微生物检验在感染控制中的应用探究

在我国近些年以来,由于微生物的检验技术得到了快速的发展,比如蛋白芯片和PCR技术都在原有的检验技术上得到了极大的丰富,在时间止也得到了很大的提高,从而促进了新型检验技术的发展。由于在感染控制当中对微生物的检验质量是一个系统的保障,不仅要采集标本,还要进行安全的保存、运送、检验、处理以及对结果的有效分析等方面是得到医生理解和应用的基础条件。此外,提高微生物的检验方法也是为了更好的确保感染控制质量的重要因素,所以,本文的研究目的就是在感染控制当中应用微生物的检验技术,从而达到预防感染的有效应用。     

微生物检验培养基质量控制方法研究

近年来国内外食品微生物检验技术迅速发展,高特异性微生物检测方法走进实验室.培养基是技术核心,培养基质量是微生物检测工作的基础,培养基制备使用是微生物实验室检测工作的重要环节,培养基质量影响检测结果.对微生物检验培养基质量控制方法进行研究,分析影响检验质量各环节因素,实施中连续评价验证,对发现的问题及时处理采取纠正措施....     

微生物检验在临床应用中的质量控制

随着现代信息技术的,医学微生物、医学分子生物学及微生物检验技术等不断的发展,逐步向临床感染诊断和治疗的方面发展,成为临床诊断的依据。临床微生物是一门实践性很强的学科,微生物检验人员不仅要具备扎实的基础理论知识,而且更需要培养丰富的实践经验,结合临床实践充分利用所学的微生物知识和技术,达到高准确的诊断结果。通过选择适合的培养方法,结合现代先进的技术,进行技术鉴定及药物敏感性的实验,为临床治疗提供检测结果,指导临床医师合理使用抗生素。在临床就诊的过程中需要保证检验结果的准确度,需要在平时工作、学习中注意微生物质量检测控制,为临床诊断做好准备。     

浅谈微生物检验技术在医院的实践与运用

目的:探讨微生物检验技术在医院的实践与应用。方法:对于医院的感染与消毒进行微生物检验,判断医院消毒效果,从而为相应的消毒工作与控制医院感染工作作出指导。结果:医院微生物检验技术的应用,微生物监测与管理对于控制医院感染具有重要的意义,相关部门能够根据提供数据制定医院卫生管理措施,做好消毒管理。结论:微生物检验在控制院内感染方面具有重要的意义,因此应该加强微生物检验技术的力度,采用科学的微生物检验方式做好院内感染的预防与控制。     

探析微生物检验于医院感染控制中的重要意义与应用

随着现代医学技术和诊治思想的不断提升,人们越来越意识到医院感染控制的重要性,而微生物检验作为医院感染控制标准中重要的方面,对医院整体环境的调节起到了关键性的作用。由于医院人员混杂,健康人员与患病人员有着密切的接触,因此医院感染控制的工作刻不容缓,感染控制工作受重视的程度直接影响到医院对于病患的关心和医疗建设的关注度。加强微生物的监控力度已经成为每一个医院基础建设的标准之一,现代医院应该将其作为医院自身质量控制的标准组入医院的基础监控体制中。本文通过详尽介绍微生物检验的意义,进而进行如何利用微生物检验提高医院感染控制力度的探讨,为医院微生物检验提供自己的看法。     

浅谈疾病控制机构卫生微生物检验质量与控制管理

目的:针对疾病控制机构卫生微生物检验质量与控制管理中出现的具体问题,制定专门的措施进行解决。方法:目前国内已经成立了许多疾病控制中心,这些疾控中心在卫生微生物检验质量与控制管理过程中进行的工作是本次研究的主要对象。针对检验过程中出现的问题,提出合适的方案,优化控制管理方法,提高疾控中心对于微生物检验质量和控制管理的效率。结果:疾控中心负责微生物检验质量与管理的相关人员缺乏必备的专业知识,对于检查结果缺少准确的分析。实验室的设备落后,无法满足实际的技术检验要求。微生物质量检验环境不达标,无法满足高质量的检验技术要求。针对上述问题,疾控中心需要制定专门的方案措施来进行改进,提高微生物检验质量与控制管理环境。结论:要想提高疾控中心关于卫生微生物检验质量与控制管理,需要提高相关技术人员的专业技能;强化实验室的设备,对实验设施进行定期的维护和更换。制定专业的计划来改进疾控中心的检验环境,增强管理机制,提高工作效率。为保证高质的卫生微生物检验质量与控制管理提供保障。     

疾病预防控制中微生物检验的质量控制

目的：探究疾病预防控制中微生物检验的质量控制方法。方法：以大肠菌群检验为例,分析在微生物检验中的质量控制,探究微生物检验质量控制措施。结果：通过实施微生物检验质量控制措施,使疾病预防控制中微生物检验结果更加准确,检验结果数据在疾病预防控制中更加有效,促进了疾病预防工作的顺利开展,降低人们的患病几率,提升人们的整体生活质量。结论：加强检测人员职业素质的培养,强化实验室内与实验室间的质量管理,能够有效促进微生物检验质量控制,确保检验结果准确性与有效性,为疾病预防控制提供有效数据支持。     

微生物检验在医院感染控制中的应用与意义

目的探讨微生物检验在医院感染控制中的应用与意义。方法采用对照组常规治疗与护理,观察组采用微生物检验的方法对感染现象进行监控。结果观察组总感染率2.00%少于对照组6.00%,差异显著。结果通过对微生物检验的结果可以为医务人员提供准确的治疗理论依据,进而指导临床确切治疗,控制疾病的发展恶化。结论提高微生物检测的开展对控制医院感染发生率起到了重要作用,微生物检验在降低医院感染的发生率的同时,还能够提高患者的治愈率。     

微生物检验技术对住院患者感染的控制效果

目的探究分析微生物检验技术对住院患者感染的控制效果。方法选取本院收治的住院患者200例为研究对象,收治时间均在2015年4月至2016年8月期间,经简单随机分组的方式将患者分为对照组与观察组,依据临床用药经验给予对照组患者用药,观察组患者则通过微生物检验技术进行用药,对比两组患者发生感染的情况及控制效果。结果观察组患者的上述观察指标均明显优于对照组,P0.05。结论微生物检验技术对住院患者感染的控制效果显著,值得在今后临床中广泛推广。     

微生物检测在临床应用中的质量控制探析

随着微生物检测技术的迅速发展,其在临床上的重要价值也逐渐凸现出来,是临床诊断疾病的一项重要方法。但微生物检测实践性比较强,需要操作人员具有扎实的理论知识和较强的实践能力,能够充分将理论知识完美的融合在操作中。微生物检测的结果直接影响到治疗效果和预后,因此,应对其检测质量进行有效控制,以提高诊断准确率。本文从检验人员、样本、仪器设备等室内质量控制和室间质量控制方面对微生物检测在临床应用中的质量控制进行分析。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.