超声乳化联合玻璃体切割术相关因素分析

目的 探讨超声乳化联合玻璃体切割手术治疗的临床效果。方法回顾性分析18例（25眼）行白内障超声乳化联合玻璃体切割术治疗白内障合并玻璃体视网膜病变患者的临床资料,对其术后视力、手术后并发症、原发眼底病类型进行相关分析。结果 术后随访3～24个月,25眼中18眼（72.0%）视力提高,视力>0.05者占68%（17/25）,其中>0.2者占32%（8/25）。2眼术后因玻璃体再次出血再次行玻璃体视网膜手术,无一例发生视网膜脱离复发。术后早期常见并发症为角膜水肿、前房反应、一过性高眼压,较少见的并发症是葡萄膜炎、黄斑水肿,晚期并发症为后囊膜混浊。糖尿病视网膜病变组术后并发症高于其他组。结论 白内障超声乳化联合玻璃体切割治疗白内障合并玻璃体视网膜病变安全有效,有利于术中基底部玻璃体彻底切除和后段手术操作的顺利进行,有利于术后视力快速恢复。     

儿童先天性白内障不同术式后发性白内障的临床研究

目的探讨预防儿童后发性白内障的手术方式。方法回顾性研究先天性白内障患儿50例69眼,按不同手术方式(超声乳化晶状体吸出术、超声乳化晶状体吸出联合后囊膜连续环形撕囊术及超声乳化晶状体吸出联合后囊膜连续环形撕囊及前部玻璃体切割术)分为3组,术后随访3～48个月,对各组术眼进行眼底镜、裂隙灯检查。结果三个组术眼晶状体后囊膜周边部均可见残留的LECs形成半透明的球形Elschnig珍珠小体;三组中央视区后发性白内障发生率分别是:Ⅰ组43.48%,Ⅱ组17.39%,Ⅲ组0%;Ⅲ组多数术眼中央视区清亮。结论儿童先天障摘出术中,行后囊连续环形撕囊 前部玻璃体切割术可有效地预防儿童中央视区后发性白内障的发生。     

晶体后囊膜维持玻璃体切除后替代物的稳定作用分析

目的：探寻完整的晶体后囊膜维持玻璃体切除术后眼内替代物的稳定性作用,从而减少术后并发症,规范术式。方法：对玻璃体切割联合或不联合晶体摘除,均做完整晶体后囊膜屏障的保留,保持眼球正常生态,稳固眼内填充物。结果：本组行玻璃体切除126只眼,眼内填充物为硅油的75只眼,BSS液的51只眼。联合超声乳化白内障摘除117只眼,透明晶体9只眼;完整留有晶体后囊膜的119只眼,破裂的7只眼。回顾性分析显示硅油填充组后囊膜完整者较破裂者发生角膜混浊、角膜失代偿、前葡萄膜炎、继发性青光眼、并发性白内障、硅油乳化时间等并发症比率均低。BSS液替代组并发症少。结论：玻璃体切割眼内硅油填充复位视网膜脱离,完整的晶体后囊膜屏障可限制硅油的游动性,减轻病人持续性强迫俯卧位的痛苦,减少术后并发症。     

后囊膜连续环形撕囊术联合前段玻璃体切除术治疗儿童先天性白内障

目的:探讨和评价后囊膜连续环形撕囊术联合前段玻璃体切除术治疗儿童先天性白内障,预防后囊膜混浊的临床疗效.方法:30例(56眼)先天性白内障的患儿中采用白内障超声乳化吸出及行后囊膜连续环形撕囊术的14例26眼(PCCC组),白内障超声乳化吸出、后囊膜连续环形撕囊联合前段玻璃体切除术的16 例30眼(玻切组).≥2岁的患儿施行一期人工晶状体植入.术后随访12～36个月,观察术后视力、并发症及眼部情况.结果:治疗后两组患儿视力有改善征象,视力提高.PCCC组与玻切组后发性白内障的发生率分别为46.15%(12/26)和 16.67%(5/30),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:后囊膜连续环形撕囊术联合前段玻璃体切除术较后囊膜连续环形撕囊术能更有效减少儿童先天性白内障术后后发性白内障的发生.     

白内障超声乳化联合玻璃体切割术相关因素分析

目的 探讨白内障超声乳化联合玻璃体切割手术治疗的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析18例(25眼)行白内障超声乳化联合玻璃体切割术治疗白内障合并玻璃体视网膜病变患者的临床资料,对其术后视力、手术后并发症、原发眼底病类型进行相关分析.结果 术后随访3～24个月,25眼中18眼(72.0%)视力提高,视力>0.05者占68.0%(...     

需行玻璃体切割联合硅油植入的中老年患者白内障手术时机的选择

目的探讨需行玻璃体切割联合硅油植入的中老年患者白内障手术时机的选择。方法将40例（40眼）需行玻璃体切割联合硅油填充手术并存在白内障的患者分为观察组及对照组,各20例。观察组在行玻璃体切割硅油植入的同时行白内障手术,3～6个月后行硅油取出时行人工晶体植入术;对照组先行玻璃体切割硅油植入术,3～6个月后行硅油取出时行白内障手术。结果两组第1次手术后,观察组可以获得更好的视力;2次术后两组视力无明显差别。两组高眼压发生率、角膜内皮的丢失率及并发症发生率差异均无统计学意义（〉0.05）。结论有白内障的患者行玻璃体切割联合硅油填充同时行白内障手术可获得较大的收益。     

玻璃体切割联合超声乳化术在增生性糖尿病视网膜病变中的应用评价

目的 评价运用玻璃体切割联合超声乳化术对增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)进行临床治疗的效果.方法 方便选取2013年8月-2015年8月收治的156例168只眼PDR患者,根据手术治疗方法的不同分为观察组(78例84眼)和对照组(78例84眼)两组.观察组行玻璃体切除联合超声乳化吸除术,对照组则行玻璃体切割联合晶状体切除术.随访12个月,观察并记录两组患者疗效﹑ 视力恢复情况﹑ 术后并发症等.结果 观察组对PDR的总有效率达79.76%,较对照组的65.48%有明显提高(P<0.05);两组患者手术后视力提升眼数分别占60.71%和42.86%,视力均值分别为(0.58±0.25)﹑(0.47±0.18),观察组均显著更优(P<0.05);术后并发症均经对症治疗得以恢复.结论 玻璃体切除联合超声乳化术治疗PDR效果明显且对视力改善效果佳,值得临床广泛应用.     

联合手术治疗外伤性白内障

目的采用晶状体摘除和前玻璃体切割联合后房型人工晶体植入术治疗外伤性白内障.方法 28例(28眼)因眼外伤致外伤性白内障合并眼前段复杂并发症的患者,均行晶状体摘除和前玻璃体切割联合后房型人工晶体植入术,其中4眼同时行后囊膜切除术.术后随访2 ～ 25月,观察视力恢复情况.结果术后矫正视力≥0.5者,11眼,占39.29%;视力0.1 ～ 0.4者,14眼,占50%;视力<0.1者,3眼,占10.71%.结论一次完成晶状体摘除、前部玻璃体切割和后房型人工晶体植入的联合手术是安全可行的,适应证的选择和熟练的操作技术是手术成功的关键.角膜瘢痕和散光是影响术后视力提高的主要因素.     

玻璃体视网膜病变合并白内障的联合手术治疗

目的:探讨白内障超声乳化联合玻璃体手术治疗玻璃体视网膜病变合并白内障的临床效果以及常见并发症。方法:选择本院眼科2009年8月-2010年8月玻璃体视网膜病变合并白内障患者12例(15眼),行白内障超声乳化摘除联合玻璃体手术。术后随访3~12个月(平均6个月),对术后视力、术后并发症及其眼底病类型进行相关性分析。结果:15眼中13眼(86.7%)术后视力提高,1眼术后因玻璃体再次出血再次行玻璃体视网膜手术,1眼因取硅油后再次出现视网膜脱离复发。术后常见并发症为前房反应及高眼压。结论:白内障超声乳化联合玻璃体手术治疗玻璃体视网膜病变合并白内障安全有效,术中摘除混浊晶状体,有利于清楚观察眼内病变,决定手术方式,有利于玻璃体彻底切除和后段手术操作的顺利进行,有利于早期恢复患者视力,避免再次白内障手术。     

联合手术在合并白内障的增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变中的疗效

目的 探讨超声乳化联合玻璃体切除和后路晶体切除术联合玻璃体切除两种手术方式在白内障合并增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)治疗中的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析60例73眼,分两组,术式1组40眼,为常规白内障超声乳化术联合标准闭合式三通道玻璃体切除及眼内光凝、囊袋内植入后房型人工晶体;术式2组33眼,为经扁平部玻璃体术中先切除晶体及后囊膜,保留前囊并吸刮上皮层、后段玻璃体切除和眼内光凝后,再从角巩膜缘切口,将人工晶体植入前囊上、睫状体沟内,环型切除前囊中央直径4.5～5 mm的前囊组织.结果 术后随访2个月至3年,术式1组视力改善32眼(80.00%),术式2组视力改善23眼(69.70%),两组术后视力改善眼数比较差异有统计学意义(2=4.763,P<0.05).术式1组术后发生虹膜新生血管(INV)1眼(2.50%);术式2组术后发生INV 7眼(21.21%),两组术后INV发生率差异有统计学意义(2=5.837,P<0.05).结论 玻璃体切除联合超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术治疗PDR安全、有效,术后并发症少,能迅速恢复患者视力,减少患者多次手术的痛苦.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.