农村居民血清中23种元素与代谢综合征关系

目的了解农村居民血清中23种微量元素与代谢综合征（MS）的关系,为采取相应的干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群抽样结合系统抽样方法对在宁夏回族自治区吴忠市和固原市抽取的1 493名25~74岁农村居民进行问卷调查和体格检查,并测定各项生化指标及血清中23种微量元素含量。结果1 493名农村居民中,MS患者142例（9.51%）,正常人群1 351人（90.49%）;2组人群比较,MS组血清中Cu、Se、P、Cd含量和Zn/Cd比值分别为（1.05±0.26）μg/mL、（0.48±0.46）μg/mL、（1.54±0.43）mg/mL、（17.16±6.82）ng/mL、（1 991.55±288.21）,均高于正常组的（0.99±0.21）μg/mL、（0.34±0.39）μg/mL、（1.43±0.33）mg/mL、（14.49±6.74）ng/mL、（619.05±214.12）（P<0.05）,B和Cr的含量分别（2.30±1.57）μg/mL和（5.32±2.49）μg/mL,均低于正常组的（2.84±2.15）μg/mL和（6.30±2.71）μg/mL（P<0.05）;控制年龄和文化程度后,偏相关分析结果显示,血清中Li与空腹血糖（FPG）、甘油三酯（TG）均呈正相关,与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）呈负相关（均P<0.05）,Cu与收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）均呈正相关（均P<0.05）,Ca与HDL-C 呈负相关（r=-0.095,P=0.022）,T1与TG呈正相关,与SBP、DBP、HDL-C均呈负相关（均P<0.05）,Pb与FPG呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关（均P<0.05）,P与SBP、DBP、FPG、TG、HDL-C均呈正相关（均P<0.05）,Cr与HDL-C呈正相关,与体质指数（BMI）呈负相关（均P<0.05）,Ba与DBP呈负相关（r=-0.087,P=0.035）,Sr与HDL-C呈正相关（r=0.153,P=0.000）;Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清Cu（OR=1.543,95%CI=1.195~1.992）、Ga（OR=1.361,95%CI=1.017~1.822）、Cd（OR=1.605,95%CI=1.148~2.243）是MS患病的危险因素,Cr（OR=0.754,95%CI=0.603~0.942）是MS患病的保护因素。结论血清Li、Cu、Ga、Tl、Pb、P、Cr、Ba、Sr与MS均相关,Cu、Ga、Cd、Cr是MS患病的独立影响因素。     

Breakfast patterns are associated with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults

The Korean diet, including breakfast, is becoming more Western, which could increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. Our aim was to assess whether breakfast patterns are associated with risk for metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. The study subjects (n = 371; 103 men, 268 women) were employees of Jaesang Hospital in Korea and their acquaintances, and all subjects were between 30 and 50 years old. The data collected from each subject included anthropometric measurements, three-day food intake, blood pressure (BP) and blood analyses. The three breakfast patterns identified by factor analysis were "Rice, Kimchi and Vegetables", "Potatoes, Fruits and Nuts" and "Eggs, Breads and Processed meat". The "Rice, Kimchi and Vegetables" pattern scores were positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measurements in men (P < 0.05) and with serum triglyceride (TG) levels in women (P < 0.05). The "Eggs, Breads and Processed meat" pattern scores correlated positively with weight, body mass index (P < 0.05) and serum TGs (P < 0.01) in men. The "Potatoes, Fruits and Nuts" pattern was associated with lower risk of elevated BP (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.28-0.88) and fasting glucose levels (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.26-1.00). In contrast, the "Eggs, Breads and Processed meat" pattern was associated with increased risk of elevated TGs (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.06-3.98). Our results indicate that reducing the consumption of eggs, western grains and processed meat while increasing fruit, nut and vegetable intake for breakfast could have beneficial effects on decreasing metabolic syndrome risk in Korean adults.     

The association between gender difference with metabolic syndrome,metabolic syndrome score and serum vitamin D levels in Korean adults

This study assessed the association between gender difference with metabolic syndrome (MetS), metabolic syndrome score (MSS) and serum vitamin D levels in Korean adults. Analyses were restricted to 5147 adults (2162 men; 2985 women) aged 20 and older, using the 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. In the non-adjusted model, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were inversely associated with MetS (p?=?.001) and MSS (p?=?.009) in men, but positively associated with MetS (p?=?.002) and MSS (p?001) in women. However, when adjusted for related variables (including age), serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with MetS (p?001) and MSS (p?001) in men, but were not associated with MetS (p?=?.200) and MSS (p?=?.541) in women. In conclusion, increases in MetS and its components were inversely associated with the serum vitamin D concentration in men.     

成人血尿酸分布与代谢综合征及其各组分关系

目的 探讨血尿酸分布特征与代谢综合征(MS)及其各组分的相关性。方法检测4 771名吉林延边农村居民血样本尿酸及代谢相关指标,根据《中国成人血脂异常防治指南》建议的标准诊断MS。结果 多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明,模型1:调整性别、民族、年龄、文化程度、吸烟及饮酒,MS及其各组分的患病危险均随血尿酸水平呈升高趋势;模型2:调整模型1中的变量和MS其他各组分,除高血糖外MS其他组分的患病危险均随血尿酸水平呈升高趋势;模型3:调整模型2中的变量和整体肥胖,结果与模型2一致,仅OR值有所下降;模型4:调整模型1中的变量和MS各组分,整体肥胖的患病危险随血尿酸水平呈升高趋势。协方差分析结果表明,MS组和非MS组血尿酸水平存在差异(F=170.3,P=0.000),且随MS组分数目的增加血尿酸水平呈升高趋势(趋势F=200.0,P=0.000)。结论 延边地区成人血尿酸水平与MS及其组分(除高血糖)、整体肥胖明显相关;随MS组分数目的增加血尿酸水平呈升高趋势。     

Factors associated with metabolic syndrome among Korean office workers

To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and identify risk factors associated with MetS among Korean office workers, this cross-sectional study was conducted with 776 office workers. The prevalence of MetS was 13.5%; elevated waist circumference (27.5%), elevated fasting glucose (23.1%), elevated triglycerides (22.2%), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (13.4%), and elevated BP (9.4%). Having any medical health problems (OR = 3.98, 95% CI: 2.01–7.85), more knowledge of MetS (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.02–1.56), higher BMI (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.30–1.57), current smoking (OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.04–13.73), and physical inactivity (OR = 3.22, 95% CI: 1.21–8.58) were significantly associated with increased likelihood of MetS. Addressing the influence of these factors on MetS could lead to the development of workplace-based intervention strategies to encourage lifestyle changes and prevent the risk of MetS among Korean office workers.     

The association of alcohol consumption with metabolic syndrome and its individual components: the Taichung community health study

Alcohol has both adverse and protective effects on the individual components of metabolic syndrome (MS). We hypothesize that alcohol consumption increases the risk of developing MS and that the consumption of different types of alcoholic beverages has different effects on the development of MS and its individual components. We enrolled 2358 men for this cross-sectional study. The data were collected from self-reported nutrition and lifestyle questionnaires. Individuals who drank at least once per week for 6 consecutive months were classified as current drinkers. Current drinkers were at a higher risk of developing MS, abdominal obesity, and high triglyceride levels, but they were at a lower risk of developing low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The increased risk of developing MS, high triglyceride, and high fasting glucose levels was dose dependent, whereas low HDL-C levels demonstrated a reverse relationship. The dose needed to reduce the risk of having low HDL-C levels was ≧50 g/d. This dose, however, resulted in an increased risk of developing high fasting glucose and high triglyceride levels. Consuming mixed types of alcohol increased the risk of developing MS and abdominal obesity. Meanwhile, those who drank liquor or wine had a greater risk of developing high triglyceride or high fasting glucose levels, respectively. In conclusion, alcohol consumption dose-dependently increased the risk of developing MS and some of its individual components while dose-dependently decreasing the risk of developing low HDL-C levels. The type of alcoholic beverage had different effects on the development of the individual components of MS.     

-谷氨酰转肽酶水平与代谢综合征及其组分间关系

目的 了解γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）水平与代谢综合征（MS）及其组分之间的关系,为临床工作中利用GGT水平诊断MS提供科学依据。方法 采用立意抽样方法收集北京市小汤山医院2012年1-12月28 057名体检人群的体检资料,采用Pearson相关分析GGT水平与MS相关组分之间的相关性,将按照GGT水平四分位数法分为<13.0、13.0~19.0、19.1~31.0、>31.0 U/L 4组进行二分类logistic回归模型分析不同GGT水平与MS发生风险之间的关系,应用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析GGT水平诊断MS的最佳临界值。结果 MS组人群的GGT水平为（40.96±4.17） U/L,高于非MS组人群的（24.10±2.49） U/L,差异有统计学意义（t=-27.048,P<0.01）;两变量Pearson相关分析以及调整了性别、年龄和MS其他组分后的偏相关分析结果显示,GGT水平与体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、甘油三酯MS组分均呈正相关（均P<0.01）,与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇MS组分均呈负相关（均P<0.01）;在控制了性别和年龄等混杂因素后,二分类logistic回归分析结果显示,GGT 13.0~19.0 U/L组、19.1~31.0 U/L组、>31.0 U/L组人群MS发病风险分别为GGT<13.0 U/L组人群的1.247倍（OR=1.247,95%CI=1.133~1.374）、2.375倍（OR=2.375,95%CI=2.166~2.605）、4.729倍（OR=4.729,95%CI=4.323~5.173）;ROC曲线结果显示,男性和女性GGT水平诊断MS的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.687和0.747,诊断MS的截断值分别为24.5和13.5 U/L,灵敏度分别为0.715和0.806,特异度分别为0.563和0.580。结论 GGT水平与MS及其组分之间存在相关关系,GGT水平的升高能够增加MS的发生风险,可作为MS发生的标志物。     

Breakfast skipping and breakfast type are associated with daily nutrient intakes and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES

Emerging evidence shows that eating breakfast and breakfast types may be associated with health outcomes and dietary intakes in various populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between breakfast types in Korean adults with their daily nutrient intakes and health outcomes.

SUBJECTS/METHODS

A total of 11,801 20- to 64-year-old adults (age 42.9 ± 11.8 yrs [mean ± standard error of the mean]; male 41.1%, female 58.9%) in 2007-2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey data were divided into 5 groups based on breakfast types in a 24-hr dietary recall: rice with 3 or more side dishes (Rice3+, 35.3%), rice with 0-2 side dishes (Rice0-2, 34.73%), noodles (1.56%), bread and cereal (6.56%), and breakfast skipping (21.63%). Daily nutrient intakes and the risk of metabolic syndrome were compared among five groups.

RESULTS

Compared with Korean Recommended Nutrient Intake levels, the breakfast-skipping group showed the lowest intake level in most nutrients, whereas the Rice3+ group showed the highest. Fat intake was higher in the bread and noodle groups than in the other groups. When compared with the Rice3+ group, the odds ratios for the risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome were increased in the breakfast skipping, Rice0-2, and noodle groups after controlling for confounding variables.

CONCLUSIONS

The rice-based breakfast group showed better nutritional status and health outcomes when eating with 3 or more side dishes. Nutrition education is needed to emphasize both the potential advantage of the rice-based, traditional Korean diet in terms of nutritional content and the importance of food diversity.     

中国9个长寿地区65岁及以上人群血硒水平与虚弱的关联研究

目的 探讨中国长寿地区65岁及以上老年人血硒水平与虚弱患病风险的关系.方法 数据来源于"老年健康生物标志物队列研究"项目,以2017-2018年调查的中国9个长寿地区2 464名65岁及以上老年人为研究对象,通过问卷调查获得调查对象的人口学特征、生活方式、饮食习惯及健康状况等信息,同时使用虚弱指数量表评定调查对象的虚弱...     

Low consumption of fruits and dairy foods is associated with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults from outpatient clinics in and near Seoul

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to examine differences in nutrient intake and food consumption by the presence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults.

SUBJECTS/METHODS

Study subjects in this cross-sectional study were recruited from four outpatient clinics in and near the Seoul metropolitan area of South Korea between 2006 and 2012. A total of 668 subjects (413 men and 255 women) aged ≥ 30 y were included in the final data analyses. For each subject, daily nutrient intake and food consumption were calculated using three days of dietary intake data obtained from a combination of 24-hour recalls and dietary records. To evaluate food consumption, mean number of servings consumed per day and percentages of recommended number of servings for six food groups were calculated. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The general linear model was performed to examine differences in nutrient intake and food consumption by sex and the presence of metabolic syndrome after adjustment for potential confounding variables.

RESULTS

Nutrient intake did not differ by the presence of metabolic syndrome in both men and women. Men with metabolic syndrome had lower consumption and percentage of the recommendation for fruits compared with those without metabolic syndrome (1.6 vs. 1.1 servings/day, P-value = 0.001; 63.5 vs. 49.5%, P-value = 0.013). Women with metabolic syndrome showed lower consumption and percentage of the recommendation for dairy foods than those without metabolic syndrome (0.8 vs. 0.5 servings/day, P-value = 0.001; 78.6 vs. 48.9%, P-value = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Low intakes of fruits and dairy foods might be associated with the risk of having metabolic syndrome among Korean adults. Dietary advice on increasing consumption of these foods is needed to prevent and attenuate the risk of metabolic syndrome.     

蒙古族中血清尿酸水平与代谢综合征及C-反应蛋白的关系研究

目的探讨蒙古族人群中血清尿酸水平与代谢综合征及C-反应蛋白的关系。方法选取内蒙古自治区某地14个行政村的蒙古族居民1 430人,分别测量血压、身高、体重、腰围、臀围等,检测研究对象的空腹血糖、血脂各项、C-反应蛋白、血清尿酸、肌苷等指标。应用SPSS 13.0软件进行分析。结果该人群中MS的患病率为17%;MS人群组中血清UA水平为147.22 mmol/L,显著高于非MS人群的121.77 mmol/L;在蒙古族女性居民中,MS随着血清UA水平的增高而增高。在调整年龄、性别、肌苷、TG、HDL和LDL后,血清UA水平与CRP之间没有显著性相关。结论在蒙古族女性人群中,血清尿酸水平与MS显著相关,但未见其与CRP存在关联。     

北京市成人代谢综合征及其影响因素分析

目的 分析北京市2002年参加营养调查18岁以上成年人代谢综合征（metabollc syndrome，MS）患病情况及各因素对代谢综合征发病的影响。方法 根据北京市2002膳食营养调查资料，在参加膳食调查的居民当中，选血糖、血脂、血压及体检资料完整的18岁以上的调查对象2140人列入本次研究，其中男性969人，女性1171人。代谢综合征诊断标准采用美国国家胆固醇项目专家组（ATP）Ⅲ定义。结果北京市成年人代谢综合征年龄调整后患病率15．4％，男性患病率13．5％，女性患病率17．1％，男女患病率差异有统计学意义；无论男性女性，45岁后患病率明显上升，并在65岁达到患病的高峰；代谢综合征的影响因素中，以腰围作用最为明显，其次为血糖和甘油三酯水平。就性别而言，腰围和血糖分别是影响男性和女性代谢综合征患病的最重要因素。结论 北京市成人代谢综合征的患病率已达15．4％，向心性肥胖、糖尿病及血脂紊乱的发生尤其明显。     

小儿肾病综合征与微量元素硒和锰的关系临床意义

[目的]为探讨微量元素硒(Se)和锰(Mn)与肾病综合征(NS)发病的关系.[方法]采用原子吸收分光光度仪,对36例急性期小儿肾病综合征及24例健康儿进行微量元素硒和锰检测.[结果]肾病组患儿Se和Mn含量显著低于正常对照组(t=3.51,P《0.01;t=2.43,P《0.05).血清Se和Mn与血清白蛋白、24小时尿蛋白之间具有相关性.[结论]Se和Mn含量减少,表明NS急性期存在着抗氧化能力下降,亦可能是容易感染和复发的原因之一.     

中国居民代谢综合征与脑卒中的相关性研究

目的探讨中国居民代谢综合征与脑卒中的关系。方法数据来源于2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查,选择15岁以上人群48633例,其中男性23080例,女性25553例。代谢综合征的定义参考中华医学会糖尿病分会2004年建议的标准。结果单因素logistic回归分析表明,代谢综合征与脑卒中呈正相关,OR值为5.998(95%CI4.799~7.496),多因素分析调整年龄、性别、6类地区、教育程度、中重度体力活动时间、吸烟、饮酒后代谢综合征与脑卒中仍具有统计学相关性,OR值为3.114(95%CI2.432~3.987)。代谢综合征的所有组分中,高血压与脑卒中的相关性最强,且随着代谢综合征组分在个体聚集越多(趋势性检验P<0.0001),患脑卒中的可能性越大。结论中国居民代谢综合征与脑卒中的患病有关。     

强化平衡训练预防脑卒中患者跌倒的效果观察

摘要：目的　探讨不同平衡训练任务预防脑卒中患者跌倒的效果。方法　选取２０１５ 年１２ 月至２０１７ 年 １２ 月北京市隆福医院接诊的脑卒中患者９４例，按照随机数表法分为观察组（狀＝４７） 和对照组（狀＝４７）。 观察组采用强化平衡训练，对照组采用常规康复训练。分析两组治疗前后的相关指标情况。结果　强化平 衡训练后，观察组的Ｂｅｒｇ平衡量表（ＢＢＳ）评分（４６．５３±１０．４２）分高于对照组（４０．４４±１０．５３） 分，差 异有统计学意义（狋＝２．８１８，犘＝０．００６）；观察组的Ｆｕｇｌ Ｍｅｙｅｒ量表下肢运动（ＦＭＡ Ｌ） 评分（２９．５３± ７．７２）分高于对照组（２５．４５±７．５４）分，差异有统计学意义（狋＝２．５９２，犘＝０．０１１）；观察组的ＡＤＬ 评分 （７８．１６±１０．７３）分高于对照组（７３．４３±９．８２）分，差异有统计学意义（狋＝２．２２９，犘＝０．０２８）；观察组跌 倒发生率８．５１％ （４／４７）低于对照组的２３．４０％ （１１／４７），差异有统计学意义（χ ２＝３．８８７，犘＝０．０４９）。 结论　强化平衡训练提高脑卒中患者的平衡能力，改善运动功能和日常生活能力，有效预防跌倒。 关键词：脑卒中；强化平衡训练；平衡能力；跌倒；预防 中图分类号：Ｒ４７３．５９　　文献标识码：Ａ　　文章编号：１００９ ６６３９ （２０１９）０２ ０１２８ ０４     

Vitamin D status and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in Korean adults based on a 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Recent studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic disorders are becoming increasingly more prevalent across multiple populations. However, there is a lack of comprehensive data for Korean adults. We investigated the vitamin D status, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association with metabolic syndrome (MS) risk in Korean adults aged 20 years or older. The study subjects (n = 18,305) were individuals who participated in the Korean National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) in 2008-2010. Vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]) was categorized as < 20, 21-29, and ≥ 30 ng/mL, which are the cut-off points for deficiency, insufficiency and normal limits. A wide variety of cardiometabolic risk factors were compared according to the vitamin D status. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 53.9% of men and 70.5% of women. Mean BMI, systolic BP, HbA1c and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were highest in the vitamin D deficiency group in both genders. Further, the MS was most prevalent in the vitamin D deficiency group in both genders (12.3%, P = 0.002 in men and 9.2%, P < 0.001 in women). Compared to the vitamin D normal group, the adjusted odds ratio (ORs) (95% confidence interval [95% CI]) for MS in the vitamin D deficiency group were 1.46 (1.05-2.02) in men and 1.60 (1.21-2.11) in women, after adjusting for confounding variables. In conclusion, Vitamin D deficiency is a very common health problem in Korean adults and is independently associated with the increasing risk of MS.