B型利钠肽和肺毛细血管嵌压对心力衰竭远期心脏事件的预测价值

目的 研究血浆B型利钠肽(BNP)和肺毛细血管嵌压(PCWP)对慢性心力衰竭(心衰)患者远期心脏事件的预测价值.方法 入选134例心衰患者,经Swan-Ganz导管测定PCWP,双抗体夹心免疫荧光法测定血浆BNP浓度.随访3年,记录发生的心脏事件.结果 (1)心脏事件组的心胸比率、PCWP、BNP较非心脏事件组显著升高(P<0.01).(2)多元Logisac回归分析PCWP和BNP为心衰患者远期心脏事件独立的预测因子.(3)BNP、PCWP预测心原性死亡ROC曲线下面积分别为0.846和0.762.BNP取值720.5 ng/L、PCWP取值19.5 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)预测心原性死亡的敏感度和特异度达最高.(4)血浆BNP≤702.5 ng/L组心衰患者的生存率高于BNP>702.5 ng/L组,PCWP≤19.5 mm Hg组心衰患者的生存率高于PCWP>19.5 mm Hg组;Log-Rank检验说明,不同PCWP和BNP两组生存时间之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 BNP和PCWP是影响慢性心衰患者远期心脏事件的独立预测因素.     

NT-pro BNP水平对慢性心力衰竭患者远期心脏事件的预测价值研究

目的观察慢性心力衰竭患者的N-端脑利钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)水平与远期心脏事件的关系,探讨NT-pro BNP水平对慢性心力衰竭患者长期预后的预测价值。方法对122例慢性心力衰竭患者检测血NT-pro BNP,随访两年内的心脏事件(心血管病死亡,心力衰竭失代偿再住院)。结果心脏事件组NT-pro BNP水平明显高于非心脏事件组(P<0.05);NT-pro BNP>2 917ng/L组心脏事件发生率高于≤2 917ng/L组(P<0.05)。结论检测血浆NT-pro BNP水平对慢性心力衰竭患者远期心脏事件预测有一定价值。     

血浆脑钠素水平在心血管病患者中的预后意义

目的探讨血浆脑钠素(BNP)水平对心血管病人全因死亡率的影响,及BNP对患者的预后意义。方法解放军总医院第一附属医院2003年9月至2005年6月期间的住院患者,均有心脏病史,共275例,随访2年,失访2例。根据BNP水平分为3组:BNP<100ng/L,101～1000ng/L,>1000ng/L,比较各组间死亡率的差别,绘制生存曲线。结果随访期间,共死亡42例患者,心源性死亡25例,非心源性死亡17例。3组比较,各组间死亡率比较有统计学意义(P<0.001),随BNP浓度的增加,死亡率逐渐升高。在多因素比较中,年龄和BNP有统计学意义,相对于BNP>1000ng/L,各组BNP对死亡影响的危险比值均<1,说明BNP是影响患者预后的独立危险因素。结论BNP水平是死亡危险增加的一个生化指标,是影响患者预后的一个独立危险因素。     

B型利钠肽对非心源性危重患者的预后价值

目的 探讨B型利钠肽(BNP)浓度是否预测急诊非心源性危重患者的28 d病死率.方法 测量255例急诊室非心源性危重患者血中BNP浓度,并记录各项化验指标和临床生理指标.随访28 d患者是否存活,进一步分析人选时血BNP水平与28 d病死率的关系.结果 28 d共有71例死亡,死亡组患者的血BNP浓度中位数水平明显高于存活组(326.0 ng/L比50.9 ng/L,P<0.001),BNP水平预测28 d病死率的ROC曲线下面积为0.825,血BNP预测患者病死率的最佳界值点是114.0 ns/L,血BNP>114.0 ng/L(RR 7.268,95%CI 3.864～13.672)和急性生理学及慢性健康状况评分(APACHE)Ⅱ评分>20(RR 3.330,95%CI 1.815～6.109)是预测患者28 d病死率的独立危险因素.结论 血BNP水平是预测急诊非心源性危苇患者28 d病死率的独立指标,应用BNP预测危重患者病死率的能力优于急诊室常用的快速急性生理学评分与快速急诊医学评分系统,与经典的APACHE Ⅱ评分十分相近.     

脑钠肽检测对急性左心力衰竭的鉴别诊断价值

目的:探讨床边即时检测脑钠肽(BNP)对急性左心力衰竭(心衰)患者的鉴别诊断价值。方法:荧光免疫法测定呼吸困难患者65例(心衰者48例、非心衰者17例)血浆BNP,心脏超声和右心漂浮导管法分别测定心脏左室射血分数(LVEF)和肺毛细血管楔压(PCWP)。结果:①急性心衰患者血浆BNP水平明显高于非心衰患者[(683±57)∶(43±6)ng/L,P<0.01];②以100ng/L为正常参考值,BNP诊断心衰的敏感性为93.8%(45/48),特异性94.1%(16/17),排除心衰的阴性预测价值93.8%(61/65);③心衰患者BNP水平与PCWP呈正相关(r=0.47,P<0.01),与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.61,P<0.01)。结论:荧光免疫法即时检测BNP诊断心衰敏感而且特异,可作为急诊呼吸困难鉴别诊断的一个观察指标。     

收缩性心衰急性失代偿期患者血浆NTpro-BNP水平变化及其对预后的评估

目的探讨血浆N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)对收缩功能不全性心力衰竭(SHF)急性失代偿期患者预后的临床评估价值。方法选取该院148例SHF急性失代偿期患者为研究对象进行回顾性分析。根据随访期患者转归分为:研究组,发生心脏事件,共73例;对照组,未发生心脏事件,共75例。比较两组的NT-proBNP水平、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、再入院率与死亡率。结果与对照组相比,研究组的NT-proBNP、LVEDd、再入院率与死亡率均显著升高(均P<0.05);而LVEF明显降低。多元Logistic回归分析显示,NT-proBNP为远期心脏事件的独立预测因子。NT-proBNP预测心源性死亡ROC曲线下面积为0.792。NT-proBNP取值3 600 pmol/L预测心源性死亡的敏感度和特异度达最高。血浆BNP≤3 600 pmol/L患者生存率高于BNP>3 600 pmol/L(P<0.05)者。结论 NT-proBNP是影响SHF急性失代偿期患者预后的独立预测因素。     

B型利钠肽动态变化对老年心衰患者心脏事件的预测价值

目的 评价动态多点血浆B型利钠肽(BNP)水平对老年慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者预后的预测价值.方法 顺序前瞻性选择选取94例心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级(NYHA分级)老年CHF住院患者,测定入院时血浆BNP水平(BNPI)、出院时BNP水平(BNP2)及出院后2 w门诊随访时测定BNP水平(BNP3),超声检测左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)和左室射血分数(LVEF),并随访.主要观察终点为心源性死亡和心衰恶化再入院.统计学分析采用双变量相关分析、多元逐步回归及COX回归分析.结果 引入变量:年龄、LVEDD、LVEF、BNP1、BNP2、BNP3,双变量相关分析与多元逐步回归分析显示,仅BNP1与心源性死亡时间及心衰再入院时间独立相关,COX回归分析同样只有BNP1(偏回归系数=0.005;P=0.000)是心脏不良事件的独立相关影响因素.结论 对老年CHF患者BNP1可作为预测心衰预后的重要、可靠指标,是心脏不良事件的独立相关影响因素.     

脑钠肽与早发心绞痛患者近期预后的相关性

目的:探讨血浆脑钠肽(BNP)浓度对早发心绞痛患者近期心血管事件的预测价值。方法:检测110例早发心绞痛患者入院时的血浆BNP浓度,稳定型心绞痛(SAP)50例,不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)60例;26例健康体检者作为对照组。心绞痛患者按常规方法进行药物治疗和冠状动脉介入治疗,记录住院和随访平均6个月期间的心血管事件(心血管死亡、心力衰竭、再发心绞痛、心肌梗死);检测所有对象的BNP。结果:心绞痛组中UAP、SAP者与对照组血浆BNP浓度分别为(94.88±35.92)、(40.19±23.05)与(35.85±14.96)ng/L。UAP者平均BNP浓度高于SAP者和对照组(均P<0.01),SAP者与对照组BNP比较差异无统计学意义。UAP者心力衰竭、再发心绞痛、心肌梗死复合心血管事件发生率高于SAP者(20%∶6%,P<0.05)。SAP者、UAP者中发生心血管事件者BNP均高于未发生心血管事件者,分别为P<0.05、P<0.01。结论:血浆BNP浓度可以预测早发心绞痛患者近期心血管事件。     

慢性心力衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽水平与左室重构的关系和预后价值

目的 探讨慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血浆脑钠肽水平与左室重构的关系及其预后价值.方法入选126例CHF患者,测定血浆脑钠肽(BNP)浓度,随访住院期间、30天和6个月的主要心脏不良事件(即心血管病死亡、新发心衰/心衰恶化再入院).结果随BNP水平分级递增,左室重量指数(LVMI)、左室舒张末内径指数(LVIDdI)明显增高,左室射血分数(LVEF)明显减低,各组心脏不良事件发生率明显增加.通过多变量的logistic回归分析,BNP是独立于年龄、LVMI、LVIDdI、LVEF等危险因素的CHF预后因素,可预测30天和6个月心脏不良事件发生(r分别为0.769,0.831,P<0.01).BNP预测6个月心脏不良事件发生的ROC曲线下面积为0.851(95%CI:0.778～0.924,P<0.01).结论 BNP水平与CHF患者左室重构有一定相关性,能很好地对CHF患者进行危险分层,是CHF患者近期临床预后的较好指标.     

血浆脑钠肽水平评估老年心源性脑卒中预后的价值

目的探讨血浆脑钠肽(BNP)水平对老年心源性脑卒中的预后判断价值。方法心源性脑卒中患者80例,按照BNP水平是否超过200 ng/L分为两组,每组40例。对所有患者随访1年,统计其发生大动脉粥样硬化、再发脑栓塞及小动脉闭塞等并发症的比例以及两组高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、高脂血症、慢阻肺发生率,比较两组脑梗死面积及1年生存率。结果 BNP≥200 ng/L组发生大动脉粥样硬化、再发脑栓塞及小动脉闭塞等并发症的比例显著高于BNP200 ng/L组(P0.05),并发高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、高脂血症、慢阻肺等疾病的比例均高于BNP200 ng/L组(P0.05),脑梗死面积显著大于BNP200 ng/L组(P0.05),1年生存率低于BNP200 ng/L组(P0.05)。结论监测血清BNP能有效预测心源性脑卒中患者脑损伤程度,指导脑损伤治疗,预测脑卒中患者预后。     

慢性心力衰竭治疗中血浆脑钠肽的变化及其意义

目的：探讨慢性心力衰竭患者治疗中血浆脑钠肽水平的变化及其临床意义。方法：选择慢性心力衰竭患者63例，联合使用β受体阻滞剂及血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂治疗6月，于治疗前后分别测定血浆脑钠肽水平，并使用超声心动图仪检测左心室收缩功能及左心室结构。30名健康者为对照。结果：心力衰竭组血浆脑钠肽水平显著高于对照组（P〈0．001），并与心力衰竭严重程度有关；左心室射血分数显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）。心力衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽水平与心脏结构功能指标的直线相关分析表明，血浆脑钠肽水平与左心室射血分数呈负相关（r=-0．38，P〈0．05），心力衰竭患者有效治疗后，血浆脑钠肽水平显著下降（P〈0．05），左心室射血分数提高（P〈0．05）。结论：血浆脑钠肽水平可作为评价慢性心力衰竭治疗效果的客观指标。     

Augmented response in plasma brain natriuretic peptide to dynamic exercise in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and congestive heart failure

OBJECTIVES: We have previously demonstrated that patients with symptomatic congestive heart failure (CHF), but not with asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), have augmented plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) response to exercise. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) response to exercise is less extensively studied. The aim of this study was to determine whether responses of plasma BNP during exercise normalized for exercise workload are altered in patients with LVD and CHF. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with LVD, 32 patients with CHF (NYHA classes II-III) and 27 age-matched control subjects were studied. Ventilatory, plasma ANP and BNP responses were assessed during symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Plasma natriuretic peptide levels were measured at rest and immediately after peak exercise. The increment in plasma BNP was divided by the increment in oxygen uptake (VO2) from rest to peak exercise, and this ratio [BNP exercise ratio: (peak BNP - rest BNP)/(peak VO2 - rest VO2)] was compared amongst the three groups. RESULTS: Peak VO2 (Control, LVD and CHF: 28.2 +/- 1.7, 21.1 +/- 1.8, 16.2 +/- 0.6 ml, min(-1) kg(-1), respectively), anaerobic threshold and peak workload became smaller as heart failure worsened. Resting and peak plasma ANP levels were significantly higher only in CHF, whilst resting and peak plasma BNP levels displayed a significant and continuous increase from normal subjects to LVD and CHF. The ANP exercise ratio (1.25 +/- 0.36, 2.61 +/- 0.57, 7.72 +/- 1.65, ANOVA P = 0.0002) was significantly higher only in patients with CHF, whilst the BNP exercise ratio (0.35 +/- 0.10, 2.60 +/- 0.69, 4.98 +/- 0.97, ANOVA P = 0.0001) was significantly higher in patients with LVD and became progressively higher in patients with CHF. CONCLUSIONS: These data showed that the BNP exercise ratio, an exercise plasma BNP response normalized with exercise workload, was augmented in patients with LVD, and became progressively higher in CHF, suggesting that an augmented exercise BNP ratio exists early in the course of developing CHF.     

Effect of exercise on natriuretic peptides in plasma and urine in chronic heart failure

BACKGROUND: Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are elevated in chronic heart failure (CHF). ANP is known to be increased during exercise in healthy subjects and CHF, while the response in BNP during exercise is less clear and does not exist in C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in either healthy subjects or CHF. METHODS: Eleven patients with CHF and eleven healthy subjects performed a maximal aerobic exercise test. ANP and BNP in plasma were determined every 3 min and at maximum exercise by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and CNP and AQP2 in urine were determined before and after the exercise test by RIA. RESULTS: The absolute increase in BNP during exercise was higher in patients with CHF (CHF: 4.1 pmol/l; healthy subjects: 1.3 pmol/l, P<0.05) and was positively correlated to BNP at rest (P<0.05), while the absolute increase in ANP during exercise was the same in the two groups (CHF: 4.2 pmol/l; healthy subjects: 6.8 pmol/l, not significant, NS). In CHF, exercise did not change either u-CNP excretion (rest: 9.8 ng/mmol creatinine; after exercise: 8.8 ng/mmol, NS) or u-AQP2 (rest: 466 ng/mmol creatinine; after exercise: 517 ng/mmol creatinine, NS) as well as in healthy subjects where u-CNP (rest: 9.7 ng/mmol creatinine; after exercise: 9.2 ng/mmol creatinine) and u-AQP2 (rest: 283 ng/mmol creatinine; after exercise: 307 ng/mmol creatinine) were the same at rest and after exercise. CONCLUSION: The absolute increase in BNP during exercise is higher in patients with CHF compared to healthy subjects. It is suggested that this is a compensatory phenomenon to improve the exercise capacity in CHF, and that BNP is a more important factor in cardiovascular homeostasis during exercise in CHF than ANP.     

充血性心力衰竭与肺源性心脏病患者血浆BNP水平的比较

目的:比较充血性心力衰竭（congestive heart failure,CHF）及肺源性心脏病（pulmonary heart disease,PHD）患者急性呼吸困难发作时及缓解后1周血浆脑钠尿肽(BNP)水平的变化并分析其临床意义。方法: 采用全血化学发光法测定CHF及PHD患者急性呼吸困难发作时及缓解后1周血浆BNP水平。结果: CHF患者呼吸困难发作时血浆BNP水平明显高于病情缓解后1周血浆BNP水平［(1997±865)ng/L vs.(184±114)ng/L,P＜0.05］,PHD患者呼吸困难发作时血浆BNP水平明显高于病情缓解后1周血浆BNP水平［(679±202)ng/L vs.(145±48)ng/L,P＜0.05］,呼吸困难发作时CHF组患者血浆BNP水平明显高于PHD组（P＜0.05）,呼吸困难缓解后1周两组间无显著差异。结论: BNP水平可作为CHF患者病情严重程度及疗效判断的评价指标。也可作为临床协助鉴别CHF呼吸困难与PHD重度肺功能不全呼吸困难的检测指标之一。     

心脏起搏对慢性房颤并心力衰竭患者血浆脑利钠肽的影响

目的：研究VVI起搏对慢性房颤合并心力衰竭患者血浆脑利钠肽（BNP）水平的影响及其临床意义。方法：67例患者被分为VVI起搏组（48例）和未起搏组（19例），术前测血浆BNP值，术后3～6月随访测血浆BNP。比较两组患者BNP浓度差异。结果：起搏组术后BNP水平较未起搏组低[（129．21±31．57）pg／ml：（150．43±35．71）pg／ml，P〈0．05]。结论：VVI起搏未引起慢性房颤合并心力衰竭患者的BNP水平增高，对此类患者的心脏功能影响较小，或有助益。     

慢性心力衰竭患者血浆脑利钠肽浓度变化的临床研究

目的:评估慢性心力衰竭患者脑利钠肽(BNP)浓度变化的临床价值。方法:68例慢性心力衰竭患者依NYHA心功能分级分别采用免疫荧光检测技术及超声心功图于入院即刻、治疗2周分别进行BNP水平检测,测定左心室舒张期内径(LVEDd),左室射血分数(LVEF)。结果:血浆BNP浓度与心衰的严重程度呈正相关(r=0.8542,P<0.05),随心功能好转,BNP下降,BNP与LVEDd呈正相关(r=0.701,P<0.01),与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.725,P<0.05)。结论:血浆BNP浓度反映心衰严重程度,可作为判断心功能不全,预测其预后的指标。     

心脏起搏对血浆脑利钠肽影响的临床研究

研究DDD与VVI起搏方式对血浆脑利钠肽 (BNP)水平的影响及其临床意义。 4 7例安装了起搏器心功能II级以上患者 ,分为DDD起搏组与VVI起搏组 ,术前测血浆BNP值及行心脏彩色多普勒超声检查 ,术后 4～ 6月内随访血浆BNP、心脏彩色多普勒超声检查。比较两组患者BNP差别、心脏射血分数 (EF)差异。结果 :DDD起搏组BNP水平较VVI组为低 (5 7.2 3± 19.19pg/mlvs 88.35± 2 3.11pg/ml,P <0 .0 5 ) ;EF值在DDD起搏组较VVI组为高 (0 .5 6± 0 .0 8vs 0 .4 5± 0 .16 ,P <0 .0 5 )。两组患者的BNP与LVEF均呈显著负性相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :DDD起搏与VVI起搏方式相比血浆BNP水平较低 ,对慢性心功能不全患者的心脏功能影响较小。     

Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with pleural effusions: preliminary observations

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To address the value of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations as a diagnostic tool for determining the cardiac etiology of pleural effusions, and to determine possible differences of plasma BNP concentrations before and after pleurocentesis in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS: Consecutive series of 64 patients with indications for diagnostic pleurocentesis. The final diagnosis of the underlying disease was assessed by clinical criteria. Seven patients were excluded due to pleural effusions of equivocal origin or due to obvious hemothorax secondary to trauma. INTERVENTION: Pleurocentesis attempting to drain effusions dry. Plasma BNP concentrations were measured directly before pleurocentesis and 24 h after the intervention. During these 24 h, the dosages of patients' medications were held constant. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: In distinguishing between patients with pleural effusions caused by CHF (n = 31) and patients with pleural effusions attributable to other causes (n = 26), the area under the curve was 0.974 (SE, 0.021; 95% confidence interval, 0.892 to 0.997) for plasma BNP. A BNP cutoff concentration of 2,201 ng/L had a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 100% in the diagnosis of CHF. The median plasma BNP concentrations in patients with pleural effusions caused by CHF (n = 31) did not change within 24 h after pleurocentesis compared with the concentrations obtained before the procedure (before pleurocentesis, 3,227 ng/L; 24 h after pleurocentesis, 2,759 ng/L; p = 0.189), despite a median removal of 1,100 mL pleural fluid. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma BNP concentrations of patients with pleural effusions of unknown origin may be an aid in the diagnosis of CHF as the underlying cause. If plasma BNP is used as a surrogate marker of global cardiac function, there is no indication of hemodynamic improvement caused by pleurocentesis alone in patients with CHF and pleural effusions.     

慢性心力衰竭患者血浆B型利钠肽的测定及治疗的影响

目的：探讨血浆B型利钠肽（BNP）与慢性心力衰竭（CHF）的关系。方法：对48例CHF患者和10名正常人，以固相免疫分析法（IRMA）测定血浆BNP，其中33例心功能稳定于NYHAⅡ～Ⅲ级的CHF患者分为2组．随访3个月。A组（n=12）：应用地高辛、利尿剂和ACEI治疗；B组（n=21）：在上述治疗的基础上．加用卡维地洛。比较两组血浆BNP水平．及心脏彩超检查的心脏结构和功能变化。结果：（1）CHF患者血浆BNP水平显著升高，严重心衰患者更明显（P均〈0．05）；（2）两组治疗后血浆BNP水平均较治疗前显著降低（P〈0．05）；（3）治疗后心功能改善者血浆BNP水平下降较未改善者更明显（P〈0．05）；（4）B组心功能改善较A组更明显（P〈0．05）。结论：CHF患者血浆BNP水平升高．其水平随心衰加重而升高．提示BNP可作为评价心衰有价值的指标     

Brain natriuretic peptide response is heterogeneous during beta-blocker therapy for congestive heart failure

BACKGROUND: Plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are useful marker to guide medical treatment in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). We tested the hypothesis that the plasma BNP concentration would be a useful marker of beta-blocker therapy for CHF. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty-four patients with New York Heart Association class II-IV CHF and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% were treated with beta-blockers, including metoprolol and carvedilol, for at least 16 weeks. End-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions decreased, and radionuclide LVEF increased 4 weeks after introduction of beta-blockers (early phase). LV end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions both decreased, and LVEF increased 16 to 48 weeks after the therapy (late phase). However, the BNP concentration did not change during the observation period. Overall LV function improved in all 4 subgroups divided according to the baseline BNP levels. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma BNP concentration is not a sensitive marker of successful beta-blocker therapy for CHF.