加味二至煎对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠胃肠运动的影响及机制研究

目的探讨加味二至煎对便秘型肠易激综合征（C—IBS）的作用机制。方法将40只Wistar大鼠,随机分为正常组、模型组、加味二至煎组和西沙比利组4组,观察大鼠小肠墨汁推进率和黏膜组织中的血管活性肠肽（VIP）和P物质（SP）含量的变化。结果加昧二至煎使C—IBS大鼠小肠墨汁推进率增加,但与正常组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;使肠黏膜组织中SP和VIP含量增加,与模型组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）。结论加味二至煎通过调整胃肠激素分泌释放而调节C—IBS大鼠的肠运动功能,为临床治疗C—IBS提供了实验依据。     

加味二至煎对便秘型肠易激综合征模型大鼠肠功能的影响

目的:探讨加味二至煎对便秘型肠易激综合征(C-IBS)的作用机制。方法:40只Wistar大鼠随机分为5组,分别给予西沙比利、加味二至煎及复方芦荟胶囊灌胃,观察大鼠粪便含水量、小肠墨汁推进率和血浆中的血管活性肠肽、P物质含量的变化。结果:加味二至煎能够增加C-IBS大鼠小肠墨汁推进百分率,升高肠黏膜组织中SP、VIP含量。结论:加味二至煎可通过调整紊乱的胃肠激素的分泌释放而调节C-IBS大鼠的肠运动功能。     

加味二至方对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠肥大细胞的影响

目的：探讨加味二至方对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠肥大细胞的影响,为临床应用加味二至方提供理论依据。方法：24只Wistar大鼠随机分为4组,正常组、模型组、对照组、中药组,对照组给予西沙比利灌胃;中药组给予加味二至方煎剂灌胃,模型组及正常组正常饲食、饮水。第29天禁食18～24h,断头处死测指标。结果：中药组大鼠的回盲部和结肠组织的MC计数明显减少（P〈0．05）。结论：加味二至方对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠肠道肥大细胞有明显降低作用。     

加味二至方对便秘型肠道易激综合征大鼠小肠运动功能的影响

目的:探讨加味二至方对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠小肠运动功能的影响,为临床应用加味二至方提供理论依据。方法:24只Wistar大鼠随机分为两组,第1组(A组)18只;第2组(B组)6只为正常组。A组大鼠用冰水灌胃法造模,造模成功后随机分为模型组、对照组、加味二至方组,对照组给予西沙比利灌胃,中药组给予加味二至方煎剂灌胃,模型组及正常组正常饲食、饮水。第29天禁食18～24h,正常饮水。收集A组大鼠冰水灌胃后24h的粪便及B组大鼠同时间24h的粪便并记录。实验前20min灌服葡聚糖蓝-2000(Det-ran Blue-2000)0.4mL,断头处死测小肠推进比。结果:灌服中药组大鼠的小肠推进比明显增加(P0.05),大便粒数及含水量与正常组比较差异无显著性(P0.05)。结论:加味二至方对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠小肠运动有明显的加强作用。     

加味二至方对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠5-HT的影响

目的：探讨加味二至方对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠5-HT的影响,为临床应用加味二至方提供理论依据。方法：24只Wistar大鼠随机分为两组,第一组（A组）18只;第二组（B组）6只为正常组。A组大鼠用冰水灌胃法造模,造模成功后随机分为模型组、对照组、中药治疗组,对照组给予西沙比利灌胃;中药治疗组给予加味二至方煎剂灌胃。模型组及正常组正常饲食、饮水。第29天禁食18—24h,正常饮水。断头处死测指标。取A组和B组大鼠回盲部及结肠的石蜡切片,采用SABC免疫组织化学染色法。每例切片随机选择3个视野,光学显微镜下400倍观察,应用Image—ProPlus专业图像分析系统,选取下列测量参数进行半定量分析：两组大鼠回盲部及结肠5-HT光密度、积分光密度、面积的表达。结果：灌服中药组大鼠的回盲部和结肠组织的大鼠肠道5-HT光密度、积分光密度、面积的表达明显降低（P〈0．05）。结论：加味二至方能降低便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠肠道5-HT分泌,从而改善便秘症状。     

行气润肠汤治疗便秘型肠易激综合征的实验研究

目的:探讨行气润肠汤对便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠5-羟色胺(5-HT)、P物质(SP)、血管活性肽(VIP)的影响.方法:采用结直肠球囊扩张刺激及限水法建立便秘型IBS大鼠模型,实验设正常组、模型组、行气润肠汤组、福松组,造模成功后第2天起,行气润肠汤组、福松组分别给予中药溶液、福松溶液2 mL灌胃,正常组、模型组以生理盐水等容量灌胃.每组均连续灌胃14 d.灌胃期间各组大鼠总饮水量均控制在200 mL·d-.实验结束后测结肠组织5-HT、SP、VIP的含量,并比较各组差异.结果:模型组大鼠结肠5-HT、SP、VIP含量呈上升趋势,与正常组比较,有显著差异(P＜0.01) 与模型组比较,行气润肠汤组5-HT、SP、VIP含量明显降低(P＜0.01).结论:行气润肠汤能降低便秘型肠易激综合征大鼠肠道5-HT、VIP、SP的分泌,从而改善便秘症状     

肠康方对腹泻型肠易激综合征大鼠SP,VIP的影响

目的:观察肠康方对腹泻型肠易激综合征大鼠血浆P物质(SP)和大鼠组织血管活性肠肽(VIP)含量的变化,探讨肠康方对腹泻型肠易激综合征的治疗效果。方法:将60清洁级雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、马来酸曲美布汀组,肠康方低、中、高剂量组。除正常组外,其余各组均采用番泻叶刺激加束缚应激的方法 4周,复制腹泻型肠易激综合征模型,造模成功后开始给药,马来酸曲美布汀组ig马来酸曲美布汀15 mg·kg-1,肠康方低、中、高剂量组分别予以肠康方1.1,2.2,4.4g·kg-1ig给药,正常及模型组ig等体积的生理盐水,每日1次,连续给药3周。给药结束后,进行腹壁撤退反射(AWR)评分,并采集腹主动脉血和盲肠上结肠组织,用酶联免疫分析法测定血浆SP和结肠组织VIP的含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠AWR评分,血浆SP水平明显上升(P0.01),结肠VIP含量显著下降(P0.05);与模型组比较,肠康方高、中、低剂量组AWR评分明显降低(P0.01,P0.05),血浆SP水平明显降低(P0.05),肠康方高、中剂量组结肠VIP含量明显升高(P0.01,P0.05)。结论:肠康方可能通过改善内脏高敏感性、降低血浆中SP的含量和升高结肠黏膜中VIP的含量,治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征。     

四逆散加味治疗便秘型肠易激综合征32例

肠易激综合征(IBS)是指一组包括持续或间歇发作的腹痛、腹胀、排便习惯和大便形状异常而又缺乏生化学和形态学可资解释的症候群。笔者采用四逆散加味治疗便秘型肠易激综合征32例，疗效满意，现报告如下：     

加味二至丸治疗便秘型肠易激综合征验案举隅

二至丸出自《医方集解》,由女贞子、旱莲草二味药物组成,具有补腰膝、壮筋骨、强肾阴、乌须发的功效。临床上常用于肝肾阴虚、头晕眼花、失眠多梦、腰膝疲软、遗精、须发早白等症。笔者用本方加枳实、火麻仁治疗便秘型肠易激综合症疗效显著,介绍如下。     

加味济川煎对老年阳虚慢传输型便秘患者MTL、SP、VIP影响的研究

目的 观察加味济川煎对慢传输型便秘(STC)患者MTL、SP、VIP表达影响,探讨加味济川煎治疗STC的机制,为临床提供疗效依据.方法 选取2019年1月-2019年7月井冈山大学附属医院肛肠科就诊的STC患者,采用随机数字表法分为2组,治疗组(加味济川煎)30例和对照组(莫沙必利片口服)30例,2组均以1周为1个疗程...     

大承气汤对内毒素血症小鼠胃肠运动的影响

目的　观察大承气汤对内毒素血症小鼠胃肠运动的影响及其机制。方法　观察小、中和大剂量大承气汤在内毒素血症中对小鼠炭末推进率和湿粪计数的影响。结果　中剂量和大剂量大承气汤组均能显著增加炭末推进率 (P <0 .0 5和P <0 .0 1)。用普萘洛尔 (7mg/kg)阻断 β受体后 ,炭末推进率较受体阻断前大剂量大承气汤组加强 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,对湿粪计数亦有相似作用。结论　大承气汤可增强内毒素血症小鼠胃肠运动 ,普萘洛尔可使其作用进一步加强。     

欣胃汤对功能性消化不良大鼠血清胃泌素及胃肠动力影响的实验研究

目的研究欣胃汤对功能性消化不良（FD）大鼠血清胃泌素及胃肠动力影响。方法采用文献方法建立FD大鼠模型,实验设正常组、模型组、中药（欣胃汤）组、西药（吗叮啉）组。观察各组大鼠灌胃后胃内色素残留情况及测定胃组织及血清胃泌素的水平。结果欣胃汤对胃排空有促进作用,血清胃泌素的水平明显下降,与其他组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论欣胃汤可促进FD大鼠的胃排空及血清胃泌素的水平的下降。     

Study on the mechanisms of electroacupuncture for promoting gastrointestinal motility in rats with diabetic gastroparesis

Objective

To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST 36) on the gastrointestinal motility and the ultrastructures of pacemaker cells [the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC)] in diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) rats and explore the mechanism of EA for DGP.

Methods

A total of 50 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into group A, group B, group C, group D and group E, with 10 rats in each group. Group A was the blank control; a single intraperitoneal injection of 2% streptozotocin (STZ) was performed in rats of group B, group C, group D and group E, with high glucose and high fat diet for 8 weeks to establish the DGP rat models. Group B was the model group and the rats did not receive any treatment; group C was EA at acupoint group and the rats received EA at Zusanli (ST 36), Liangmen (ST 21) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); group D was EA at non-acupoint group and the rats received EA at the control points of Zusanli (ST 36), Liangmen (ST 21) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); group E was metoclopramide group and the rats were treated by intragastric administration of metoclopramide. Blood glucose was detected using ONE TOUCH blood glucose meter; gastric emptying rate and small intestine migration rate were measured using intragastric phenol red; ultrastructures of gastric antrum ICC were detected by transmission electron microscopy.

Results

The differences of blood glucose between group B, group C, group D, group E versus that of group A were statistically significant after modeling (P<0.01); after treatment, the differences of blood glucose between group D, group E versus that of group C were statistically significant (P<0.05, P<0.01); the gastric emptying rate of rats in group B was statistically significant different from that in group A (P<0.01); the gastric emptying rate of rats in group C was statistically significant different from that in group B (P<0.01). The migration rates of rats’ small intestines in group B, group C, group D and group E were all statistically significant different from that in group A (P<0.01); the migration rate of rats’ small intestines in group C was statistically significant different from that in group B (P<0.01). The ultrastructure of rat’s ICC in group B showed apoptosis compared with that in group A; rat‘s ICC in group C had complete basement membrane, more cytoplasm mitochondria, Golgi and rough endoplasmic reticulum, showing clear structure, occasional mitochondria swelling and gap junctions with adjacent smooth muscle cells; there were no significant differences between group D, group E versus group B.

Conclusion

EA at Zusanli (ST 36) plus other acupoints can regulate the blood glucose and promote gastrointestinal motility in DGP rats, and the mechanism may be related to repairing the damaged ICC structure.

     

凉润通络方及其拆方对糖尿病大鼠胃肠运动的影响

目的探讨凉润通络方及其拆方对糖尿病大鼠胃肠运动功能改善的机制。方法雄性Wistar大鼠,采用链脲佐菌素(STZ)注射制作糖尿病大鼠模型,造模成功后,不予降糖药控制血糖,正常饲养18周后,大鼠分别予温水、凉润通络中药、单纯通络中药、单纯滋润中药、单纯清凉中药、西沙必利灌胃,灌胃6周后用多媒体生理记录仪测定胃MMCⅢ运动,用加入碳素的营养性半固体糊灌胃方法为胃肠内标记物,观察大鼠胃排空率和小肠推进率。结果24周时糖尿病大鼠存在胃肠运动功能障碍,凉润通络方能够改善糖尿病大鼠的胃排空和小肠传输功能,优于其拆方和西沙必利。结论凉润通络方在改善糖尿病大鼠胃肠运动功能障碍方面具有优势。     

热敏灸对肠易激综合征模型大鼠内脏敏感性、肠道功能和胃肠激素的影响

目的观察热敏灸对肠易激综合征模型大鼠内脏敏感性、肠道功能和胃肠激素的影响,探讨热敏灸治疗肠易激综合征的可能作用机制。方法采用随机数字表法,将45只清洁级健康Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和热敏灸组,每组15只。模型组和热敏灸组大鼠以高乳糖饲料喂饲与束缚应激相结合的方法制备肠易激综合征模型,热敏灸组同时给予艾灸足三里和神阙穴,正常组不做任何处理,连续干预14 d。干预结束后,评估3组大鼠内脏敏感性(腹部抬起值与背部拱起值)、肠道功能(首次排出活性炭黑便所需时间和结肠蠕动波个数),检测胃肠激素[胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MTL)、P物质(SP)、生长抑素(SS)]水平。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠腹部抬起值与背部拱起值均明显降低,首次排出活性炭黑便所需时间明显延长,结肠蠕动波个数明显增多,血清GAS和MTL水平均明显降低,血清SP和SS水平均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。与模型组比较,热敏灸组腹部抬起值与背部拱起均明显升高,首次排出活性炭黑便所需时间明显缩短,结肠蠕动波个数明显减少,血清GAS和NTL水平均明显升高,血清SP和SS水平均明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论热敏灸可以通过降低肠易激综合征大鼠内脏敏感性,增强胃肠道动力,调节血清GAS、MTL、SP、SS含量而发挥治疗作用。     

电针对急性胰腺炎大鼠胃肠运动功能的影响

目的：探讨电针治疗急性胰腺炎的作用机制。方法：健康成年雄性Wistar大鼠24只,随机分为模型组、电针组及对照组。模型组以腹腔注射雨蛙素制成胰腺炎模型;电针组在造模基础上实施电针“足三里”“天枢”;对照组同时间点按时注射生理盐水。检测胃排空率、小肠推进比、胰腺组织髓过氧化物酶、胰腺病理评分及血清淀粉酶等指标。结果：模型组胃排空及小肠推进比,较对照组明显降低（P〈0．05）,电针组胃排空率及小肠推进比则较模型组显著提高（P〈0．05）。电针组的组织髓过氧化物酶水平、组织病理评分及血清淀粉酶水平亦较模型组显著降低（P〈0．05）。结论：电针可明显改善急性胰腺炎引起的胃肠道运动功能障碍并减轻胰腺病理损害。     

清热化滞颗粒促胃肠动力作用机制研究

目的:探讨清热化滞颗粒对胃肠动力的影响。方法:测定实验大鼠胃蛋白酶的活性、胃酸含量;小鼠小肠推进率、小鼠血浆胃动素(MTL)、胃泌素(GAS)、生长抑素(SS)和血管活性肠肽(VIP)的水平。结果:清热化滞颗粒能提高大鼠胃蛋白酶活性并对盐酸阿托品负荷小鼠小肠推进功能具有促进作用,与空白对照组及药物对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);模型建成后,小鼠血浆SS的含量增加,MTL、GAS含量降低;灌喂清热化滞颗粒后SS降低,MTL、GAS增加,且与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:清热化滞颗粒治疗小儿积滞化热证的作用机制可能与其通过调节胃肠激素,促进胃肠蠕动,从而促进胃肠动力有关。     

木香对脾虚大鼠胃肠道运动及血清乙酰胆碱酯酶、一氧化氮水平的影响

目的 观察木香对脾虚大鼠胃肠道运动及血清乙酰胆碱酯酶(ACh E)、一氧化氮(NO)水平的影响。方法 将92只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、莫沙必利对照组、木香生品高剂量组、木香生品中剂量组、木香生品低剂量组、木香麸煨品高剂量组、木香麸煨品中剂量组及木香麸煨品低剂量组,每组10只,模型对照组12只。除正常对照组外,其余各组大鼠均通过腹腔注射利血平建立脾虚模型。造模成功后,木香生品高、中、低剂量组和木香麸煨品高、中、低剂量组分别按照7. 00、3. 50、1. 75 g/(kg·d)的浓度予相应药液灌胃,莫沙必利对照组予枸橼酸莫沙必利分散片0. 35 mg/(kg·d)药液灌胃,正常对照组及模型对照组(模型对照组取其中10只)分别予0. 9%氯化钠注射液7. 00 mg/(kg·d)灌胃。连续灌胃14 d后,比较各组大鼠血清ACh E及NO水平变化情况。将模型对照组剩余2只大鼠采用脱颈法处死,解剖后将十二指肠取出,剪成数小段,放入离体肠管活动生理记录装置中,记录其收缩曲线,计算平均振幅,然后依次加入木香生品和木香麸煨品高、中、低浓度药液1. 0、0. 5、0. 25 g/m L,比较各组大鼠离体十二指肠相对收缩振幅情况。结果 与正常对照组比较,模型对照组灌胃后血清NO含量明显升高(P 0. 05),ACh E含量明显下降(P 0. 05)。与模型对照组比较,莫沙必利对照组灌胃后血清NO含量明显下降(P 0. 05),ACh E含量明显升高(P 0. 05),而木香生品和麸煨品各剂量组中仅木香生品高剂量组和木香生品中剂量组灌胃后ACh E含量明显升高(P 0. 05),其余比较差异均无统计学意义(P0. 05)。与模型对照组比较,木香生品高剂量组大鼠离体十二指肠相对收缩振幅明显增强(P 0. 05),其余比较差异均无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论 木香对胃肠运动具有兴奋作用,可明显促进胃肠道运动,其中以木香生品高剂量组效果最明显,这也是木香理气作用的体现,其作用机制可能与升高ACh水平有关,但对NO作用不明显。     

电针耳甲区对2型糖尿病大鼠胃肠动力的影响

ObjectiveTo observe the impacts of electroacupuncture (EA) at auricular concha on gastrointestinal motility in the rats with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsA total of 30 SD male rats were collected. 8 rats of them were in a control group and the rest 22 rats were prepared as the model of T2D by intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin (STZ) and high-fat forage. Blood glucose ≥ 16.7 mmol/L for 3 times was considered as modeling success in rats, thus the rats were collected in a T2D group (n = 16). These 16 T2D rats were divided into a model group (n = 8) and an intradermal auricular electroacupuncture stimulation (iaES) group (n = 8) according to random number table. In the iaES group, intervention with EA was applied at auricular concha unilaterally each time, once daily, on both sides alternatively, 5-day treatment as 1 course, at the interval of 2 days between courses, totally for 4 weeks. No any intervention was given in the model group and the control group. At the end of 4 weeks of intervention, the gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion were determined, ELISA method was adopted to determine gastrin (GAS) and motilin (MTL), and random blood glucose value and food intake were recorded in the iaES group, the model group and the control group successively.ResultsAfter modeling, as compared with the control group, the food intake and random blood glucose were increased significantly (both P < 0.001) and body weight was reduced obviously (P < 0.01) in the T2D group. After intervention for 4 weeks, compared with the model group, the food intake and gastric content weight were obviously reduced (both P < 0.05), the serum GAS content, gastric emptying and intestinal transit rate, as well as random blood glucose reduction were all higher (all P < 0.05) in the rats of the iaES group, but the difference was not significant in MTL between the iaES groups and the model group (P > 0.05).ConclusionElectroacupuncture at auricular concha improves gastrointestinal motility in T2D model rats.