经导管射频电消蚀治疗房室结折返性心动过速的疗效观察

采用射频电消蚀(RFCA)对14例房室结双径路(AVNDP)合并房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)患者进行房室结改良术.结果是,13例房室结双径路电生理特征及房室结折返性心动过速诱发窗口消失,成功率达92.8%(13/14),无严重并发症.随访l～12月,2例复发.表明采用RFCA治疗AVNRT效果良好,且无副作用.     

快速性心律失常的射频消融治疗(附119例临床分析)

采用射频消融(RFCA)治疗快速性心律失常119例,其中旁道(AP)参与的房室折返性心动过速(AVRT)62例,房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)47例,特发性室性心动过速(简称室速)5例,心房颤动(简称房颤)2例,心房扑动(简称房扑)2例,房性心动过速(简称房速)1例.119例患者中男61例,女58例,年龄39±13(11～67)岁.心动过速发作史6个月～39年.     

房室结折返性心动过速慢径消融术后复发原因分析

目的探讨房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)导管射频电消融(RFCA)术后复发的原因。方法对行导管射频电消融术100例慢快型房室结折返性心动过速患者进行随访,回顾性分析其心电生理和临床资料。结果100例患者中复发10例,复发率为10%。复发病例中7例术后慢径残存,未复发病例中3例慢径残存,慢径残存患者复发率高。未复发病例消融后的快径前传有效不应期(FPERP)较消融前缩短,分别为(277±41)m s和(318±46)m s(P<0.05);而复发病例消融后的快径前传有效不应期(FPERP)较消融前无明显缩短,分别为(298±48)m s和(311±56)m s(P>0.05)。复发病例心内电生理特点复杂多变,多种类型房室结折返性心动过速多见,未复发病例多为单纯典型房室结折返性心动过速。结论房室结折返性心动过速复发的电生理基础仍然是房室结双径路,房室结折返性心动过速复发与慢径残存及复杂的房室结、慢径结构有关。     

基层医院开展射频消融治疗室上性心动过速的体会(附52例临床报告)

目的:总结基层医院开展射频消融(RFCA)治疗阵发性室上性心动过速(PSVT)的经验和教训.方法:对52例PSVT进行射频消融,其中房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)24例,房室折返型心动过速(AVRT)28例,均先行心内电生理检查,寻找最佳靶点进行消融.结果:消融总成功率98%,无1例严重并发症,随访1～20个月无1例复发.结论:基层医院开展射频消融治疗PSVT时充分的人才、技术及设备是提高成功率的关键.     

690例快速心律失常的射频消融回顾分析

目的总结射频消融(RFCA)治疗快速心律失常病人的经验,提高其临床疗效和安全性.方法回顾分析690例快速心律失常的射频消融治疗,其中房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)260例,房室折返性心动过速(AVRT)385例,特发性室性心动过速(IVT)45例.结果经射频消融治疗后成功率为98.4%,复发率为1.3%,并发症发生率为3.5%.其中AVRT成功率为98.7%,AVNRT成功率为99.6%,IVT成功率为98.0%.结论RFCA治疗快速心律失常安全有效,成功率高.     

射频消融术治疗阵发性室上性心动过速

目的 总结12例射频消融术(RFCA)治疗室上性心动过速(SVT)临床资料。方法 用RFCA技术治疗难治性SVT。结果 房室折返性心动过速9例，共10条旁道皆消融成功，成功率100％，房室结折返性心动过速(AVNT)3例，成功率100％，本组无1例严重并发症，随访2个月—10个月，无1例复发。结论 RFCA为治疗SVT安全有效方法，有条件基层医院可以开展此项技术。     

射频消融治疗阵发性室上性心动过速

目的总结射频消融(RFCA)治疗阵发性室上性心动过速的经验。方法分析71例阵发性室上性心动过速病人的RFCA过程,其中房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)45例,房室折返性心动过速(AVRT)26例。结果消融成功69例(97.2%),失败2例(2.8%),复发2例(2.8%),并发症2例(2.8%)。结论RFCA是治疗阵发性室上性心动过速安全、有效的方法。     

经导管射频消融改良房室结治疗房室结折返性心动过速

报道24例病人经射频消融(RFCA)慢径改良房室结治疗房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)的研究结果。RFCA后24例病人均不再诱发AVNRT(100％),其中23例慢径传导消失(95.8％),1例慢径传导明显减慢(4.2％)。认为RFCA改良慢径对房室和室房传导没有明显影响,其消融成功的可能预测指标为:X线影象消融电极位于房室结后下部、消融电极图A/V<0.4,放电出现交界性早搏或并行性交界性心律。     

房室结慢径消融术后快径前传不应期的变化及其意义

房室结折返性心动过速 (AVNRT)是室上性心动过速中最常见的一种。而房室结双径路是形成 AVNRT的电生理基础 ,经导管射频消融术 (RFCA)改良房室结后 ,分析房室结快径路前传有效不应期的变化 ,并探讨其临床意义。1　对象和方法1.1　对象　住院接受 RFCA的慢 -快型 AVNRT患者 5 8(男 19,女 39)例 ,年龄 14～ 71(4 8± 14)岁 ,心动过速发作史 3个月～ 34 (13± 10 )年。心动过速时心率 130～ 2 0 0 / m in。并发高血压病 4例 ,冠心病 3例。凡并发房室附加旁路或AVNRT行快径消融者以及资料不完整者均未入选。1.2　电生理检查及 RFCA…     

冠状动脉狭窄程度及PCI术对冠心病患者心率变异性的影响

目的 探讨冠心病患者冠状动脉病变狭窄对心率变异性(HRV)的影响.观察冠心痛患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后HRV变化,评估PCI对冠心痛预后的影响.方法 将经冠状动脉造影证实冠状动脉管腔狭窄50%～70%定为中度狭窄组(43例),>70%定为重度狭窄组(22例),结合临床情况排除冠心痛诊断者50例作为正常组.术前行24 h动态心电图,计算HRV时域指标.结果 中、重度狭窄组HRV指标中正常R-R间期标准差(SDNN)、每5min间期平均值标准差(SDANN)均低于正常组(P<0.05),重度狭窄组HRV指标中SDNN、sDANN显著低于中度狭窄组(P<0.05).选择经冠状动脉造影证实适合PCI的患者65例,于PCI术前及术后3个月、术后6个月分别测HRV时域指标和频域指标.PCI术后3个月HRV中SDNN、SDANN和高额均较术前改善显著(P<0.05).结论 冠心病患者HRV的降低与冠脉病变狭窄程度有关.     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.