中西医结合治疗外阴白斑

外阴白斑病是外阴部的一种特殊病态，属外阴慢性上皮营养不良性疾病。以病变处皮肤增厚、粗糙、弹性减退、皮色脱失为特征，常见于大阴唇或小朋唇内侧及明蒂，临床以难忍耐的症痒为主要症状。目前病因尚未明了。笔者本着“肾为先天之本，主藏精气，开窍于二阴”的中医理论为宗旨，采用补肾法加用波姆光治疗本病，取得较好疗效，观介绍如下。且组方药物分析对外阴白斑的治疗，主要选用了温补肾阳的药物，其目的是增加病根部位的营养状态，恢复其皮包及组织弹性，缓解或消除临床症状。1．1组方：茧丝子20、淫羊霍20、补骨脂ZO、当归15、丹参1…     

聚焦超声治疗外阴白斑60例疗效观察

外阴白色病变是指女性外阴皮肤和黏膜发生变性及色素改变的一组慢性疾病,以外阴的奇痒灼痛,病变区域皮肤和黏膜色素减退或发白,皮肤粗糙、皲裂和破溃等皮肤变化为特色。外阴白斑是一种常见的妇产科难治性疾病,病因不明,临床常规治疗方法虽有一定疗效,但复发率较高。聚焦超声是超声医学近年发展起来的一种无创性诊断和治疗技术,近年我院采用聚焦超声治疗外阴白色病变,效果较好,报道如下。     

激光并中药治疗外阴白斑的疗效分析

外阴白斑是妇科的一种较为常见疾病之一,因其病因不明较难治愈,给患者带来巨大的痛苦。现就我科应用激光和中药结合,对已往所治的22例患者的疗效报道如下。     

外阴白斑霜治疗妇产科外阴鳞状上皮增生136例临床分析

目的探讨外阴白斑霜治疗外阴鳞状上皮增生的疗效与安全性。方法对来本院就诊自愿接受随访的外阴鳞状上皮增生患者136例,采用外阴白斑霜局部外用给药的方法治疗本病。结果总有效率为97.06%。轻症外阴鳞状上皮增生治愈率明显高于重症外阴鳞状上皮增生（P〈0.01）;单纯型外阴鳞状上皮增生高于混合型外阴鳞状上皮增生（P〈0.01）。结论外阴白斑霜治疗妇科外阴鳞状上皮增生疗效显著,方便易行,值得推广。     

178例外阴白斑临床分析

收集我院门诊2003年1月至2009年3月178例外阴白斑患者的资料，分析如下。     

透骨川椒汤药包治疗外阴白斑的临床应用

外阴白斑是女性外阴皮肤和黏膜组织发生变性及色素改变的一组慢性疾病.其发病率为1/300～1/1000,占外阴疾病的50%.本病好发于围绝经期妇女,关于其病因,目前认识不一.一般认为本病是由于环境、遗传、代谢因素和过敏体质所致器官或组织结构和功能紊乱,从而引起皮肤肥厚、增生、萎缩等变化.该病的主要病理改变在真皮层.     

外阴白斑膏的制备及临床应用

目的制备外阴白斑软膏并观察其临床疗效。方法介绍该制剂处方、制备及质量控制方法;选择200例外阴增生性白斑病患者,随机分为治疗组与对照组,考查其临床疗效。结果外阴白斑软膏治疗外阴白斑总有效率达97%。结论该制剂治疗外阴白斑疗效确切,使用安全方便。     

康妇凝胶联合中药洗剂治疗外阴白斑

目的 评价康妇凝胶联合中药妇舒灵洗剂治疗外阴白斑的疗效.方法 将2018年6月-2020年6月在我院就诊的外阴白斑患者分为观察组50例和对照组50例,观察组给予中药妇舒灵坐浴+康妇凝胶外涂,对照组给予中药妇舒灵坐浴,4周后复诊观察治疗效果.结果 观察组治疗有效率达92％,对照组治疗有效率80％,两者相比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).而且随访发现,观察组三个月复发率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 康妇凝胶和中药妇舒灵有协同作用,对于外阴白斑的治疗效果显著,复发率低.值得推广.     

康妇凝胶联合中药洗剂治疗外阴白斑

目的 评价康妇凝胶联合中药妇舒灵洗剂治疗外阴白斑的疗效.方法 将2018年6月-2020年6月在我院就诊的外阴白斑患者分为观察组50例和对照组50例,观察组给予中药妇舒灵坐浴+康妇凝胶外涂,对照组给予中药妇舒灵坐浴,4周后复诊观察治疗效果.结果 观察组治疗有效率达92％,对照组治疗有效率80％,两者相比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).而且随访发现,观察组三个月复发率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 康妇凝胶和中药妇舒灵有协同作用,对于外阴白斑的治疗效果显著,复发率低.值得推广.     

国产氯苯扎利的药效学研究

氯苯扎利（Ｌｏｂ，２５，５０与１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１）对大鼠角叉菜胶足肿胀、棉球内芽肿均无明显抑制作用。而Ｌｏｂ三种剂量与二种给药方案对佐剂性关节炎（ＡＡ）大鼠的多发性关节肿胀均有明显的防治作用，并能使ＡＡ大鼠低下的脾细胞ＣｏｎＡ增殖反应恢复正常，还能使ＡＡ大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞（ＰＭΦ）升高的ＩＬ－１水平降低。在环磷酰胺（Ｃｙ）诱导溶血素抗体生成低下或增高的小鼠模型上，Ｌｏｂ均呈现反向调节作用。Ｌｏｂ（０．００１～１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）对正常小鼠脾细胞的ＣｏｎＡ增殖反应具有低浓度促进和高浓度抑制的双向调节作用。     

国产尼美舒利的药效学研究

本文研究了国产尼美舒利在小鼠、大鼠及家兔体内的抗炎、镇痛和解热作用.结果表明.尼美舒利抑制巴豆油致小鼠耳廓肿胀(ED_(50)为49.2mg·kg~(-1));抑制角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿(ED_(50)为2.75mg·kg(-1));0.6mg·kg~(-1)剂量对大鼠佐剂关节炎有显著预防和治疗作用。100mg·kg~(-1)对小鼠醋酸扭体法的抑制率为68％;对热板法致痛的痛阈提高率为55％。ip给药对蛋白胨致家兔发热的解热作用.其最小有效剂量为2mg·kg~(-1);5mg·kg~(-1)ig可显著降低啤酒酵母致大鼠升高的体温.证实国产尼美舒利具有很强的抗炎、镇痛和解热作用。     

穿心莲内酯衍生物DAP-Na的药效学研究

目的考察穿心莲内酯衍生物DAP-Na的解热、抗炎、抗菌作用.方法采用干酵母致大鼠发热及内毒素致家兔发热两种模型观察DAP-Na的解热作用;蛋清致大鼠足肿胀及二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀两种炎症模型观察DAP-Na的抗炎作用;试管培养法观察DAP-Na的抗菌作用.结果DAP-Na量效关系明显:300,150mg/kg对干酵母所致的大鼠发热及内毒素所致的家兔发热均有良好的解热作用;400,200,100mg/kg对蛋清所致的大鼠足肿胀及二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀均有良好抗炎作用;试管培养法观察显示DAP-Na对大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、金葡菌及肺炎球菌均无作用.结论 DAP-Na有较好的解热及抗炎作用,但体外无抗菌作用.     

海藻提取物对实验性高脂大鼠模型的药效学研究

目的：观察海藻提取物对实验性高脂血症大鼠模型的降脂和抗氧化作用。方法：取６０只雄性ＳＤ大鼠，分６组，除对照组外，无喂高脂饲料。给药组同时还以灌胃给药，第１７天取血，测定各组血清中的ＴＣ，ＴＧ，ＨＤＬ，ＭＤＡ和ＳＯＤ。结果：实验结果表明，与高脂模型组比较，海藻提取物组的ＴＣ，ＴＧ和ＭＤＡ水平降低，而ＨＤＬ和ＳＯＤ的水平增高，且有显著差异。     

岩黄连提取物主要药效学及急性毒性试验

目的：研究岩黄连提取物与主治功能相关的主要药效学指标及安全性。方法：通过岩黄连提取物对四氯化碳和对乙酰氨基酚所致急性肝损伤的保护作用，对大鼠胆汁流量、免疫功能的影响进行了研究，同时进行急性毒性试验。结果：岩黄连提取物大剂量能明显减轻肝组织受损程度，对对乙酰氨基酚所致的急性肝损伤也有一定的保护作用，能明显提高细胞吞噬功能；岩黄连提取物的LD50为298．5mg·kg^-1。结论：岩黄连提取物有显著的保护肝脏等作用，且毒性较小。     

二氢黄酮类衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

目的 设计合成一系列全新二氢黄酮类化合物,并评价其抗肿瘤活性。方法 以间二甲苯为原料,经硝化、还原、水解、缩合等反应制得目标化合物。采用SRB法、MTT法,以顺铂为阳性对照药,以人肿瘤细胞Bel-7402、HL-60、BGC-823和KB为测试细胞株对目标化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性评价。 结果与结论 合成了 11 个二氢黄酮类化合物,目标化合物的结构经质谱、核磁共振氢谱确证。化合物5b、5c、5d、5f、5h对人肿瘤细胞KB具有很好的抑制活性,化合物5f、5h同时也对人肿瘤细胞Bel-7402、BGC-823 具有一定的抑制作用。     

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of famotidine in patients with reflux oesophagitis

Summary The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic effect and clinical efficacy of famotidine were studied in 10 patients with reflux oesophagitis Grades I and II. For the pharmacokinetic studies the patients received 20 mg famotidine i. v.The half-life of famotidine was 3.8 h, the total plasma clearance was 297 ml·min^–1, and a steady state volume of distribution of 1.21·kg^–1 was found. For pharmacodynamic assessment, intraoesophageal pH-metry was performed without and after acute treatment with famotidine 20 mg i. v. and following 3 weeks of oral famotidine 80 mg b. d. The resultant percentage total acid exposure time (pH<4 within 24 h) were 23.9%, 19.0% and 19.2% (median), respectively (NS). At the end of 6 weeks of oral therapy, symptomatic and endoscopic improvement had occurred in 9 and 5 patients, respectively.Our study shows that the pharmacokinetics of famotidine in patients with reflux oesophagitis is comparable to that in healthy volunteers and peptic ulcer patients. The clinical response to the treatment appeared comparable to that found after other H₂-receptor antagonists.     

降糖搽剂药效学研究与毒性作用测定

目的：通过降糖搽剂对皮肤用药的药效学研究以了解它是否优于口服用药以及了解它对局部用药的毒性强弱。方法：按内分泌系统药物药效学指导原则中的胰岛类及降糖药试验方法和局部用药的毒性试验方法进行。结果：降糖搽剂对大鼠和家兔皮肤给药降血糖试验表明：以3.2mg/kg,4.8mg/kg,8mg/kg(临床用量7、10、16倍）给药，对正常大鼠和家兔降血糖用量分别为20%、30%、50%及10%、20%、30%。另外，对大鼠和家兔糖耐量试验表明：以3.2mg/kg的对大鼠和家兔糖耐量都没有降低的作用。毒性作用测定结果表明：本品对家兔皮肤急性毒性不引起动物死亡，对豚鼠不致敏，对家兔皮肤无刺激作用。结论：降糖搽剂对大鼠和家兔皮肤用药的药效学作用比口服用药的药效学作用强。     

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cisatracurium in critically ill patients with severe sepsis

AIM

To characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of cisatracurium in critically ill patients with severe sepsis.

METHODS

Blood samples were collected before and over 8 h after a single bolus dose of cisatracurium 0.1 mg kg⁻¹. Neuromuscular block was assessed by accelerometric peripheral nerve stimulation (TOF Watch). Plasma concentration and neuromuscular block data were fitted using population analysis.

RESULTS

Steady-state volume of distribution was determined to be 111 ± 71 ml kg⁻¹ and plasma clearance was 5.2 ± 1.8 ml min⁻¹ kg⁻¹ in these patients with greater inter-patient variability compared with other populations. The time to maximum block (8.3 ± 2.9 min) and delay time of transferring from central to effect compartment (17.2 min) was much longer, while the maximum block (95.0 ± 6.3%) was less compared with those in other patient populations. The effect compartment concentration resulting in 50% of maximum effect (128 ± 58 ng ml⁻¹) was larger than previously described.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that standard dosing of cisatracurium in patients with severe sepsis results in a slower patient response with a reduced effect. Use of a larger dose may overcome this reduced delayed response.     

Steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cysteamine bitartrate in paediatric nephropathic cystinosis patients

AIMS: Cysteamine is used to reduce tissue cystine content in patients suffering from nephropathic cystinosis. The objectives of the current study were to investigate pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cysteamine bitartrate in children and young adults with nephropathic cystinosis. METHODS: Cysteamine bitartrate was administered to 11 cystinosis patients at their regular dose level in a single-dose, open-label, steady-state study. Blood samples were collected and analysed for plasma cysteamine and white blood cell cystine content and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters estimated by NONMEM analysis using a linked pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. RESULTS: Cysteamine was rapidly cleared from the plasma (mean CL/F = 32.3 ml min(-1) kg(-1), range = 17.3-52.2), appeared to be extensively distributed (mean Vss/F = 15.1 l, range 2.7-32.3) and exhibited a mean Tmax of 1.4 h. White blood cell cystine content post-dosing was significantly decreased compared with pre- and post-dose values (average decrement approximately 47%). A counter-clockwise hysteresis was noted in all patients, suggestive of a lag time (mean Tlag = 0.44 h, range 0.22-0.92) between drug concentration and effect. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study establish that cysteamine is rapidly cleared from the plasma but that an every 6 h dosing interval adequately maintains white blood cell cystine content below the target of 1 nmol cystine per mg protein.