Aurora激酶抑制剂研究进展

Aurora激酶是细胞有丝分裂相关的一类丝氧酸/苏氨酸激酶,在细胞周期调控中起着重要的作用,研究发现Aurora激酶在多数血液恶性肿瘤和实体瘤中均高表达,表明Aurora激酶是抗肿瘤药物研究的重要新靶点之一.本文主要围绕Aurora家族的三个成员,对其生物学功能及其与肿瘤的关系、抑制剂的研究进展及其研究策略进行综述.     

抗肿瘤药物Aurora激酶抑制剂

有丝分裂过程的偏差会导致基因组的不稳定,从而引发肿瘤。肿瘤细胞中异常表达的多种有丝分裂调节蛋白,有可能成为有效的治疗靶点,如激酶Aurora-A、Aurora-B和Aurora-C。某些小分子抑制剂对上述激酶具有阻断作用,从而有可能达到治疗肿瘤的目的。     

Aurora激酶抑制剂研究进展

Aurora激酶家族是细胞有丝分裂期重要的调节因子,可影响细胞周期进程,是抗肿瘤药物的新靶点。简述Aurora激酶的生物学和与肿瘤发生发展的关系,重点介绍Aurora激酶抑制剂的结构类型和构效关系。     

肿瘤治疗靶向药物Aurora激酶抑制剂

Aurora激酶在肿瘤细胞的有丝分裂进程中起着重要的调控作用,从而影响细胞周期进程,是抗肿瘤药物的新靶点。本文就Aurora激酶在肿瘤细胞生长中所起的作用及现阶段的Aurora激酶抑制剂进行系统介绍。     

有丝分裂关键激酶抑制剂的研究进展

目的综述有丝分裂关键激酶抑制剂近年来的研究进展。方法根据已报道的有丝分裂中关键激酶抑制剂的文献,将对有丝分裂过程中与肿瘤发生联系密切的激酶抑制剂,如Aurora激酶抑制剂、CDK(cyclin-dependent kinase)激酶抑制剂、PLK(Polo-like kinase)激酶抑制剂、CHK(check-point kinase)激酶抑制剂等目前的研究进展进行综述。结果有丝分裂关键激酶抑制剂已在临床前研究及临床研究中显示出很好的抗肿瘤活性。结论随着研究的不断深入,有丝分裂关键激酶抑制剂将在肿瘤治疗中发挥更大的作用。     

Aurora激酶及其抑制剂研究状态综述

Aurora激酶家族是苏氨酸/丝氨酸激酶,在有丝分裂的染色体排列,分离和胞质分裂中起重要作用。最近的研究发现,Aurora激酶在大量人类实体瘤和血液恶性肿瘤中过表达,表明其是开发抗肿瘤药物的重要靶点。本文就近几年国内外对Aurora激酶的研究,对Aurora激酶的生物学功能、与肿瘤的关系及其抑制剂的研究进展进行综述。     

蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的研究进展

目的综述蛋白酪氨酸激酶(protein tyrosine kinase,PTK)抑制剂类抗肿瘤药物的研究进展。方法根据已报道的PTK抑制剂的相关文献,将其分为国外已经上市、国外处于临床研究和我国自主研发的PTK抑制剂进行具体介绍。结果 PTK在细胞内的信号转导中起着重要的作用,与肿瘤细胞的生长、增殖、分化和凋亡密切相关,目前已经有多种结构的PTK抑制剂类抗肿瘤药物上市或进入临床研究。结论随着PTK的作用机制及构效关系研究的不断深入,该类药物终将成为治疗肿瘤的有效药物。     

C-kit受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的研究进展

综述了近年来已上市或处于临床研究阶段的小分子C-kit受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的分类及其代表化合物.     

酪氨酸激酶抑制剂心血管毒性研究进展

目的 综述酪氨酸激酶抑制(TKIs)心血管毒性研究进展.方法 以查阅文献为主要依据,对心血管毒性及酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的研究发展变化进行分析、整理和总结.结果 呈现出TKIs广泛应用于肿瘤患者时心血管毒性问题日益突出的发展变化趋势,以及不同TKIs作用靶点不同,其心血管毒性的病理机制及临床表现存在差异.结论 本文分别对BC...     

蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的研究进展

蛋白酪氨酸激酶（PTK）抑制剂是一类作用于细胞信号转导通路的分子靶向药物,针对特定靶点发挥抗肿瘤作用。目前已有十余种蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂上市,且它们在多种实体瘤的治疗中显示出较好的疗效。该文对近年来蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的研究进展做简要综述。     

类黄酮细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂的合成与抗癌活性研究Ⅱ

目的 寻找活性更好的类黄酮CDKs抑制剂.方法 利用查尔酮路线制得8个类黄酮.结果与结论 目标化合物结构经IR、1HNMR、质谱确证,并测定了化合物对CDK1的抑制活性以及对HCT116的体外抗肿瘤活性,其中有4个化合物对CDK1的抑制活性高于对照Flavopiridol,1个化合物对HCT116的抑制活性高于Flav...     

Aurora kinase A inhibitors: promising agents in antitumoral therapy

Introduction: Aurora proteins are serine/threonine kinases with critical functions during mitosis. Aurora A, one of the members of this family, participates in crucial processes including mitotic entry, DNA damage checkpoint recovery and centrosome and spindle maturation. Aurora A is frequently overexpressed in human cancers and, when inhibited, impairs cell proliferation.

Areas covered: Here, we review the preclinical studies that support the use of Aurora A inhibitors in antitumoral strategies. We also discuss past or current clinical trials using Aurora A inhibitors in multiple tumor types. We pay special attention to Alisertib, a potent and selective Aurora A inhibitor currently in Phase III.

Expert opinion: The potential of Aurora A inhibitors in the treatment of cancer depends on many factors, mainly related with the molecular status of tumor cells. Yet, we still need to find proper biomarkers to select those patients that better react to Aurora A inhibitors. Furthermore, their effect could significantly improve when used in combination with other drugs. Although some clinical trials are already testing the cooperative effect of different antitumoral drugs, additional preclinical studies are necessary to establish the best combinations. Here, we discuss some possibilities that could be explored in future studies.     

Structural studies of B-type Aurora kinase inhibitors using computational methods

Aim:

To characterize the structural features of quinazoline-based Aurora B inhibitors that influence its inhibitor activity.

Methods:

Two geometrical methods, Method 1 and Method 2, were used to develop the 3D-QSAR models. The most active ligand was used as the template for the alignment of all the ligands in Method 1, and a conformer of the cocrystal ligand was used as the template for the alignment of all the ligands in Method 2.

Results:

The models suggest that highly active ligands can be designed by varying the R1 substituent at position 7 of the quinazoline ring with positively charged, bulky, hydrophobic groups, while bulky and hydrophobic groups around the thiazole ring are desirable for higher activity.

Conclusion:

This study emphasizes that the bioactive conformer is rather different from the minima. The steric, electrostatic, and hydrophobic field effects contribute to its inhibitory activity.     

4-吗啉喹唑啉类PI3K抑制剂的合成及活性研究

目的寻找具有新型骨架结构的磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)抑制剂。方法基于活性化合物,利用"杂交"设计原理,设计和合成了系列4-吗啉喹唑啉类衍生物。结果目标化合物经1HNMR、质谱确证结构,并评价了其对Rh30细胞的增殖抑制活性。结论大部分化合物具有较好的抑制活性,化合物8b的活性最强,其IC50达0.8μmol.L-1。4-吗啉喹唑啉是一类新型的PI3K抑制剂骨架,值得进一步进行结构修饰研究。     

Synthesis of novel thiazolyl-pyrimidines and their anticancer activity in vitro

A series of novel compounds 7-43 were prepared via the condensation of enaminones 4a-h and the guanidines carbonate 6a-f. The structures of these newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by (1) H-NMR, MS, EA and IR. All the compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity in vitro against human cancer cell lines including Ishikawa, A549, BEL-7404, SPC-A-01 and SGC-7901. Most of them showed moderate cytotoxic against the tested cell lines. Among them, the most potent compounds 9 and 30 exhibited more efficient activity against Ishikawa, A549.     

Small-molecule inhibition of Aurora kinases triggers spindle checkpoint-independent apoptosis in cancer cells

Aurora kinases are key regulators of mitotic progression and have also been implicated in tumorigenesis. Small molecules that inhibit Aurora kinases have shown impressive anticancer activity in preclinical studies and are currently under clinical evaluation. In this study, our data show that suppression of Aurora activity with a specific inhibitor prevents the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Molecular modeling studies indicate that the Aurora inhibitor suppresses Aurora activity by competitive displacement of ATP. Mechanistically, the Aurora inhibitor causes the accumulation of multinucleated cells, leading to profound apoptosis in the absence of caspase-3 activity. Further studies show that the sensitivity of cancer cells to the Aurora inhibitor is independent of the spindle checkpoint. In addition, the Aurora inhibitor acts synergistically with the vinca alkaloids but not with the taxanes in inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. These results suggest that Aurora inhibitors might be effective in spindle checkpoint-defective cancer cells and a combination of Aurora inhibitors with the vinca alkaloids is a promising approach for cancer chemotherapy.