术后放化疗治疗中晚期食管癌

目的:评价术后放化疗在中晚期食管癌治疗中的作用.方法:2003-2005年间78例符合手术标准的食管癌患者术前随机分为术后放化疗组(A组,38例)和单纯手术组(B组,40例),术后根据患者要求进行了微调(各有2例进行了互换),实际入组:A组38例和B组40例.对比并发症、局部复发率、远处转移率及生存率.结果:平均随访41.7个月,两组对比,并发症差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).A组局部复发及转移率低于B组(P＜0.05).A组与B组中位生存期比较差异有统计学意义(40 vs 33,P＜0.05),二组1年生存率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但3、5年生存率比较A组优于B组(P＜0.05).结论:合理应用术后放化疗可有效提高中晚期食管癌患者的长期生存率.     

术前同步放化疗在局部晚期宫颈癌治疗中的应用

目的:分析术前同步放化疗治疗局部晚期宫颈癌的可行性及其疗效。方法:将1995年11月～2008年12月期间,汕头大学医学院附属肿瘤医院收治的259 例宫颈肿瘤最大径>4cm的ⅠB2～ⅡB 期宫颈癌患者分为3 组,其中术前同步放化疗组（A组）64例,术前单纯放疗组（B 组）73例,直接手术组（C 组）122 例,对比A 组和B 组术前放化疗或放疗后宫颈肿块消退情况、不良反应,以及A 组、B 组和C 组3 组术后病理分析宫颈浸润、宫旁浸润、阴道浸润、脉管浸润、淋巴结转移情况及患者生存情况分析。结果:宫颈肿块体积术前同步放化疗组术前放化疗后较术前单纯放疗组术前放疗后明显缩小,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;术前同步放化疗组骨髓抑制及胃肠道反应与术前单纯放疗组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 术后病理分析显示术前同步放化疗组宫颈浸润明显少于术前单纯放疗组及直接手术组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;脉管浸润术前同步放化疗组明显少于术前单纯放疗组及直接手术组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;但宫旁浸润、阴道残端浸润及盆腔淋巴结转移的发生率各组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;生存情况分析3 组1、3、5 年生存率无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论:局部晚期宫颈癌患者术前行同步放化疗其疗效肯定,且安全可行,值得进一步研究。      

术后放化疗治疗中晚期食管癌

目的：评价术后放化疗在中晚期食管癌治疗中的作用。方法：2003-2005年间78例符合手术标准的食管癌患者术前随机分为术后放化疗组（A组,38例）和单纯手术组（B组,40例）,术后根据患者要求进行了微调（各有2例进行了互换）,实际入组：A组38例和B组40例。对比并发症、局部复发率、远处转移率及生存率。结果：平均随访41.7个月,两组对比,并发症差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。A组局部复发及转移率低于B组（P〈0.05）。A组与B组中位生存期比较差异有统计学意义（40vs33,P〈0.05）,二组1年生存率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但3、5年生存率比较A组优于B组（P〈0.05）。结论：合理应用术后放化疗可有效提高中晚期食管癌患者的长期生存率。     

ⅠB～Ⅲ期胃癌术后患者同步放化疗和单纯化疗的疗效研究

目的 探讨ⅠB-Ⅲ期胃癌术后患者同步放化疗和单纯化疗的不同疗效.方法 随机抽取115例胃癌根治术并完成术后辅助治疗的ⅠB-Ⅲ期胃癌患者,按照临床治疗方法不同将患者分为同步放化疗组(58例)和单纯化疗组(57例).同步放化疗组患者进行3个周期的mFOLFOX方案化疗,化疗结束后2周,进行放疗.单纯化疗组患者化疗药物及时间同同步放化疗组.患者随访2年.观察患者生活质量评分情况、不良反应发生情况、生存情况、远处转移情况、复发情况.结果 两组患者生活质量评分(吞咽困难、疼痛、反流、进食受限、焦虑、口干、脱发)比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组患者不良反应比较,同步放化疗组患者恶心、呕吐、腹泻、手足综合征发生率高于单纯化疗组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).同步放化疗组患者2年生存率、3年生存率高于单纯化疗组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组患者1年生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).同步放化疗组患者3年局部复发率低于单纯化疗组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组患者3年远处转移率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 ⅠB-Ⅲ期胃癌术后患者同步放化疗对患者生活质量无明显影响,能够增高患者2年、3年生存率,减少局部复发,但不良反应恶心、呕吐、腹泻、手足综合征发生率较高,临床需引起重视.     

Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌术后放疗加化疗的疗效分析

目的:探讨Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者术后放疗加化疗的临床意义.方法:回顾性分析102例Ⅲa期NSCLC患者术后放疗与单纯手术治疗的生存率及复发情况.其中术后放疗加化疗76例,单纯手术26例.结果:术后放化疗组和单纯手术组5年的生存率分别为32.2%和9.1%,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).术后放化疗组的5年局控率为73.7%(56/76),明显高于单纯手术组的53.8%(14/26),P＜0.05.术后5年远处转移率放化疗组为50.0%(38/76),单纯手术组为61.5%(16/26),两组比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:本组资料提示,对Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌术后患者行放疗加化疗,可以提高生存率,且治疗方式、N分期、血红蛋白为生存率的独立预后因素.     

TNM因素对非小细胞肺癌治疗效果的影响

目的 探讨肺部原发肿瘤的大小、淋巴结不同区域的转移及有无远处转移对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)综合治疗效果的影响.方法 回顾性分析手术治疗的987例NSCLC患者的临床资料,将其中以手术+化、放疗的574例患者与单纯手术治疗的413例患者进行对比分析.结果 全组患者的1、3、5、10年生存率分别为87.7%、57.5%、54.6%和54.5%.其中综合治疗组的1年生存率高于单纯手术组(P<0.01).在T4患者中,手术+放疗组的5年生存率高于单纯手术组(P<0.05).在N0患者中,手术+化疗组、手术+放疗组与单纯手术组比较,1年生存率差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);在N1患者中,手术+化疗组、手术+放化疗组与单纯手术组比较,1年生存率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);在N2患者中,手术+化疗组与单纯手术组比较,1年和3年生存率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).结论 对于NSCLC患者,以手术为主的综合治疗疗效优于单纯手术.对T4患者应加强术后局部放疗,对NO和N1患者应辅以适度化、放疗,对N2患者则应强调辅以足够的化疗.     

放化疗联合生物靶向治疗对乳腺癌早期改良根治术后患者远期生存率的影响

目的 分析放化疗联合生物靶向治疗对乳腺癌早期改良根治术后患者远期生存率的影响.方法 选取乳腺癌早期改良根治术患者86例,将其随机分为对照组与联合组,对照组患者术后行放化疗(多西紫杉醇结合顺铂化疗+三维适形放疗)辅助治疗,联合组在对照组基础上行生物靶向(曲妥珠单抗)治疗,对比两组患者术后并发症发生率及生活质量,比较两组患者术后1年、3年局部复发率、远处转移率、生存率.结果 联合组患者并发症发生率(4.65％)明显低于对照组(44.19％),差异显著(P<0.05);联合组术后生活质量各指标评分均高于对照组,差异明显(P<0.05);两组患者治疗后1年复发率、远处转移率、生存率比较均无明显差异(P>0.05);联合组术后3年远处转移率、复发率均低于对照组,但差异不明显(P>0.05).结论 乳腺癌早期改良根治术后患者实施放化疗联合生物靶向治疗可有效减少并发症提高其生活质量,远期生存率较好,可在临床上推广应用.     

局部进展期胃癌术后单纯化疗与同步放化疗疗效与安全性的对比研究

目的比较局部进展期胃癌根治术后同步放化疗及与单纯化疗的临床疗效与安全性。方法回顾2008年1月至2011年12月沛县人民医院126例局部进展期胃癌根治术后患者临床资料,其中63例术后采用放疗同步替吉奥序贯4~6周期奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨(XELOX方案)化疗(放化疗组)。另63例术后仅予以6~8周期XELOX方案化疗(化疗组)。比较两组患者的不良反应发生率,并统计患者5年内生存率及复发率。结果两组患者2年生存率差异无统计学意义(P0.05),3年以上生存率放化疗组高于化疗组(P0.05)。复发率放化疗组低于化疗组(P0.05)。患者的不良反应主要表现在胃肠道、血液系统及肝肾功能方面。与化疗组相比,放化疗组患者Ⅰ~Ⅲ级不良反应发生率较高(P0.05),Ⅳ级不良反应两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论局部进展期胃癌根治术后同步放化疗较单纯化疗可以延长患者5年生存率,降低复发率,不良反应可以耐受。     

高危子宫内膜癌术后序贯放化疗临床疗效分析

目的:探讨序贯放化疗对高危子宫内膜癌术后患者的临床价值.方法:回顾性分析124例术后高危子宫内膜癌患者临床病理及随访资料,其中60例应用紫杉醇+卡铂化疗2个周期后行体外照射+后装治疗,放疗结束后再次给予TC方案化疗2～3个周期(序贯放化疗组),其余64例接受常规辅助放疗(单纯放疗组),观察两组患者的毒副作用、复发率、无疾病进展生存期及生存率.结果:截至2012-04-30,序贯放化疗组中位随访时间为31个月(4～44个月),放疗组为32个月(5～46个月).序贯放化疗组中位无进展生存期29个月(4～45个月),明显高于放疗组的21个月(5～43个月),差异有统计学意义,P=0.044.序贯放化疗组总体复发率(6.9％)显著低于单纯放疗组(14.2％),P=0.022.序贯放化疗组患者3年无进展生存率为93.1％,与常规放疗组(85.8％)比较,差异有统计学意义,P=0.032;但1年的无进展生存率及1、3年总体生存率及复发率两组间差异均无统计学意义,P＞0.05.序贯放化疗组血液系统和周围神经毒性反应发生率明显高于单纯放疗组,但无Ⅳ级化疗毒副作用发生.结论:序贯放化疗治疗高危子宫内膜癌术后患者,可延缓复发、提高近期无进展生存率,且毒性反应可耐受,有临床推广价值.     

同步放化疗与新辅助化疗联合手术加辅助放疗治疗Ⅱb期宫颈癌的对比分析

目的:分析比较根治性放疗联合双药同步化疗与新辅助化疗联合根治性子宫切除术加术后辅助放疗治疗FIGO Ⅱb宫颈癌的复发转移率,无进展生存期(PFS),总生存期(OS),不良反应及预后影响因素.方法:回顾性分析2008年9月至2013年12月期间中南大学湘雅二医院肿瘤中心及妇科收治的初治FIGO Ⅱb期宫颈癌患者,共计91例.按照治疗方式分为两组:①同步放化疗组49例:根治性放疗联合双药同步化疗,3周方案连续4至6周期;②新-术-放疗组42例:先予以2至3周期新辅助化疗,然后行根治性子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术加术后辅助放疗.比较两种治疗方式的疗效及不良反应有无差异,并通过Cox回归模型分析影响预后的因素.结果:同步放化疗组和新-术-放疗组5年无进展生存率分别为80.8%、74.6%,总生存分别为85.6%、81.8%,两组间5年无进展生存率及总生存差异均无统计学意义(分别为P=0.43和P=0.62).同步放化疗组随访期间6例患者(12.24%)出现死亡,新-术-放疗组7例(16.67%)患者死亡,两组之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.55).同步放化疗组2例(4.08%)患者出现复发和(或)转移,新-术-放疗组4例(9.52%)出现复发和(或)转移,两组之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.42).Ⅲ-Ⅳ级近期毒副反应同步放化疗组出现3例(6.12%),新-术-放疗组出现2例(4.76%),两组之间差异无统计学意义(P=1);远期毒副反应中,无Ⅲ级及以上的慢性放射性反应发生,同步放化疗组4例(8.16%)患者出现放射性肠炎,新-术-放疗组同样4例(9.52%)患者出现放射性肠炎,另外2例(4.76%)患者出现下肢水肿,两组之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.50).Cox回归比例风险模型分析肿瘤直径大于4 cm是无进展生存期和总生存期的预后不良因素(P均<0.05).结论:同步放化疗与新辅助化疗联合根治性手术加术后辅助放疗治疗FIGO Ⅱb期宫颈癌的复发转移率、无进展生存期及总生存期无统计学意义(P>0.05).同步放化疗与新辅助化疗联合根治性手术加术后辅助放疗治疗FIGO Ⅱb期宫颈癌的近期及远期毒性反应无统计学意义(P>0.05).     

Ⅱ、Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌术后不同辅助治疗方式的疗效分析

目的 评价术后联合放化疗(S+CRT)或术后放疗(S+RT)对Ⅱ、Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌患者疗效和不良反应。方法 收集2007—2010年间行根治术且术后辅助放疗或放化疗的Ⅱ、Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌215例患者资料。Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率并Logrank法检验和单因素预后分析,Cox模型多因素预后分析。结果 S+CRT与S+RT组资料具有可比性(P=0.055~0.988)。随访满1、3、5年者分别为203、133、108例。全组患者1、3、5年OS和DFS分别为94.0%、61.4%、49.3%和74.9%、53.5%、46.7%。患者术前CT显示纵隔淋巴结肿大、术中食管病变与周边组织器官粘连程度、病理N分期、脉管瘤栓、阳性淋巴结个数和治疗方式均为OS影响因素(P=0.000~0.034),患者术前CT显示纵隔淋巴结肿大、术中食管病变与周边组织器官粘连程度、术后残端是否阳性、阳性淋巴结个数和治疗方式均为DFS影响因素(P=0.000~0.049)。S+CRT组OS、DFS均优于S+RT组(P=0.002、0.002)。分层分析显示Ⅱ期患者S+CRT组OS、DFS均高于S+RT组(P=0.041、0.001);N₁期患者S+CRT组OS、DFS也均高于S+RT组(P=0.021、0.024)。S+CRT组≥2级放射性胃炎及骨髓抑制发生率均高于S+RT组(P=0.000、0.015)。结论 Ⅱ、Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌术后患者接受S+CRT及S+RT均具有较好疗效;S+CRT较S+RT能提高Ⅱ期和N₁期患者OS与DFS;S+CRT组不良反应较大但患者均可耐受;但最终结论需前瞻性Ⅲ期随机研究证实。     

Photodynamic therapy as salvage treatment for local failure after chemoradiotherapy in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a phase II study

Local failure at the primary site is a major problem after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Salvage surgery is the only treatment option with curative intent, but it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of salvage photodynamic therapy (PDT) after CRT. Patients with histologically proven local failure limited to the submucosal layer, and without any metastasis after definitive CRT (≥50 Gy) for ESCC were enrolled in the study. PDT began with intravenous administration of 2 mg/kg of porfimer sodium followed 48-72 hr later by excimer dye laser irradiation with a fluence of 75 J/cm2. The primary endpoint was a complete response (CR) to treatment with PDT, and the secondary endpoints were toxicity related to PDT, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Twenty-five patients were enrolled in the study. A CR was attained in 19 of 25 patients treated with PDT (CR rate, 76%; 95% CI, 55-91%). One treatment-related death (4%) caused by gastrointestinal hemorrhage at the irradiated site occurred 33 days after PDT. No adverse events greater than grade 3 were related to PDT in the other patients. After a median follow-up of 48 months after PDT, the PFS and OS at 3 years were 40% (95% CI, 21-59%) and 38% (95% CI, 17-60%), respectively. PDT is a potentially curative and tolerable salvage treatment after CRT for carefully selected patients with local failure without any metastasis.     

Trimodality therapy of esophagectomy plus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy improves the survival of clinical stage II/III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

The prognosis of advanced esophageal cancer patients is poor. Trimodality therapy of surgical resection plus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been developed to improve survival through locoregional control, leading to prevention of micrometastasis. We investigated whether or not neoadjuvant CRT led to survival benefits in TNM stage?II/III esophageal cancer patients. We retrospectively reviewed 62 patients with stage II or III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated with neoadjuvant CRT. All patients received esophagectomy 4-7 weeks after CRT consisting of 40?Gy irradiation and chemotherapy (5-FU, 500?mg/m2/day, days 1-5 and cisplatin, 10-20?mg/body, days 1-5). Clinical response and survival rates were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods, with p<0.05 considered as significant. The clinical effect rate of CRT for both primary tumors and metastatic nodes was 82.3%. Operative and hospital mortality rates were 1.65 and 6.5%, respectively. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 52.6 and 49.2%, respectively. A significant difference was noted between stages?II and III for both OS and DFS. The 5-year OS rates were 64.2% for stage II, 33.1% for stage III (T4 and non-T4) and 46.9% for stage III (non-T4 only) patients. The depth of tumor invasion (T3 vs. T4), resectability (R0 vs. R1, R2), lymph node metastasis (positive vs. negative), and the effect of CRT were proven to be independent prognostic factors for univariate analysis, with resectability and the effect of CRT for multivariate analysis. These data suggest that CRT in stage II/III (non-T4) ESCC patient contributed to tumor shrinkage, leading to higher resectability and longer survival. Neoadjuvant CRT appears to be a promising option for these patients.     

老年营养风险指数对根治性放化疗食管鳞癌患者长期生存的预测价值

  目的  探讨老年营养风险指数（geriatric nutritional risk index,GNRI）对接受根治性放化疗（definitive chemoradiotherapy,dCRT）的食管鳞状细胞癌（esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,ESCC）患者长期生存的预测价值。  方法  共收集2013年1月至2015年12月期间202例在河北医科大学第四医院接受根治性放化疗ESCC患者的临床资料。计算放疗前1周内患者GNRI和预后营养指数（prognostic nutritional index,PNI）,将患者分为高GNRI组（GNRI≥98）和低GNRI组（GNRI<98）。回顾性分析GNRI对无进展生存（progression-free survival,PFS）和总生存（overall survival, OS）的影响。利用R软件建立列线图预测模型,以一致性指数（C-index）和校准曲线评估模型准确度,进一步探索GNRI和N分期、GNRI和PNI联合指标的预后预测价值。  结果  202例患者中,高GNRI组145例（71.8%）,低GNRI组57例（28.2%）。多因素分析显示,N分期、放疗剂量和GNRI是PFS和OS的独立预后因素。根据预后因素分别建立PFS和OS的列线图模型,C-index分别是0.663,0.656,1,3,5年PFS和OS的校准图显示出预测值与实际值具有较好的一致性。将GNRI和N分期联合、GNRI和PNI联合分析时,发现两项指标较单纯GNRI相比,其预测预后生存的精确度显著增加（GNRI、coGNRI-N、coGNRI-PNI的AUROCs=0.628、0.657、0.694）。  结论  GNRI可作为根治性放化疗食管鳞癌患者生存的一个简便高效的预测指标。GNRI联合N分期与GNRI联合PNI可提高预测准确性。      

术后辅助治疗对局部进展期（pT3N0M0）食管鳞癌远期生存影响的回顾性分析

  目的  探讨术后辅助治疗对于pT3N0M0食管鳞癌患者远期生存的影响。  方法  回顾性分析兰州大学第二医院2010年1月至2014年4月收治的食管鳞癌患者资料,并分为4组:单纯手术组,手术+放疗组,手术+化疗组,手术+放化疗组。收集患者的临床病理资料及远期随访结果。  结果  2010年1月至2014年4月共纳入177例患者,中位年龄61（43~78）岁。其中单纯手术组79例,术后辅助治疗组98例,其中手术+放疗组28例,手术+化疗组38例,手术+放化疗组32例。术后辅助治疗的总生存率和无瘤生存率均高于单纯手术组（P=0.012,P=0.007）。组间比较结果显示:手术+放疗组总生存率和无瘤生存率高于单纯手术组（P=0.038,P=0.011）,手术+放化疗组仅总生存率高于单纯手术组（P=0.031）。  结论  pT3N0M0食管鳞癌患者可以从术后辅助放疗和放化疗中获益,尤其放疗可以达到局部区域控制的显著效果。      

食管癌患者同期放化疗顺铂加氟尿嘧啶方案Ⅱ期临床试验

背景与目的：国外已有研究表明,同期放化疗是局部晚期食管癌的标准治疗方案,但国内文献报道同期放化疗的疗效不尽相同,同期放化疗能否提高生存率尚无定论。本研究目的是评价PF方案同期放化疗对食管癌的疗效,并观察毒性。方法：44例食管鳞癌患者随机分为同期放化疗组（简称同期组）和后程加速超分割组（简称后超组）。同期组22例,全程常规分割照射,每天一次,每次2．0Gy,每周5次,25分割,总剂量50Gy。于放疗的第1天开始化疗：顺铂52．5mg／m^2 d1,氟尿嘧啶700mg／m^2 d1-d5,每28d重复,共4周期。后超组22例：总剂量60Gv,前半程30Gv同放化疗组,3周完成;后半程30Gv加速超分割照射,每日2次,间隔至少6h,每次1．5Gy,每周10次,2周完成。结果：同期组有效率高于后超组,分别为95．5％和86．4％,但差异无统计学意义（P=0．607）。同期组2年局控率和2年生存率分别为72．2％和56．7％,后超组分别为39．0％和31．6％。同期组获得了更高的局控率和生存率,但只有局控率差异有统计学意义（P=0．014）。两组的主要急性反应为放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎,晚期反应为食管和肺损伤。两组的急性和晚期反应均较轻。结论：同期放化疗与后程加速超分割相比,显著提高了食管癌局控率,有提高生存率的趋势,毒性可以耐受。     

Liposome-paclitaxel and carboplatin combination chemoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of liposome-paclitaxel and carboplatin combination chemoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Patients and methodsSeventy-nine consecutive patients treated with liposome-paclitaxel based concurrent chemoradiotherapy between January 2015 and December 2019 at Cancer hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang cancer hospital) were enrolled in this study. The overall response, toxicities, progression-free survival and overall survival were analyzed with SPSS software.ResultsA total of 302 cycles of weekly chemotherapy were delivered, with a median 4 courses. After concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), the efficacy was classified as CR in 4 cases (5.1%), PR in 22 cases (28.2%) and SD in 51 cases (65.4%). The median PFS and OS time were 18.2 months and 23.4 months. The 3-year PFS and OS rates were 45.1% and 43.6%, respectively.ConclusionsLiposome-paclitaxel and carboplatin concurrent with radiotherapy is a safe and effective modality for locally advanced ESCC. Further clinical investigation are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of this regimen.     

局部进展期食管鳞癌术前同期放化疗的Ⅱ期临床研究

目的 评价术前同期放化疗联合手术治疗局部进展期食管鳞癌的长期OS率和术后并发症发生率。方法 2007—2013年间共46例食管鳞癌患者入组,化疗方案为顺铂75 mg/m²分3 d静脉滴注;氟尿嘧啶500 mg/m²第1~5天静脉滴注,共1个周期。同期3DCRT 常规分割40 Gy。放疗结束后4周行手术切除。结果 全组46例患者均完成术前放化疗,44例接受手术切除。术前放化疗的临床有效率为94%,不良反应轻微。R₀切除率为96%,pCR率为30%。术后肺部感染、吻合口瘘、声嘶、颈部切口感染、围手术期死亡率分别为14%、7%、5%、2%、2%。全组1、3、5年样本数分别为38、29、27例,OS率分别为84%、54%、45%。pCR组与非pCR组1、3、5年OS率分别为89%、49%、49%和82%、60%、44%(P=0.681)。37例放化疗后降期的1、3、5年OS率分别为94%、68%、57%,稳定+上升的7例分别为43%、0、0(P=0.000)。结论 术前同期放化疗能提高局部进展期食管鳞癌术后疗效,且不增加术后并发症,放化疗后降期患者的长期OS显著提高,但还需大样本观察证实。     

Clusterin as a predictor for chemoradiotherapy sensitivity and patient survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Clusterin (CLU) is frequently overexpressed and correlates closely with chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance and poor prognosis in many human cancers. However, the significance of CLU expression in chemoradiotherapy (CRT) sensitivity and its effect on the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are still unknown. In the present study, we used the methods of immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay to examine the expression status of CLU and apoptotic index in 110 pretreated biopsy specimens of ESCC patients treated with definitive CRT. High expression of CLU was observed in 42.7% of epithelium and 50.0% of stroma in ESCC. A significant association of high CLU stromal expression with large tumor size ( P  =   0.012) and locoregional progression ( P  =   0.001) was observed, and high epithelial expression of CLU showed a significant correlation with the lack of complete response ( P  =   0.028) and low apoptotic index ( P  =   0.001). Univariate analysis revealed that high CLU stromal expression was associated with poor locoregional progression-free survival, distant progression-free survival, and overall survival. Furthermore, ESCC patients with high CLU expression in both epithelium and stroma have the shortest survival time among the subgroups of different CLU expression status. In multivariate analysis, CLU stromal expression was evaluated as an independent prognostic factor for locoregional progression-free survival, distant progression-free survival, and overall survival. These findings suggest an important role for CLU, especially in stroma, in ESCC progression, and that high CLU epithelial expression might be a promising predictor of ESCC resistance to CRT. ( Cancer Sci 2009; 100: 2354–2360)     

Lack of any Prognostic Value of Body Mass Index for Patients Undergoing Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background: The relationship between body mass index(BMI) and outcomes after chemoradiotherapy(CRT)has not been systematically addressed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of BMI on survivalin patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Materials and Methods: Sixty ESCC caseswere retrospectively reviewed in this study. Patient overall survival(OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) werecompared between two groups (BMI<24.00 kg/m2 and BMI≥24.00 kg/m2). Results: There were 41 patients in thelow/normal BMI group (BMI<24.00 kg/m2) and 19 in the high BMI group (BMI≥24.00 kg/m2). No significantdifferences were observed in patient characteristics between these. We found no difference in 2-year OS and DFSassociated with BMI (p=0.763 for OS; p=0.818 for DFS) using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate analysisrevealed that higher clinical stage was prognostic for worse 2-year OS and DFS, metastasis for 2-year OS, lymphnode status for 2-year DFS, while age, gender, smoking, drinking, tumor location and BMI were not prognostic.There were no differences in the 2-year OS (hazard ratio=1.117; p=0.789) and DFS(hazard ratio=1.161; p=0.708)between BMI groups in multivariate analysis, whereas we found statistical differences in the 2-year OS and DFSassociated with clinical stage, gender and tumor infiltration (p<0.04), independent of age, smoking, drinking,tumor location, the status of lymph node metastases and BMI. Conclusions: BMI was not associated with survivalin patients with ESCC treated with CRT as primary therapy. BMI should not be considered a prognostic factorfor patients undergoing CRT for ESCC.