关节腔冲洗治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病疗效观察

目的 观察关节腔冲洗治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的疗效。方法 对68例颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的关节腔内使用大量生理盐水反复冲洗后，注入1％醋酸曲安缩松0．5ml和2％利多卡因0．5ml混合液，两周后复查，观察治疗效果。结果 结构紊乱病显效3例，好转11例，无效4例；滑膜炎显效8例，好转14例，无效1例；骨关节病显效5例，好转11例，无效3例。结论 该疗法对结构紊乱病患者疼痛和开口受限有较好的疗效，但对盘移位引起的弹响则效果欠佳。激素的使用不宜次数过多，应有一定的适应症。     

透明质酸钠关节腔内注射治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的疗效分析

目的　比较透明质酸钠颞下颌关节上腔注射和上下腔注射对颞下颌关节紊乱病的疗效。方法　纳入294 例颞下颌关节紊乱病患者,随机分为两组。一组186例采用颞下颌关节上腔注射透明质酸钠,另一组108例采用上下腔注射。用回顾性队列研究方法比较两组疗效的差异。结果　上下腔注射组患者开口度平均增加6·29 mm,上腔注射组平均增加3·82 mm,两组间有显著差异(P=0·001)。上下腔注射组患者关节疼痛平均缓解44%,关节上腔注射组平均缓解37%,两组间有显著差异(P=0·039)。结论　透明质酸钠注射对颞下颌关节紊乱病确有疗效,其中关节上下腔同时注射较单纯上腔注射可更有效缓解患者的关节疼痛和改善张口度,该趋势在骨关节炎和关节盘不可复性前移位患者更为明显。     

中老年颞下颌关节紊乱病关节镜手术治疗

颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorders,TMD)是口腔科的常见病及多发病.部分病例病程迁延,经久不愈,严重影响口颌系统的功能.近年来,颞下颌关节镜手术治疗TMD已被普遍接受,作为介于保守治疗与开放性手术治疗之间的治疗方法,创伤小,并发症少,患者易于接受,在一定程度上可作为部分开放性手术的替代治疗手段.     

润滑功能与颞下颌关节紊乱病

颞下颌关节是具有复杂运动的联动关节，其长期的健康状态与润滑功能密不可分。其有关的润滑机理包括滑液、关节盘和关节软骨等方面。关节内自由基过多可以导致润滑功能障碍，颞下颌关节紊乱病与润滑功能障碍密切相关。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病的治疗

关于因素是否颢下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)病因之一,以及TMD的治疗,现存在着各种争议.本文回顾了有关研究及观点.目前,无论是动物实验研究,还是临床实验研究,都不足以作出因素是TMD病因之一的结论.但是, 治疗在TMD临床治疗中占有重要地位,且发挥重要作用:调能有效地缓解慢性头痛,颈痛及肩部痛; 治疗对减轻TMD患者的肌肉疼痛也显示理想效果;调位咬合板能消除一部分关节弹响.进一步探索TMD的因素,正确掌握TMD 治疗的适应证及客观科学地评价治疗的临床效果是我们今后研究的课题.     

颞下颌关节紊乱病诊断标准的研究进展

颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorders,TMDs)是临床常见病但是病因复杂,相应的颞下颌关节紊乱病的诊断标准也在不停演变.本文围绕由RDC/TMD到DC/TMD的改进,DC/TMD的临床应用实施进行综述,并对未来可能的发展进行展望.     

润滑功能与颞下颌关节紊乱病

颞下颌关节是具有复杂运动的联动关节,其长期的健康状态与润滑功能密不可分。其有关的润滑机理包括滑液、关节盘和关节软骨等方面。关节内自由基过多可以导致润滑功能障碍,颞下颌关节紊乱病与润滑功能障碍密切相关。     

关节腔内注射醋酸强的松龙治疗颞下颌关节紊乱81例

<正> 对以疼痛、弹响、张口受限为主要症状的颞下颌关节紊乱病,一般首选可进行保守治疗。关节腔内注射醋酸强的松龙,即其中方法之一。我们通过设计问卷对颞下颌关节紊乱病患者150例发信进行随访,共得回信96封,应答率为64％,其中81例为接受过醋酸强的松龙关节腔内注射。现对醋酸强的松龙关节腔内注射的近期疗效及影响因素报道如下。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病磁共振诊断的研究

目的:研究MRI对颞下颌紊乱病诊断的准确性和可信性.方法:利用MRI对19例单侧关节疼痛颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)患者38侧关节完成开闭口斜矢状位T1和T2加权成像,观察盘突关系、盘形态改变及关节腔内积液情况.利用关节镜诊断为金标准判定MRI诊断的准确率.同期行灌洗术治疗,分析治疗前后不同时期患者的疼痛值(疼痛直观模拟标尺VAS)变化.结果:MRI检查结果显示在患侧89.47%(17/19)显示不可复性关节盘移位,10.53%(2/19)显示可复性关节盘移位,47.37%(9/19)关节上腔前隐窝出现积液.在健侧15.79%(3/19)显示可复性关节盘移位,无不可复性关节盘移位和腔内积液出现.通过关节镜手术对患侧进行检查,关节盘移位在MRI片上均得到证实,MRI检查的准确率为100%,灌洗术后疼痛100%有显著缓解(P<0.001).结论:颞下颌关节紊乱病与关节盘移位和腔内积液密切相关,通过MRI检查可以准确有效的对颞下颌紊乱病进行诊断,灌洗术对关节疼痛治疗效果显著.     

关节镜上腔灌洗术治疗中老年颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床研究

目的：评价应用颞下颌关节镜上腔灌洗术治疗临床表现为张口受限合并关节区疼痛的中老年颞颌关节紊乱病患者的临床疗效。方法：对保守治疗无效的16例颞下颌关节紊乱病引起张口受限合并关节疼痛的中老年患者,行颞下颌关节镜上腔灌洗术,分析治疗前后不同时期患者的疼痛值（疼痛直观模拟标尺VAS）、张口度和健侧侧向运动度变化,并通过MRI检测治疗前后关节盘位置的变化。结果：治疗后张口度35mm、健侧侧向运动≥6mm的患者占87．5％（14／16）,不同时期的张口度均较治疗前有显著差异（P〈0．001）,特别在治疗后1个月内增加明显,疼痛亦有显著缓解（P〈0．001）,无并发症的发生。MRI显示,有1例患者的关节盘部分复位。结论：颞下颌关节内窥镜下的上腔灌洗术直视下操作准确,能有效治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的患者,明显改善张口度和缓解疼痛。颞下颌关节镜治疗技术安全有效,有临床应用价值。     

TMJ arthroscopic surgery: an analysis of 237 patients

Two hundred thirty-seven patients (419 temporomandibular joints) who had undergone arthroscopic surgery were retrospectively studied with a mean follow-up of 10.5 months (range 1 to 33 months). These results confirmed those of previous short-term studies on successful arthroscopic surgery.     

Developments of the new instruments for TMJ arthroscopic surgery.

A large and clearly visible operating area is essential for successful arthroscopic surgery of the temporomandibular joint. The keys to a successful operation are the safe and accurate positioning of a large scope and multiple cannulations, overcoming blind areas. We developed some instruments to resolve these problems; i.e., scopes with a large diameter for high resolution, a triangulation instrument for multiple cannulations, a needle set-up jig for disk traction suture, a step cannulation system and a two-channel cannula for operating in the narrow lower joint space and a fixing jig for cannulas in the upper and lower joint space to observe the same portion of the discal tissue from both joint space during disk suturing. From our experience in applying systematic procedures using these instruments in 37 arthroscopic surgeries, it is possible for this procedure to be done under a visual field and the surgical time considerably shortened.     

颞下颌关节盘前移位和穿孔的关节内窥镜研究

目的 :探讨颞下颌关节内窥镜下颞下颌关节盘移位和关节盘穿孔的病理改变特征。方法 :76例 84侧临床诊断为颞下颌关节盘前移位以及关节盘穿孔的病例进行颞下颌关节内窥镜检查。结果 :可复性关节盘前移位的病例出现滑膜炎 ,关节腔内有絮状物 ,关节结节表面有纤维形成。不可复性关节结节表面纤维形成 ,关节软骨软化 ,软骨剥脱 ,同时伴有纤维粘连。关节盘穿孔大多数位于双板区与后带。关节盘穿孔出现滑膜增生 ,关节窝及关节结节表面纤维形成 ,软骨剥脱甚至骨质暴露。结论 :关节内窥镜检查可诊断关节盘前移位与关节盘穿孔 ,并能发现病理性改变 ,如滑膜炎 ,滑膜增生 ,纤维变性 ,软骨软化 ,关节内粘连等。在不可复性盘前移位病例中发现关节退行性改变 ,关节盘穿孔为严重的骨关节病。     

髁突位置形态CBCT表现与疼痛关系的研究

选择单侧颞下颌关节疼痛的患者42名,对其双侧关节CBCT影像进行对比分析,发现颞下颌关节病所致疼痛与髁突后移位及髁突骨质破坏相关;髁突骨质破坏期较修复期更易引起疼痛.CBCT能很好的反映髁突位置及形态变化,提高临床诊断率.     

后牙缺失者髁突X线影象特征及其影响因素分析

目的 :探讨Schuller位片和侧位体层摄影片显示的髁突X线特征的临床意义。方法 :先对 2 5例颞颌关节紊乱症患者和 88例缺牙修复患者分别拍摄Schuller位片和双侧TMJ侧位体层摄影片 ,然后对 2组患者分别进行临床症状 (缺牙情况及咬合干扰情况 )的检查记录 ,对 2组患者的X线影像进行对称性、骨质变化情况的记录 ,再将 2片所显示的髁突影像情况和临床检查结果之间作相关性分析。结果 :髁突形态不对称比例及骨质变化比例 ,各组之间无明显的差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;髁突形态异常者 ,成对缺牙数较多 ,与年龄无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;颞颌关节紊乱症症状与咬合紊乱症成正相关关系 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :TMJ形态及骨质变化与TMD临床症状和体征的关系并不密切 ,后牙缺失后久未修复所导致的各种咬合干扰与TMD有明显的相关关系     

Evaluation of psychological factors in orthodontic patients with TMD as applied to the "TMJ Scale"

Physical and psychological evaluation have been required for TMD patients whose problems are multi dimensional. The questionnaire named the "TMJ Scale" was created to differentiate subjective TMD symptoms of patients. The purpose of this study was to clarify the reliability of the TMJ Scale for Japanese orthodontic patients with TMD and to differentiate the symptoms. Fifty orthodontic patients (average age 21y4m) with a chief complaint of TMD symptoms were compared with thirty patients (average age 21y1m) without TMD symptoms. The results were as follows: female patients in the symptom group in particular showed a higher degree of stress due to the chronic pain and abnormalities than those in the non-symptom group. Significant differences were observed in Pain Report, Joint Dysfunction and Global Scale at the 0.1% significant level, in Non-TM Disorder, Psychological Factor and Chronicity at the 1% level, and in Palpation Pain and Perceived Malocclusion at the 5% level in females. Few psychological problems were observed in male patients in the symptom group. Significant differences were observed in Range of Motion limitation at the 5% level in males. The differences in the psychological factors between male and female patients were clarified by using the TMJ Scale. These findings suggested that it was useful to differentiate the multiple symptoms, especially the psychological factors, by using the TMJ Scale for orthodontic patients with TMD.     

Outcome Measurement for Treated and Untreated TMD Patients Using the TMJ Scale

Changes in symptom profiles of two groups of treated and untreated temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients were measured using the TMJ Scale^TM.' Forty-nine consecutive TMD patients were included in the study. Of these, 29 patients were treated using splint therapy, physical therapy, counseling, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) medications. Patients completed the TMJ Scale questionnaire prior to treatment and at completion of the TMD therapy. Sixty-five patients were not treated in any manner, having completed the questionnaire during an initial diagnostic study and having declined treatment. They were contacted by mail at least four months later and asked to complete the second questionnaire if they had not received any treatment. Twenty untreated patients returned the completed questionnaire. The initial scale scores for the two groups were similar. Comparison of the two tests of both groups revealed the treated group improved significantly, while the untreated group remained unchanged, except for a statistically non-significant increase of scale scores (increased symptom severity) for joint dysfunction and range of motion limitation. Younger patients responded more favorably to therapy than older patients. The findings do not support the conclusions of the few previous studies that found TMD are often self-limiting and rarely progress to chronic intracapsular derangement. The findings strongly support the hypothesis that symptom improvement was related to treatment and not solely to the passage of time.