蒙古黄芪中黄酮类成分的研究

目的研究蒙古黄芪的化学成分,为该中药的开发利用和质量评价提供依据。方法利用多种色谱方法分离纯化,通过理化常数测定和波谱分析鉴定其化学结构。结果从蒙古黄芪中分离鉴定了9个黄酮类化合物,分别为芒柄花素(formononetin,Ⅰ)、(3R)-8,2′-二羟基-7,4′-二甲氧基异黄烷[(3R)-8,2′-dihydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxy-isoflavane,Ⅱ]、毛蕊异黄酮(calycosin,Ⅲ)、(6aR,11aR)9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷[(6aR,11aR)9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucoside,Ⅳ]、7,2′-二羟基-3′,4′-二甲氧基异黄烷-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7,2′-di-hydroxy-3′,4′-dimethoxy-isoflavane-7-O-β-D-glucoside,)、芒柄花素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(formononetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,Ⅴ)、毛蕊异黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,Ⅵ)、红车轴草异黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(pratensein-7-O-β-D-glucoside,Ⅶ)和染料木苷(genistin,(Ⅸ))。结论化合物为首次从黄芪属植物中分得,化合物为首次从该种植物中获得,化合物～具有促进细胞增殖的活性。-     

山矾的化学成分研究

目的 研究山矾Symplocos caudata的化学成分。方法 采用色谱法分离,用波谱方法进行结构鉴定。结果 从山矾根中分离鉴定了9个化合物,5个木脂素苷：(7R,8S)-二氢脱氢二松柏醇4-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、(7S,8R)-二氢脱氢二松柏醇4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)、(7R,8S)-二氢脱氢二松柏醇9′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、橙皮素B(Ⅳ)、(+)-落叶松脂素-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ);还有1个三萜,2个甾醇和1个芳香苷：白桦脂酸(Ⅵ)、Δ7-豆甾烯醇(Ⅶ)、菠甾醇(Ⅷ)和3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基-1-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅸ)。结论 化合物Ⅰ和Ⅸ外,其他化合物均为首次从山矾科植物中分离得到。     

毛杭子梢化学成分的研究

目的研究毛杭子梢Campylotropis hirtella根60%乙醇提取物的化学成分。方法运用多种色谱学方法对毛杭子梢60%乙醇提取物的化学成分进行分离,并根据光谱数据对化合物进行结构解析。结果从该植物中分离得到6个化合物,鉴定为(3S,5R,8R)-3,5-二羟基-megastigman-6,7-亚烯-9-酮-5-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、开环异落叶松脂素-9′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)、2,6-二甲氧基-4-羟基苯酚1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、丁香醛(Ⅳ)、3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基苯酚1-O-β-D-芹糖基-(1→6)-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅵ)。结论化合物Ⅰ～Ⅵ均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

土茯苓酚苷类成分研究

目的 研究土茯苓的化学成分。方法 用硅胶、大孔树脂、ODS柱色谱及HPLC方法进行分离纯化，根据理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果 得到6个化合物，分别为2，4，6-三羟基苯乙酮-2，4-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、3，4，5-三甲氧基苯基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)、3，4，5-三甲氧基苯基-1-O-[β-D-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)]-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、3，4-二羟基苯乙醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)、8，8′-双二氢丁香苷元葡萄糖苷(8，8′bisdihydrosyringenin glucoside，V)、白藜芦醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)。结论 化合物Ⅰ为首次从天然界中分得，其余化合物为首次从土茯苓中分得。     

黄花獐牙菜的化学成分研究

目的 研究黄花獐牙菜 Swertia kingii的化学成分。方法 用各种色谱柱方法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱解析鉴定其化学结构。结果 从黄花獐牙菜中分离到15个化合物,鉴定了其中的11个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,1)、1,8-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基口山酮(甲基獐牙菜宁,methylswertianin,2)、1,7-二羟基-3 ,8二甲氧基口山酮(gentiacaulein,3)、1,8-二羟基-3,5-二甲氧基口山酮(印度獐牙菜素,swerchirin,4)、8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1, 3, 7-trihydroxanthone,5)、芒果苷(mangiferin,7)、1-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖］-7-羟基-3,8-二甲氧基口山酮(1-O-［β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl］-7-hydroxy-3, 8-dimethoxyxanthone,8)、8-O-［β-D-吡喃木糖(1→6)-D-吡喃葡萄糖］-1,7-二羟基-3-甲氧基口山酮(8-O-［β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→6)-lucopyranosyl］1, 7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-xanthone,9)、1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-7-羟基-3,8-二甲氧基口山酮(1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-hydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyxanthone,10)、异荭草苷(isoorientin,11)、8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1,3,5-三羟基口山酮(8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1, 3, 5-trihydroxanthone,13)。其余4个还在结构鉴定中。结论 所有化合物1～11均为首次从该植物中得到。     

芫花化学成分研究

目的:研究芫花(Daphne genkwa)的化学成分。方法:使用色谱技术对芫花醇提物进行分离和纯化,根据理化常数和波谱数据对化合物的结构进行鉴定。结果:共鉴定出10个化合物,分别为芫花素(genkwanin,1)、3′-羟基芫花素(3′-hydroxygenkwanin,2)、芹菜素(apigenin, 3)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-(6″-P-香豆酰)-吡喃葡萄糖苷［kaempferol-3-O-β-D-(6″-P-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside,-4］、芫根苷(yuenkanin,5)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside,6)、木犀草素-7-甲氧基-3′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(luteolin-7-O-methylether-3′-O-β-D-glucoside, 7 )、芫花素-5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(genkwanin-5-O-β-D-glucoside,-8)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,9)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,10)。结论:化合物6～8为首次从该植物中分得。     

白背叶中一个新的异戊烯基二氢黄酮

目的对大戟科植物白背叶Mallotusapelta的叶进行化学成分研究。方法原料的乙醇浸出物,用各种柱色谱进行分离和纯化,所得化合物以理化性质和波谱数据进行鉴定。结果分得5个化合物,分别鉴定为蒲公英赛醇(Ⅰ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅱ)、5,7-二羟基-6-异戊烯基-4′-甲氧基二氢黄酮(Ⅲ)、洋芹素(Ⅳ)、洋芹素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)。结论化合物为新化合物,命名为白背叶素(mallotusin),化合物Ⅰ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ为首次从白背叶中分得。关键词:白背叶;蒲公英赛醇;5,7-二羟基-6-异戊烯基-4′-甲氧基二氢黄酮;洋芹素;洋芹素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷     

小花鬼针草中的苯丙苷类成分及抑制组胺释放活性

目的研究小花鬼针草Bidens parviflora全株的化学成分,并通过组胺抑制实验寻找活性成分。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和ODS柱色谱分离化合物,运用1D NMR、2D NMR波谱学方法鉴定了化合物的结构,通过组胺抑制实验测定化合物抗过敏活性。结果分离鉴定了4个苯丙苷类及1个苯甲醇苷成分:4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯丙三醇8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(guaiacyl glycerol 8-O-β-D-glucosideⅠ)、丁香酚苷(syringin,Ⅱ)、4-烯丙基-2-甲氧基苯酚-O-(6-O-β-D-芹糖基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷[4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol-O-(6-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl)-β-D-glucoside,Ⅲ]、5,7-二羟基色原酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5,7-dihydroxy chromone7-O-β-D-glucoside,Ⅳ)、苄醇-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(benzyl alcohol-O-β-D-glucoside,Ⅴ)。化合物Ⅰ~Ⅴ抑制组胺释放,IC50分别为70、61、>100、52、>100μg/mL。结论化合物Ⅰ~Ⅴ首次从本植物中分得,Ⅲ为未见文献报道的新化合物,命名为鬼针草酚葡萄糖苷(bidenphenol glucoside)。化合物Ⅰ~Ⅴ具有抑制组胺释放的活性。     

苏门白酒草的化学成分研究

目的 研究苏门白酒草的化学成分。方法 运用溶剂萃取、硅胶和聚酰胺柱色谱、重结晶等方法分离纯化,并通过核磁共振谱鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从苏门白酒草中分离鉴定了12个化合物：芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷-6″-甲酯(Ⅰ)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(Ⅱ)、金圣草黄素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷-6″-甲酯(Ⅲ)、金圣草黄素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)、4′-羟基黄芩素(Ⅴ)、金合欢素-7- O-芸香糖苷(Ⅵ)、金圣草黄素(Ⅶ)、菠甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅷ)、菠甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷-6′-O-棕榈酸酯(Ⅸ)、( 2S,3S,4R,8E)-8,9-二脱氢植物鞘氨醇(2′R )-2′-羟基二十二、二十三、二十四、二十五烷酰胺(Ⅹ)、天师酸(Ⅺ)、菠甾醇(ⅩⅡ)。结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅺ为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅰ～Ⅶ和Ⅸ～Ⅺ为首次从白酒草属植物中分离得到。     

漆姑草中酚性成分研究

目的研究漆姑草中的酚性化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱及RPC-18柱色谱进行分离纯化,并运用波谱方法对所分得化合物进行结构鉴定。结果从漆姑草中分得9个酚性化合物,经波谱解析分别确定为:E-对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯(Ⅰ)、伞形花内酯(Ⅱ)、7-甲氧基香豆素(Ⅲ)、5,7-二羟基香豆素(Ⅳ)、5,7-二甲氧基香豆素(Ⅴ)、7-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖-6-C-β-D-木糖吡喃糖-5,4′-二羟基黄酮(Ⅵ)、5,7,2′-三羟基-8-甲氧基黄酮(Ⅶ)、5,7-二羟基-8,2′-二甲氧基黄酮(Ⅷ)、5,7,3′,4′-四羟基-6-甲氧基黄酮(Ⅸ)。结论所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分得。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.