能减轻局部炎症反应,消退足跖肿胀,使跖围减小;能预防或减轻多发性关节炎,维持体重,缩短病程。免疫功能观察表明,艾灸能恢复和促进ConA诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应,促进IL－2的产生,降低IL－1的含量。以上指标与对照组比较均有非常显著差异。实验表明,艾灸有直接的抗炎消肿作用,并通过提高免疫应答水平,催化、激活和调整免疫功能,增强机体的抗炎免疫能力,起到抗炎免疫和抗变态反应的作用。     

桂枝汤对痹证（胶原诱导免疫性关节炎）小鼠肠黏膜免疫系统中CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞及SIgA的影响

目的 观察桂枝汤对痹证(胶原诱导免疫性关节炎)小鼠肠黏膜免疫学指标的影响。方法 将80只雄性DBA小鼠随机分为4组[即正常组、模型组、桂枝汤高剂量组(简称桂高组)、桂枝汤低剂量组(简称桂低组)]。模型组采用Ⅱ型胶原诱导性关节炎作为痹证模型,运用免疫组织化学染色法标记小鼠小肠及PP结中CD4^+、CD8^+T淋巴细胞及SIgA数量,用图像分析仪进行统计计算其含量。结果与正常组比较,模型组Ⅱ型胶原免疫后小鼠肠黏膜免疫系统中CD4^+、CD8^+T淋巴细胞及SIgA数量明显减少,差异有显著性(P<0．05或P<0．01),应用桂枝汤(高、低剂量)后,CD4^+T淋巴细胞及SIgA数量明显升高,但只有桂高组与模型组比较差异有显著性(P<0．05或P<0．01)。结论桂枝汤可以增强痹证小鼠肠道黏膜免疫功能,从而可能诱导免疫耐受和免疫抑制。     

Restoration of the immune functions in aged mice by supplementation with a new herbal composition, HemoHIM

The effect of a new herbal composition, HemoHIM, on immune functions was examined in aged mice, in which various immune responses had been impaired. The composition HemoHIM was prepared by adding the ethanol-insoluble fraction to the total water extract of a mixture of three edible herbs, Angelica Radix, Cnidium Rhizoma and Paeonia Radix. Supplementation to the aged mice with HemoHIM restored the proliferative response and cytokine production of splenocytes with a response to ConA. Also, HemoHIM recovered the NK cell activity which had been impaired in the aged mice. Meanwhile aging is known to reduce the Th1-like function, but not the Th2-like function, resulting in a Th1/Th2 imbalance. HemoHIM restored the Th1/Th2 balance in the aged mice through enhanced IFN-gamma and IgG2a production, and conversely a reduced IL-4 and IgG1 production. It was found that one factor for the Th1/Th2 imbalance in the aged mice was a lower production of IL-12p70. However, HemoHIM restored the IL-12p70 production in the aged mice. These results suggested that HemoHIM was effective for the restoration of impaired immune functions of the aged mice and therefore could be a good recommendation for immune restoration in elderly humans.     

智灵汤治疗老年血管性痴呆临床研究

观察智灵汤治疗老年血管性痴呆的临床疗疚。方法７８例老年ＶａＤ患者随机分为治疗组与对照组。治疗组采用自拟验方智灵汤治疗，对照组给以脑复康治疗。