腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现(附9例报告)

目的:探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现特点。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理学证实的腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者9例。观察病灶数目、部位、大小、形态、密度,将腮腺矢状面分成4个象限。结果:9例患者,15个病灶,病灶位于腮腺后下象限者10个,1例双侧均为腮腺腺淋巴瘤,14个病灶边缘清楚,病灶大小1.1~3.2cm,平均CT值48HU。结论:50岁以上的男性患者,CT显示腮腺浅叶的后下象限病灶,边界光整、多发时应首先考虑腮腺腺淋巴瘤可能。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的多层螺旋CT表现特征

目的探讨多层螺旋CT对腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现特征的显示。方法回顾性分析21例经病理证实的腮腺腺淋巴瘤（adenolymphomas）的影像资料及其相关病理学改变,包括：病灶数目、部位（分成4个象限）、形态、大小;平扫、增强CT值及强化特征;下颌后静脉移位情况。结果21例腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者中男性16例,女性5例,50岁以上者17例,吸烟者18例。17例病灶单发,4例多发（其中1例为双侧腮腺腺淋巴瘤）,共25个病灶,其中病灶位于腮腺后下象限者14个,下颌后静脉前外侧移位16个,病灶边界清楚24个,密度不均匀13个,内可见小血管影15个,增强CT值平均上升31．3Hu。结论〉50岁的男性患者有吸烟史,CT发现腮腺浅叶的后下象限具有良性肿瘤病灶特征,内部密度不均匀有小血管影,强化较明显,且病灶多发时,诊断时应首先考虑腺淋巴瘤可能。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT及MRI诊断

目的探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT及MRI表现的特点。方法回顾性分析经手术及组织病理学证实的30例腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者的CT及MR的影像学特征及其相关病理学改变,影像学分析包括病灶数目、部位、大小、形态、密度或信号。为了探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤发病部位特征,在腮腺矢状面将其分成4个象限。30例中男29例(96.67%),女1例;50岁以上者26例(86.67%)。结果30例患者37侧发病,共44个病灶,其中病灶位于腮腺后下象限者25个(56.82%);多发者10例(33.33%);42个病灶边界清楚;22例行CT检查共发现32个病灶,其中增强CT值上升的平均值为(29.27±14.11)HU,3例CT延迟扫描显示3个病灶强化延迟。8例行MR检查,共发现12个病灶,其内信号全不均匀。结论>50岁的男性患者,CT和(或)MRI发现腮腺浅叶的后下象限病灶,边界光整,内部密度或信号不均匀,有明显强化,而且多发者,诊断时应首先考虑腺淋巴瘤可能。     

CT双期增强对腮腺腺淋巴瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤CT双期增强的影像特点,以提高对本病的诊断水平。方法回顾性分析本院经手术及组织病理学证实的17例腮腺腺淋巴瘤增强前后的CT表现,观察病灶的部位、形态、大小、密度、边界、强化程度及方式。结果 17例腺淋巴瘤单侧单发12例,单侧多发2例,双侧发病3例,共22个病灶,其中16个(72.7%)病灶位于腮腺后下象限;病灶多呈类圆形、椭圆形或浅分叶软组织影,边界清晰,密度均匀(15个)或不均匀(7个),不均匀者见囊变区;CT双期增强扫描,早期病灶实性部分CT值上升约30~68HU,其中12个(54.5%)病灶见包绕血管和(或)血管贴边征;晚期15个(68.2%)病灶强化减退,CT值下降约10~35HU,多呈"快进快出"表现,囊变区无强化。结论腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT双期强化方式有一定特征性,结合发病年龄、性别、部位等特点可提高诊断的正确性。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的多层螺旋CT诊断

目的探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的多层螺旋CT(MSCT)表现,提高对本病的认识。资料与方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的16例腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者的临床及CT表现。结果 16例腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者全部为男性吸烟者,16例患者共发现18个肿瘤(其中单侧单发14例,单侧多发1例2个病灶,双侧多发1例2个病灶)。肿瘤居腮腺后下象限13例15个病灶,非后下象限3例3个病灶。肿瘤呈圆形、椭圆形或分叶状软组织肿块,囊实性或实性,边缘光整;增强后表现为动脉期明显强化,CT值>100Hu,平均增加约64Hu,静脉期密度减低。14个肿瘤边缘可见贴边血管影。结论腮腺腺淋巴瘤有一定的影像特点,测量肿瘤动脉期强化后的CT值>100Hu和肿瘤边缘贴边血管影显示对于诊断腮腺腺淋巴瘤具有重要价值。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤与多形性腺瘤的双期增强CT表现与鉴别

目的通过观察腮腺腺淋巴瘤与多形性腺瘤的CT影像学表现,探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤与多形性腺瘤的双期增强CT表现及其鉴别价值。方法回顾本院经手术及病理证实的16例腮腺腺淋巴瘤(A组)患者临床资料,分析其CT影像学表现,并与同期23例腮腺多形性腺瘤(B组)患者比较。结果 A组腮腺腺淋巴瘤:多发于50岁以上男性,多位于腮腺后下象限,边界清楚光整,呈均匀稍高密度或伴囊变坏死低密度,增强扫描多呈"快进快出"表现;B组多形性腺瘤:多发于中年,多位于腮腺非后下象限,边界清楚光整,呈均匀稍高密度或伴囊变坏死及钙化,增强扫描呈缓慢渐进性强化。A、B两组患者在病灶部位、分叶状病灶所占比例、增强扫描后CT值上升平均值比较,两组差异具有显著性(P<0.05);病灶大小、密度对比,两组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论腮腺腺淋巴瘤与多形性腺瘤的双期增强CT表现具有特征性,对两者的鉴别具有重要价值。     

MSCT在腮腺混合瘤与腺淋巴瘤诊断及鉴别诊断中的应用价值

目的:探讨MSCT对腮腺混合瘤和腺淋巴瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断价值。方法 :回顾性分析经手术后病理证实的25例腮腺混合瘤及18例腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现,比较两者的影像学特点并进行统计学分析。结果:混合瘤多发于年轻患者,病灶单发,多位于腮腺叶非后下极,形态规则或不规则,边界清楚,密度可均匀或不均匀,伴坏死囊变,囊变常为大片状;腺淋巴瘤多发于中老年男性,单发或多发,多位于腮腺浅叶后下极,形态规则或呈浅分叶状,边界清楚,密度可均匀或不均匀,可伴裂隙样囊变,可见血管贴边征。2组在发病年龄、性别、病灶数目、象限、形态、囊变方式及血管贴边征等方面差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:MSCT对腮腺混合瘤及腺淋巴瘤具有一定的临床诊断价值,结合病史有助于提高两者的鉴别诊断水平。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT诊断

目的探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现与相关临床特点,以提高其诊断准确性。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的10例腮腺腺淋巴瘤CT资料。10例中男性9例,女性1例,年龄均为50岁以上,其中8例有多年吸烟史。结果 6例为单侧多发,2例为双侧多发,2例为单发,均表现为腮腺浅叶或后下象限边界清晰实性占位,增强扫描动脉期实性成分大部分明显强化,较大病灶多伴有不均匀轻、中度强化区及无强化坏死腔,长径小于1cm的病灶均呈均匀强化,部分较大病变有分叶,较大病灶直径约3cm左右,术后随访未见复发或转移者。结论腮腺腺淋巴瘤好发于50岁以上、与吸烟有明确相关的男性,多发病灶伴局灶性坏死者多见,当肿块发生于腮腺浅叶或后下象限,尤其当病灶多发,增强后明显强化时应首先考虑本病。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT诊断

目的:探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现及其诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析16例手术病理证实的腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT征象,16例患者均行CT平扫、增强扫描,其中女性2例(12.5％),男性14例(87.5％).分析病变部位、数目、大小、形态、密度、边缘及强化程度.结果:16例腮腺腺淋巴瘤共有28个病灶,10例单发(62.5％),单侧多发2例(12.5％),双侧多发4例(25％),病灶中心位于腮腺浅叶后下部20个(71.4％).全部病灶边界清楚,病灶内密度不均匀17(17/28)个,增强后CT值增加的平均值为(38.7±19.5) HU,19个(19/28)病灶内可见小血管进入、包绕或贴边现象.结论:腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现有一定特征性,结合发病性别、年龄、发病部位及临床表现,对术前定性诊断有较大意义.     

腮腺多形性腺瘤与腺淋巴瘤的CT影像特征及对比分析

目的：探讨腮腺多形性腺瘤与腺淋巴瘤的CT影像特点,提高对两者的鉴别诊断能力。方法回顾性研究经手术病理证实的13例多形性腺瘤及9例腺淋巴瘤的CT表现,并做对比分析。结果13例多形性腺瘤均为单发,11例位于腮腺非后下象限,增强11例表现为持续性或延迟强化,呈“慢进慢出”改变;9例腺淋巴瘤3例多发共13个病灶,9个病灶位于腮腺后下象限,增强9个病灶动脉期显著强化,延迟期强化减退,呈“快进快出”表现。结论腮腺多形性腺瘤与腺淋巴瘤 CT 影像表现各有特点,掌握各自特征性影像表现并结合临床资料,绝大多数病灶术前可以做出正确诊断。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.