西酞普兰联合利培酮治疗难治性抑郁症的疗效对照研究

目的探讨西酞普兰联合利培酮治疗难治性抑郁症的安全性和疗效。方法将69例难治性抑郁症患者随即分为两组,研究组采用西酞普兰联合利培酮治疗,对照组仅用西酞普兰治疗。两组作4周治疗观察。于人组前及人组后第2、4周末分别用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMA）,汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）及不良反应量表进行评定。结果两组在治疗后第1、2及4周末HAMD、HAMA总分及减分率的差异有统计学意义,两组间有效率的差异也有统计学意义。药物不良反应两组间元明显差异。结论西酞普兰联合利培酮治疗难治性抑郁症疗效要明显优于单独西酞普兰治疗（P〈0．05）,药物不良反应两组问无明显差异（P〉0．05）。     

草酸艾司西酞普兰联合经颅磁刺激对青壮年卒中后抑郁的治疗研究

目的 探讨经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗青壮年卒中后抑郁(PSD)的治疗效果。方法 选取2021年6月至2023年7月就诊于保定市第一中心医院与河北省第六人民医院的的青壮年PSD患者共106例,随机分为草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗组(38例)、草酸艾司西酞普兰联合高频rTMS治疗组(32例)及草酸艾司西酞普兰联合低频rTMS治疗组(36例),经过4 w治疗后采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17 (HAMD-17)及患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9)观察各组治疗效果及抑郁症状改善情况。结果经治疗后,各组HAMD-17量表评分较治疗前均有降低;除单纯草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗组外,其余两组PHQ9量表抑郁评分较治疗前均有降低。总体来说,草酸艾司西酞普兰联合rTMS治疗组评分均低于非联合治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但高频rTMS治疗组与低频rTMS治疗组之间差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论 草酸艾司西酞普兰联合rTMS能够降低青壮年PSD患者HAMD-17评分及PHQ-9评分,改善抑郁症状。     

艾司西酞普兰联合阿立哌唑治疗强迫症患者的疗效观察

目的：探讨艾司西酞普兰与阿立哌唑联合治疗强迫症的疗效及不良反应。方法：对60例强迫症患者随机分为单用艾司西酞普兰组（单用组）及艾司西酞普兰与阿立哌唑联合用药组（合用组）治疗强迫症患者各30例进行开放、随机、对照研究,通过耶鲁布朗强迫量表（Y-BOCS）评定疗效,治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果：艾司西酞普兰治疗后显著改善强迫症状,艾司西酞普兰联合阿立哌唑也能显著改善强迫症状,后者改善效果更好;两组不良反应轻微。结论：艾司西酞普兰联合阿立哌唑较单用艾司西酞普兰的抗强迫效果更好。     

西酞普兰合并小剂量舒比利治疗恶劣心境的对照研究

目的 探讨西酞普兰合并小剂量舒比利治疗恶劣心境的疗效及不良反应.方法 将68例恶劣心境患者随机分为两组.研究组35例,采用西酞普兰合并小剂量舒比利;对照组33例,单用西酞普兰.两组共治疗6周,于入组时及治疗后第1、2、4、6周末分别采用HAMD及TESS进行评定.于入组时及治疗后6周末进行CGI-SI评定.结果 两组在...     

艾司西酞普兰片治疗抑郁症的Ⅱ期临床研究

目的评价艾司西酞普兰片治疗抑郁症的有效性和安全性。方法对符合《DSM—IV》抑郁症诊断标准的36例抑郁症患者进行艾司西酞普兰片和西酞普兰的对照研究，其中艾司西酞普兰片组18例（10mg／d），西酞普兰组18例（20mg／d），共治疗6周。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、临床总体评定量表（CGI）评定临床疗效，不良事件量表（AE）评定安全性。结果经6周治疗后，艾司西酞普兰组治疗总有效率为88．9％，西酞普兰组为75．0％，两组比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。两组HAMD、HAMA评分治疗前后差异有高度显著性（P〈0．001）。两组药物不良反应的发生率无显著性差异（P〉0．05），常见的不良反应有恶心、口干、头昏等。结论艾司西酞普兰片治疗抑郁症疗效好，不良反应少而轻，适合临床应用。     

西酞普兰治疗惊恐障碍对照研究

目的探讨西酞普兰对惊恐障碍患者的疗效及副作用。方法对46例惊恐障碍患者随机分成西酞普兰治疗组、帕罗西汀对照组,并用HAMA、GAS、SERS对患者治疗前后进行评估。结果除了在治疗第1周末,西酞普兰治疗组的HAMA分值高于对照组外,在第2、4、6周末,两组患者的HAMA、GAS分值差异均无显著性意义。西酞普兰组患者在治疗6周末,治愈率及有效率分别为63.2%、84.2%,而帕罗西汀组分别为68.2%、90.9%,与帕罗西汀组相比差异无显著性意义。西酞普兰组平均剂量(41.87±15.36)mg/d;帕罗西汀组平均剂量(40.91±14.44)mg/d。在副作用方面,两组患者差异也无统计学意义。结论西酞普兰治疗惊恐障碍患者疗效及副作用与帕罗西汀相当。     

西酞普兰与阿米替林治疗老年抑郁症的临床对照研究

目的探讨西酞普兰治疗老年抑郁症的临床疗效和安全性。方法将79例老年抑郁症患者随机分配至西酞普兰组和阿米替林组。西酞普兰治疗剂量为20mg～60mg/d,阿米替林治疗剂量为100mg～300mg/d,疗程均为6周。采用汉米顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评定疗效,采用副反应症状量表（TESS）、体格检查、实验室检查评定其安全性。结果西酞普兰组有效率为92%,与阿米替林的87%相当（P〉0.05）,西酞普兰组不良反应少且轻微,患者耐受性好。结论西酞普兰治疗老年抑郁症疗效好且安全。     

奎硫平对老年期抑郁症的辅助治疗作用

目的:探讨小剂量奎硫平联合西酞普兰治疗老年期抑郁症的疗效和安全性.方法:采用随机开放对照研究,对56例老年期抑郁症患者随机分为合用组与单用组,疗程8周,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、临床总体印象量表评定症状,Asberg抗抑郁剂不良反应量表评定不良反应.结果:合用组治疗老年期抑郁症的疗效要明显优于单一应用西酞普兰治疗(P<0.05),不良反应两组间无明显差异(P>0.05).结论:小剂量奎硫平联合西酞普兰治疗老年期抑郁症具有安全性,其疗效明显优于单一应用西酞普兰治疗.     

艾司西酞普兰联合枕叶重复经颅磁刺激对首发抑郁障碍患者前注意功能的影响

目的:探讨草酸艾司西酞普兰联合枕叶重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对首发抑郁障碍(MDD)患者前注意加工的影响。方法:38例首发未治疗的MDD患者随机分为rTMS真刺激组20例及伪刺激组18例。两组在服用草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗的基础上,分别接受连续20 d的枕叶rTMS真或伪刺激治疗;分别于治疗前后采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项(HAMD-17)评估抑郁症状;采用失匹配负波(MMN)评估认知功能。结果:两组HAMD总分治疗后均显著低于治疗前,但组间差异无统计学意义;治疗后真刺激组MMN潜伏期显著低于治疗前及伪刺激组(P均0.001)。结论:联合枕叶rTMS不能增强草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗MDD患者早期疗效,但有效改善认知功能中的前注意加工。     

西酞普兰合并奥氮平治疗伴躯体障碍抑郁症的对照研究

目的探讨西酞普兰合并奥氮平对伴有躯体症状抑郁症的治疗效果。方法将67例患者随机分为单用西酞普兰组和西酞普兰合并奥氮平组,进行3个月的治疗,采用汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、副反应量表(TESS)和自编躯体症状调查表等进行测评。结果在抑郁症状缓解方面两组均显效;对于躯体症状的改善,合用组优于单用组,两组副作用均较小。结论西酞普兰合并奥氮平在治疗伴躯体障碍抑郁症方面效果优于单用西酞普兰。     

椎体成形治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折影响因素的多元回归分析：与置入物固定、器械种类、伤椎节段有关吗？

背景：目前椎体成形在脊柱外科应用日益广泛,疗效显著,但国内外文献对其影响因素的报道很少,仅有少量对单个因素的研究。 目的：对22个可能因素进行分析,旨在寻找影响椎体成形治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折愈后的因素,建立多元线性回归方程。 方法：采用门诊复查方式有效随访到61例椎体成形患者,平均随访17个月,由两名脊柱外科医生对患者进行治疗前后目测类比评分,结果采用两人评分的平均值。由患者自行填写影响因素信息表,应用SAS 9.1.3统计学软件分析影响因素与椎体成形前后目测类比评分的关系。 结果与结论：椎体成形治疗各种性质胸腰椎骨折疗效显著;椎体成形后疗效与伤椎节段、病程、器械种类、是否内固定有关;建议使用Sky产品;椎体成形同时应该合理选用椎弓根钉棒系统内固定,把握好手术适应证,能不行内固定尽量不用;及早发现骨折并早期治疗。     

渐进性肌肉放松训练对四肢骨折患者精神心理状态的影响

目的 分析四肢骨折患者应用渐进性肌肉放松训练治疗后精神心理状态及睡眠质量变化.方法 选取我院2018年6月至2019年9月收治的111例四肢骨折患者作为主要研究对象.采用随机数字表法分组,对照组55例给予心理治疗,在此基础上,观察组56例增加渐进性肌肉放松训练,对比两组患者治疗后抑郁自评量表(self-rating d...     

Comparison of unilateral versus bilateral balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Thirty-one patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) were treated with unilateral balloon kyphoplasty (BKP), and 31 patients were treated with bilateral BKP. The efficacy of unilateral and bilateral BKP was assessed by comparing operation time, X-ray exposure times, incidence of complications, vertebral height restoration, and improvement of the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. The mean operative time and the exposure time to X-rays in the unilateral BKP group was less than that of the bilateral BKP group (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the cement leakage rate, VAS score, or vertebral height restoration between the two groups (p>0.05). Unilateral and bilateral BKP are safe and effective treatments for OVCF. Compared with bilateral BKP, patients undergoing unilateral BKP have shorter operations and receive lower X-ray radiation doses.     

Vertebroplasty for pain relief and spinal stabilization in multiple myeloma

Mechanical stabilization of oncological vertebral fractures with cement augmentation is the first mechanism of pain relief, with or without restoration of vertebral body height. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of vertebroplasty for painful vertebral body fractures in patients with multiple myeloma, in each phase of the disease. The authors reviewed a consecutive group of patients with multiple myeloma who underwent vertebroplasty at our Institute between November 2003 and December 2005. Twenty-eight levels were performed on 11 patients during 14 treatment sessions. All patients suffered from intractable back pain, and presented various lesion types (with and without fractures of posterior wall, and with and without epidural disease). The preoperative median visual analog scale (VAS) score was 7. The median duration of symptoms was 1.1 months. Eight patients were ambulating with orthopaedic devices (57%) in the pre-treatment period. Improvement or complete pain relief was observed in all patients (immediately in 8 cases, and after 2 days in 6 cases). The median VAS pain score decreased to 2. There was no symptomatic procedure-related complication. There were three cases (21%) of PMMA leakage: in the disc space in one case (7%), and in the anterior spinal canal in two cases (14%). Complete removal of orthopaedic devices was obtained in five patients (36%). No new deformation or collapse of the treated vertebrae was observed during the follow-up (range 1 day–25 months). In conclusion, vertebroplasty is a safe and efficient procedure in the treatment of painful vertebral body fractures in patients with multiple myeloma, without potential contraindications, such as fractures of the posterior wall or epidural disease. We also treated three and more levels in 28% of cases in a single session without complications. Due to the early pain relief and the low complication rate, it is possible to expand the indication to vertebroplasty for the prophylactic augmentation of those vertebral bodies at risk of fracture in which significant neoplastic substitution of the body is present.     

椎体成形术在椎体肿瘤治疗中的应用（附19例分析）

目的 探讨椎体成形术在椎体肿瘤治疗中的应用效果。方法 回顾性分析2012年6月至2015年8月应用椎体成形术治疗的19例椎体肿瘤的临床资料。结果 共成形29个椎体。经皮手术14例（24个椎体）,有6例（6个椎体）发生渗漏;术后3 d,11例疼痛明显缓解,2例改善不明显,1例加重。开放式脊柱手术中联合应用5例（5个椎体）,均效果良好。结论 椎体成形术是治疗椎体肿瘤的创伤小、安全、有效的治疗手段。     

文拉法辛对老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者心理健康状况的影响

目的探讨文拉法辛对老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)患者心理健康状况的影响。方法选取我院2018年1月1日~2019年9月30日的老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折合并焦虑抑郁患者100例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组。对照组50例患者给予唑来膦酸注射液和心理治疗,观察组50例患者在此基础上增加文拉法辛治疗。治疗2个月后,观察比较两组患者治疗前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评分,及血钙(Ca)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和磷(P)的水平变化。结果治疗后,两组患者的SAS、SDS和PSQI评分较前降低,且观察组患者的评分低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的血清Ca、P较前升高、AKP较前降低,且观察组患者血清各指标改善优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论文拉法辛可有效缓解OVCF合并焦虑抑郁患者的焦虑抑郁情绪,提高睡眠质量,改善骨代谢能力,值得临床推广应用。     

注入骨水泥椎体成形与非手术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的Meta分析

背景：注入骨水泥椎体成形或称经皮椎体成形术作为治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的微创技术,一些病例报道及非随机对照研究揭示了椎体成形对骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折引起的疼痛有效。然而,这些研究主要基于回顾性的病例分析,缺乏高质量的随机对照研究。 目的：通过系统评价Meta分析的方法对椎体成形术与非手术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效进行评价。 方法：计算机检索Cochrane Library(2010年第4期) 、PubMed (1966/2010-11)、EMBASE(1974/2010-11)、CBM (1978/2010-11)、CNKI(1994/2010-11)、和万方数据库(1997/2010-11)。纳入椎体成形术与非手术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的随机对照试验,按照Cochrane Handbook 5.0 进行严格的质量评估,采用RevMan 5.0.1软件进行Meta分析。 结果与结论: 共纳入4个随机对照试验,共445例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与保守治疗比较,随访1,4,24,48 周时椎体成形术在缓解疼痛方面更明显,在新发骨折发生方面,两种治疗方法没有差别;与安慰剂相比,随访4周时椎体成形术在缓解疼痛、提高腰部功能活动及改善生活质量方面并无明显优势。受系统评价纳入研究数量以及质量的限制,上述结论尚需要更多高质量的随机对照试验进一步验证。     

Classification of symptomatic osteoporotic compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine.

The pathophysiology of osteoporotic compression fractures is different from those occurring secondary to traumatic spinal injury, and currently, there is no classification suitable for symptomatic osteoporotic compression fractures treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty. We propose a new classification based on the radiological appearance in the subacute or chronic stage of the clinical presentation of these fractures. They are classified by the authors based on observations and measurements from preoperative and postoperative dynamic lateral radiographs. Compression fractures are divided into two types. Type I is a compression fracture involving the anterior column only. Type II is a fracture involving both the anterior and middle column. Each type is divided into two groups: fractures with union and those with non-union. Type II compression fractures have a higher incidence of non-union than type I (p<0.05). In both type I and II non-union groups, fractures achieve greater increase in vertebral body height after vertebroplasty than both type I and type II union group fractures (p<0.05). In both non-union groups, fractures achieved a greater reduction of kyphotic angle post-vertebroplasty than type I and II union group fractures (p<0.05). Further clinical follow-up of these patients will confirm and extend this classification.     

Osteoporotic burst fracture with spinal canal compromise treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty

Objective

There has been minimal literature reporting on results of osteoporotic burst fracture with spinal canal compromise treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty. Vertebroplasty for treatment of osteoporotic burst fracture is controversial. We want to clarify whether the osteoporotic burst fracture with spinal canal compromise is a contraindication to percutaneous vertebroplasty. To compare the clinical and radiological results between osteoporotic burst and compression fractures treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Patients and methods

From 2005 through 2006, 23 osteoporotic burst fracture patients with asymptomatic spinal canal compromise and 41 osteoporotic compression fracture patients underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty. Pre- and post-operative pain scores, functional and radiographic results and complications were analyzed.

Results

The average canal compromise in study group was 15% (5–49%). The mean post-operative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Visual Analogue Score (VAS), kyphotic angle, vertebral body height measurement from the anterior, central and posterior part of the body are all significantly improved in both the study and control groups when compared to pre-operative data. However, there was no significant difference between study and control groups in pre- and post-operative ODI, VAS, kyphotic angle and improvement of body height. There were no significant differences (P = 0.3797) in cement leakage rate between burst and compression groups (47.8% vs 36.6%). All the leakages were minor and without neurological deficit. The percentage of adjacent fractures in both groups also had no significant differences (39.1% in burst and 41.5% in compression group).

Conclusions

Osteoporotic burst fracture with asymptomatic spinal canal compromise is not a contraindication for percutaneous vertebroplasty. This procedure is suitable for both osteoporotic burst and compression fracture with careful surgical technique.     

单侧穿刺经皮椎体注入骨水泥后凸成形治疗多椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折

背景：经皮椎体成形和经皮椎体后凸成形是一种治疗骨质疏松症所致椎体压缩性骨折的新方法,目前已经在各大医院广泛开展,但是在临床上很多病例有多个椎体的骨折,采用经典的手术方法操作次数多,增加手术风险,射线暴露量大,医疗费用高。 目的：观察单侧穿刺经皮椎体后凸成形治疗老年多椎体骨质疏松压缩骨折的疗效。 方法：选择2007-06/2009-06巢湖市第一人民医院骨二科和皖南医学院附属弋矶山医院骨一科收治的多椎体骨质疏松压缩骨折患者12例(29椎),根据治疗前MRI信号改变判断疼痛性椎体并进行选择性单侧穿刺球囊扩张后凸成形的治疗。根据目测类比评分评价手术前后疼痛变化,观察治疗后症状改善、骨折复位情况及有无并发症发生。 结果与结论：12例穿刺均顺利完成,48 h内疼痛缓解,平均随访14个月。治疗后目测类比评分较治疗前降低(P < 0.01)。椎体前缘、中部、后缘平均高度治疗前低于治疗后,至末次随访椎体复位后前缘、中部、后缘平均高度未见明显丢失(P > 0.05)。治疗前穿刺侧与对侧椎体高度差距有显著性意义(P < 0.01),治疗后两侧差距无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。治疗前后同侧相比差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.01)。提示对多椎体压缩骨折采用选择性单侧穿刺后凸成形治疗,临床效果满意,能够缩短治疗时间、减少并发症、射线暴露和治疗费用,适于老年多椎体骨质疏松压缩骨折的治疗。 关键词：骨质疏松;脊柱;压缩骨折;后凸成形;骨水泥 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.25.025