雷贝拉唑三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌疗效观察

2002年9月-2003年7月，我院应用雷贝拉唑联合克拉霉素、替硝唑治疗幽门螺杆菌（Hp）相关性消化性溃疡。现报告如下。     

奥美拉唑、呋喃唑酮、阿莫西林三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性消化性溃疡的疗效观察

目的观察奥美拉唑、呋喃唑酮、阿莫西林三联疗法对消化性溃疡（PU）的治疗效果及幽门螺杆菌（Hp）的根除效果。方法对64例幽门螺杆菌阳性的消化性溃疡患者，随机分为治疗组及对照组。治疗组33例，给予奥美拉唑20mg，每日1次，呋喃唑酮100mg，每日2次；阿莫西林1000mg，每日2次，饭前服用1周；对照组31例，给予奥美拉唑20mg，每日2次，克拉霉素500mg，每日2次，阿莫西林1000mg，每日2次，饭前服用1周；停药4周后复查胃镜。结果治疗组与对照组Hp根除率分别为90．9％、93．5％，差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；溃疡愈合率分别为93．9％、96．8％，差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论奥美拉唑、呋喃唑酮、阿莫西林三联疗法具有疗程短、疗效高，依从性好、费用低，值得基层医院推广应用。     

奥美拉唑、替硝唑、克拉霉素短程三联疗法根除老年人幽门螺杆菌的疗效观察

目的观察奥美拉唑、替硝唑，克拉霉素短程三联疗法对我国老年人幽门螺杆菌LHelicobactcr pylori，Hp)感染的根除效果及其不良反应，方法将91例伴有Hp感染的消化性溃疡或糜烂性胃窦炎老年病人，随机分为A．B两组，A组46例，B纽45例，各有2例失访，A组以奥美拉唑20mg替硝唑500mg、克拉霉素250mg，每天2次疗程7天(简称OTC250方案）：B组治疗同A组、只是将克拉霉素改为500mg（简称OTC500方案)，活动期溃疡病病例，继服奥美拉唑20mg／天，3周。疗程结束1月后复查胃镜及胃窦、胃体粘膜Hp检查。结果Hp根除率A组909％140／44)，B组88.4％(38／43)；活动期溃疡愈合率A组100％(12/12)，B组93.3％（14／15)：糜烂性胃窦炎愈合率：A组79.3％(23／29)，B组80.8％(21／26)不良反应发生率：A组13.6％(6／44)，B组23.3％(10／43)：P均>0.05。主要不良反应为口腔金属味、纳差、乏力，恶心等、但均能继续服药，结论OTC250及OTC500两种短程三联方案．对老年人Hp感染舶根踪均有良好疗效，且耐受性良好，可怍为Hp根除的第一线方案。而OTC250方案还有费用低、不良反应少等优点更适合我国国情、尤其适合于老年人根除Hp.     

奥美拉唑三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌的疗效观察

目的探讨奥美拉唑三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(Hp)的疗效.方法Hp阳性的活动性十二指肠溃疡患者61例,男50例,女11例,年龄18岁～62岁.将患者随机分为三联疗法组30例,口服奥美拉唑20mg,1次/d,阿莫西林500mg,呋喃唑酮100mg,3次/d;二联疗法组31例,口服奥美拉唑20mg,1次/d,阿莫西林500mg,3次/d.疗程均为2wk,疗程结束1mo后内镜检查溃疡愈合情况及Hp检测.结果三联疗法Hp根除率及溃疡愈合率分别为93.3%(28/30)及90%(27/30),高于二联疗法组的77.4%(24/31)及80.6%(25/31),经x2检验,差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论奥美拉唑三联疗法有很理想的Hp根除率及溃疡愈合率,不良反应少     

瑞贝克三联一周疗法根除幽门螺杆菌的临床研究

瑞贝克(硫酸庆大霉素胃内滞留型缓释片)在临床中用于根除幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori，简称Hp)已有近十年历史。早先有研究表明其在胃肠道感染的治疗及根除幽门螺杆菌方面有一定的效果。去年年底我们受江西制药厂的委托，由第一军医大学南方医院全军消化内科研究所、北京大学第一医院和上海第二医科大学附属瑞金医院对奥美拉唑。     

奥美拉唑,替硝唑,克拉霉素短程三联疗法根除老年人幽门螺…

目的 观察奥美拉唑，替硝唑，克拉霉素短程三联疗法对老年人幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）感染的根除效果及其副反应。方法 将８７例伴有Ｈｐ感染的消化性溃疡或糜烂胃窦炎老年患者随机分为两组，Ａ组为４４例，给予奥美拉唑２０ｍｇ，替硝唑５００ｍｇ及克拉霉素２５０ｍｇ，每天２次口服，疗程７天（方案Ａ），Ｂ组４３例，治疗同Ａ组，只是将克拉霉素改为５００ｍｇ（方案Ｂ），活动期溃疡病患者继服奥拉唑２０ｍｇ／ｄ，３周，疗程结束１     

三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性消化性溃疡疗效观察

目的：研究不含甲硝唑的短程低剂量质子泵抑制剂（ＰＰＩ）三联疗法对幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）根除消化性溃疡愈合的疗效。方法：采用随机双盲对照研究。将４７ 例ＨＰ阳性的消化性溃疡患者随机分为２ 组,即Ａ组（低剂量三联）采用达克普隆３０ ｍ ｇ １次／ｄ 加克拉霉素２５０ ｍ ｇ ２ 次／ｄ 加阿莫西林５００ ｍ ｇ ２ 次／ｄ,连服１０ ｄ;Ｂ组（安慰剂）采用胃舒平３片,２ 次／ｄ,连用４ 周,双盲双模拟用药。疗程结束后４ 周复查胃镜。结果：Ａ组ＨＰ根治率和溃疡愈合率分别为９３．３％ 和８６．７％ ,明显高于Ｂ组的０ 和２３．５％ （均Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。前者对症状缓解作用好、速度快,无明显副作用,患者依从性好。结论：短程低剂量ＰＰＩ三联疗法是治疗ＨＰ相关性消化性溃疡较为理想的治疗方案,尤其对甲硝唑耐药者更值得试用     

三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌对慢性胃炎的疗效评价

目的探讨埃索美拉唑联合克拉霉素、阿莫西林克拉维酸钾三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌（Hp）治疗慢性胃炎的疗效。方法将81例Hp阳性的慢性胃炎患者随机分为两组,治疗组采用三联疗法,对照组单用埃索美拉唑,两组均治疗7 d。治疗结束后4周分别行胃镜、胃黏膜组织病理学及14C-尿素呼气试验检查。结果治疗组症状均有不同程度改善。治疗组和对照组Hp根除率分别为86.8%、47.4%,胃镜和病理组织学改善总有效率分别为81.6%、60.5%,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。结论三联疗法治疗Hp相关性胃炎疗效较好。     

奥美拉唑、低剂量呋喃唑酮及阿莫西林一周三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌感染

胃十二指肠疾病与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染有关,将根除Hp疗法作为大多数Hp感染相关疾病,特别是消化性溃疡的主要疗法。然而,至今仍未确立理想的根除Hp方案。经典的以质子泵抑制剂为基础的三联疗法由奥美拉唑或兰索拉唑、克拉霉素(或阿莫西林)和甲硝唑组成,被认为是治疗Hp感染的一个标准方案。然而,世界范围的甲硝唑耐菌株增加正成为一个问题,并由于使用其剂量较大,国人的耐受性等原因而限制了包含甲硝唑方案的应用。男外克拉霉素或阿莫西林用量较大,由于经济承受因素,影响其广泛应用。本方案探索包含质子泵抑制剂、低剂量呋喃唑酮及阿莫西林,评估此方案疗效。     

低剂量标准三联疗法根治Hp及对胃粘膜病变的治疗作用

目的探讨低剂量标准三联疗法根治Ｈｐ感染及对胃粘膜病变的影响．方法Ｈｐ相关性慢性胃炎患者共７３例，其中男４２例，女３１例，年龄１８岁～６２岁，均给予低剂量标准三联疗法治疗，观察其对Ｈｐ根治率．同时观察治疗前后胃粘膜病理变化．结果低剂量标准三联疗法既保持了较高根治率（８４６％，５５／６５），又降低了副作用；对胃粘膜炎性病变具有明显治疗作用，其中活动性炎症、血管瘀血和肠上皮化生消失率依次为８８９％（１６／１８），８１８％（９／１１）和６６７％（３／９）；非活动性炎症亦表现为治疗后退级或减轻，其中Ⅲ级炎症消失率为８１８％（１８／２２）；但对萎缩或增生性病变无显著疗效．结论低剂量标准三联疗法是治疗Ｈｐ相关性慢性胃炎疗效较高、价廉、副作用较少的Ｈｐ根治方法，宜早期进行     

Efficacy of 7 day lansoprazole-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection in elderly patients

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori increases with age. However, data regarding the effects of anti-H. pylori treatments in the elderly are very scarce. METHODS: To evaluate the effect of three lansoprazole-based, 7 day, triple-therapy regimens on H. pylori eradication rates, symptomatology, chronic gastritis activity and serological markers of H. pylori infection in elderly subjects, we studied 150 symptomatic patients over 60 years of age with H. pylori-positive duodenal ulcer (DU, n = 34), gastric ulcer (GU, n= 19) or chronic gastritis (CG, n = 97). Patients were consecutively treated with one of the following regimens: (A) lansoprazole (LNS) 30 mg b.i.d. + clarithromycin (CLR) 250 mg b.i.d. + metronidazole (MTR) 250 mg q.i.d.; (B) LNS 30mg b.i.d. + amoxycillin (AMOX) 1 g b.i.d. + MTR 250 mg q.i.d.; and (C) LNS 30 mg b.i.d. + CLR 250 mg b.i.d. + AMOX 1 g b.i.d. RESULTS: Two months after therapy, the eradication rates of the three treatments, expressed using both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were, respectively; group A, 86 and 91.5%; group B, 80 and 87%; group C, 82 and 89.1%. After therapy, a significant reduction in epigastric pain (P<0.001), heartburn (P=0.02), dyspepsia (P<0.001) and vomiting (P< 0.005) was observed independently of the success of H. pylori eradication. A significantly higher percentage of asymptomatic patients were in the GU-DU group than in CG group (87.7 vs 70.0%, P= 0.032). After therapy, 33 subjects still suffered from symptoms. Persistence of symptoms was significantly associated with an endoscopic diagnosis of oesophagitis and not with H. pylori infection. Patients cured of H. pylori infection showed a significant decrease in the histological activity of both antral and body gastritis (P< 0.0001), a significant drop in immunoglobulin (Ig) G anti-H. pylori antibodies (P< 0.0001) and pepsinogen (PG) C (P<0.0001) and an increase in the PGA/PGC ratio (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The 7 day, lansoprazole-based triple therapy was well tolerated and highly effective in the cure of H. pylori infection, the reduction of symptoms, chronic gastritis activity and serum levels of IgG anti-H. pylori antibodies and PGC. Persistence of symptoms after therapy was significantly higher in CG than GU and DU patients and was significantly associated with oesophagitis.     

Helicobacter pylori infection in children

Helicobacter pylori was sought prospectively by culture of antral biopsy, histology and serology (IgG and IgA) in 440 consecutive endoscopies on children to determine the prevalence, clinical presentation and histological features of H. pylori infection in our population. Twenty-eight patients had H. pylori (8% overall). The mean age of infected patients was significantly higher than that of non-infected patients (P less than 0.0001). No patient under 5 years of age had H. pylori isolated. Overall, there was no significant difference in clinical presentation between those with and those without H. pylori infection, but 23% of patients 5 and 26 years of age who presented with abdominal pain as the indication for their endoscopy had H. pylori isolated. Macroscopic changes ranged from no abnormality to frank ulceration, but the typical antral mamilliform changes were 100% predictive of infection. Fifty-eight per cent of patients with duodenal ulcers, but only 17% with gastric ulcers had H. pylori infection. Histological gastritis was present in 144 patients (including all H. pylori positive patients). None of the patients with another definable cause for gastritis had H. pylori isolated. In conclusion, H. pylori is an important cause of primary gastritis in our population, occurring in children over 5 years of age. Culture of an antral biopsy should be performed in children over this age undergoing endoscopy for the investigation of abdominal pain and, more particularly, in those with peptic ulceration.     

两种短程小剂量三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌的比较

目的比较两组短程小剂量三联方案(OTA奥美拉唑+替硝唑+阿莫西林;FFA法莫替丁+呋喃唑酮+阿莫西林)根除幽门螺杆菌感染的疗效.方法采用随机对照临床试验设计,经内镜检查、快速尿素酶试验和病理检查(MB染色)证实有Hp感染的患者132例.通过随机化方法分为2组,A组用OTA方案,B组用FFA方案,均治疗1周,随访6周.随访结束时行14C尿素呼气试验确定Hp根除情况.结果131例患者完成治疗及随访,两组的Hp根除率分别为84.8%和73.8%(P＞0.05).两组中胃炎患者的Hp根除率分别为89.2%和70.2%(P＜0.05),两组中溃疡患者的Hp根除率分别为79.3%和78.6%(P＞0.05).副作用发生率分别为15.2%、26.2%(P＞0.05),未发现严重副作用,所有患者均能耐受.A组药物费用明显高于B组(331.98元比77.26元).结论对Hp阳性的胃炎患者,应选价格较贵,但根除率高、副作用少的OTA方案;对Hp阳性的溃疡患者,可选价格低廉、疗效与OTA方案相当的FFA方案.     

Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood: results of management with ranitidine bismuth citrate plus amoxicillin and tinidazole

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To verify whether a triple therapy bismuth citrate plus amoxicillin and tinidazole eradicates H. pylori infection in pediatric patients. METHODS: Fifty children (30 females; mean age 12.4 +/- 1.1 years, range 10-15 years) suffering from upper abdominal complaints and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastroduodenal disease were treated with a 4 week course of ranitidine bismuth citrate (400 mg, twice daily) plus oral tinidazole (20 mg/kg) and amoxicillin (50 mg/kg) for the first 2 weeks. RESULTS: The endoscopic diagnoses were: esophagitis (seven cases), gastritis (six cases), gastroduodenitis (43 cases), duodenitis (one case), gastric ulcer (two cases) and duodenal ulcer (13 cases). Helicobacter pylori was eradicated in 40 (80%) patients and clinical improvement was noticed in 39 (78%) of symptomatic subjects. Duodenal ulcers were healed in all the children, but lymphoid nodular hyperplasia was persistent in all patients, independent of the H. pylori status. The potentially drug-related adverse events (blackening of the tongue, six patients; diarrhea, one patient; disturbance of taste, two patients) were registered in seven (14%) patients and dark stools were observed in 48 (96%) patients. No children withdrew from the study because of either side-effects or clinical laboratory changes. No patient had toxic levels of blood bismuth (values ranged between 2.1 and 5.4 microg/L, mean value 3.4 +/- 1.04 microg/L). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that the present treatment regimen is effective enough in the resolution of H. pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease of childhood.     

两种莫西沙星三联疗法对幽门螺杆菌的根除率的比较

目的:比较两种以莫西沙星为基础的7 d三联疗法对H pylori感染的根除率.方法:采用平行对照实验设计,52例Hpylori( )患者分为2组,EMT组:埃索美拉唑20mg bid、莫西沙星0.4 g qd、替硝唑0.5 gbid;RMA组:枸橼酸铋雷尼替丁0.4 g bid、莫西沙星0.4 g qd、阿莫西林1.0 g bid,治疗7 d,治疗结束4 wk后通过13C-UBT检查Hpylori是否根除.结果:EMT组Hplori根除率为83.3%,RMA组根除率为79.4%.两组之间H pylori根除率没有显著性差异(x2=0.117,P=0.521).结论:以莫西沙星为基础的7 d三联疗法是可供选择的H pylori根除方案.     

Intravenous Omeprazole/Amoxicillin and Omeprazole Pretreatment in Helicobacter pylori-Positive Acute Peptic Ulcer Bleeding: A Pilot Study

Adamek RJ, Freitag M. Opferkuch W, Rühl GH, Wegener M. Intravenous omeprazole/amoxicillin and omeprazole pretreatment in Helicopter pylori-positive acute peptic ulcer bleeding. A pilot study. Scand J Gastroenterol 1994;29:880-883.

Background: The aims of this study were to evaluate a Helicobacter pylori eradication schedule for H. pylori-positive gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding, which could be commenced intravenously after endoscopic diagnosis, and to assess the effect of omeprazole pretreatment on bacterial eradication. Methods: In a prospective study 20 consecutive patients with H. pylori-positive acute peptic ulcer bleeding, who were managed conservatively including endoscopic injection therapy, were treated with a 2-week regimen consisting of either 40 mg omeprazole three times daily (with the exception of the loading dose of 80 mg) and 2 g amoxicillin three times daily intravenously for 3 days and 20 mg omeprazole twice daily and 1 g amoxicillin twice daily orally for 11 days (n = 10) or only with 40 mg omeprazole three times daily (with the exception of the loading dose of 80 mg) intravenously for 3 days and 20 mg omeprazole twice daily and 1 g amoxicillin twice daily orally for 11 days (n = 10). Subsequently, both groups received 20 mg omeprazole twice daily orally for 4 weeks. Results: H. pylori eradication, defined as negative bacterial findings in urease test, culture and histology, or ¹³C-urea breath test at least 4 weeks after cessation of omeprazole medication, was achieved in 100% (10/10) of patients in the first group but only in 30% (3/ 10) of patients in the second group (p < 0.01). Ulcer healing was endoscopically confirmed in all but one patient in the second group. Conclusions: For the first time a promising concept for H. pylori eradication in H. pylori-positive ulcer bleeding is available by using a combined intravenous and oral omeprazole/amoxicillin therapy, which can be started intravenously immediately after an emergency upper GI endoscopy. In addition, these data imply that omeprazole pretreatment may not be wise when H. pylori eradication is attempted.