99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT联合血清碱性磷酸酶和钙离子诊断单发骨转移瘤

Objective To investigate the clinical value of 99mTc methylene diphosphonate (MDP) SPECT/CT bone imaging combined with serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium ion (Ca2+) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant nature of single bone tumors. Methods 106 patients with confirmed malignant tumors and single bone tumors in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were included. After admission, 99mTc MDP SPECT/CT whole body and local bone imaging was completed and serum ALP and Ca2+levels were detected. Routine follow-up for at least 6 months, based on the pathological or comprehensive imaging (CT and MRI) findings of bone tumors, the diagnosis of benign and malignant bone tumors should be made. Results There were 44 confirmed cases of bone metastases and 62 negative cases, the gender, age, and primary tumor types of the two groups were comparable (P>0.05). Bone imaging diagnosed 53 cases of bone metastases and 53 cases were negative. The accuracy of bone imaging in diagnosing bone metastases was 78.3% [(37+46)/106], sensitivity was 84.1% (37/44), specificity was 74.2% (46/62), positive predictive value was 69.8% (37/53), and negative predictive value was 86.8% (46/53). The serum ALP and Ca2+levels in the bone metastasis group were significantly higher than the negative group (P<0.05). ROC showed AUC of bone imaging combined with ALP+Ca2+for the diagnosis of bone metastases was 0.876 (95% CI=0.823~0.924, P<0.001), sensitivity of 88.6% and specificity of 90.5%. Conclusion 99mTc MDP SPECT/CT bone imaging could provide structural changes and functional metabolic characteristics of single bone metastases, with good sensitivity, but limited specificity and accuracy. Combining serum ALP and Ca2+can furtherly improve diagnostic performance and has important clinical potential.     

Comparison of 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography and electron beam computed tomography for detecting coronary artery disease in patients with no myocardial infarction

Background Previous studies have compared single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) in detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). The purpose of this study was to compare SPECT with EBCT in detection of CAD in patients with no MI.Methods One hundred and forty-seven patients with suspected CAD underwent stress-rest 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) myocardial SPECT, cardiac EBCT and coronary angiography (CAG) within one month. Of them, 73 patients (aged 52.6±10.6 years old) with no history of MI were included in this study. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) was defined as a CT value ≥130 HU within the boundary of coronary artery on EBCT. Results There were 35 and 38 patients with or without CAD according to CAG. Ninety-six percent of the patients with abnormal SPECT and CAC had a coronary arteries stenosis ≥50%, and 90.9% patients with normal SPECT and EBCT showed no CAD. The sensitivity of SPECT and EBCT in detection of CAD was comparable, and the specificity of SPECT (92.1%) was significantly higher than that of EBCT (55.3%) (P&lt;0.005). For the detection of individual coronary artery stenosis, both sensitivity and specificity of SPECT (75.0% and 93.7%) were significantly higher than those of EBCT (53.3% and 76.7%) (P&lt;0.025 and P&lt;0.005, respectively). In patients without chest pain, the sensitivity and specificity of SPECT (76.9% and 91.4%) were significantly higher than those of EBCT (23.1% and 69.0%) in detection of a coronary artery stenosis of ≥50% (P&lt;0.01 and P&lt;0.005, respectively). However, in patients with chest pain, both sensitivity and specificity of SPECT were comparable to those of EBCT. In patients ≤45 years old, the sensitivity of SPECT (77.8%) was significantly higher than that of EBCT (27.8%) in assessing a coronary artery stenosis of ≥50% (P&lt;0.005), and the specificity of SPECT was comparable to that of EBCT. In patients &gt;45 years old, the specificity of SPECT (94.3%) was significantly higher than that of EBCT (70.5%) (P&lt;0.005), and the sensitivity of SPECT was comparable to that of EBCT. Conclusion 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion SPECT has higher accuracy than that of EBCT in detection of CAD in patients without MI.     

Evaluation of 99mTc- MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging with intravenous infusion of adenosine triphosphate in diagnosis of coronary artery disease

Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety and diagnostic accuracy of pharmacologic stress of 99m Technetium- MIBI single- photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with intravenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.Methods The study group included 263 patients who were suspected of having coronary artery disease. All patients underwent (99m)Tc- MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging with ATP infusion (0. 16 mg/kg body weight per min for 5 min). 20 mCi of (99m)Tc- MIBI were injected 3 minutes after the start of ATP infusion. Myocardial SPECT images were obtained 60 minutes later. Then, two days later, 20 mCi of(99m)Tc- MIBI were administered at rest and myocardial SPECT was repeated. 51 patients also underwent coronary angiography within two weeks for evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of ATP- myocardial perfusion imaging in detection of coronary artery disease. The occurrence of cardiac and non- cardiac adverse effects was carefully monitored during and after intravenous ATP infusion. Results The ATP infusion protocol was completed in all patients. Although 59% of the patients had various kinds of adverse effects, most of them were mild. No patient required aminophyline. The most severe adverse effect was second degree type Ⅱ atria- ventricular block (4/263), but all events were transient. The sensitivity and specificity of ATP- myocardial perfusion imaging were 97% and 82%, respectively. Conclusions It is shown that 99m Technetium- MIBI SPECT with intravenous ATP is a safe and feasible technique for detecting coronary artery disease in patients unable to perform the exercise test.     

Application of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in diagnosing bladder tumor metastasis lesions

Bladder tumor is the most common malignant tumor in urinary system and always companied with lymph node metastasis. The accurate staging plays a significant role in treatment for bladder tumor and prognostic evaluation, and the distant metastasis predicts worse prognosis. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical significance of 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging in diagnosing bladder tumor metastasis lesions. A retrospective analysis of 60 patients with bladder tumor from October 2008 to May 2010 was done. The patients were stratified based on the imaging technique. Among all 60 cases, besides the primary lesion, 81 suspected lesions were spotted and 73 confirmed as metastasis, including 50 lymph node metastases, 22 distant metastases, and 1 bone metastasis. For PET/CT imaging, its sensitivity was 94.5%, specificity 87.5%, positive predictive value 98.6%, negative predictive value 63.6% and accuracy 93.8% respectively. For CT, its sensitivity was 82.2%, specificity 50%, positive predictive value 93.8%, negative predictive value 23.5% and accuracy 79% respectively. PET/CT imaging was superior to CT in sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. In conclusion, 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging is more significant in diagnosing bladder tumor metastasis lesions.     

Role of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of adnexal masses

Background Laparoscopy has been accepted for years as a management of benign ovarian tumors. The aim of this study was to estimate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopy in diagnosis and management of adnexal masses. Methods A total of 2083 patients with benign adnexal mass were treated by laparoscopy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2000 to December 2003. Their clinical data were reviewed retrospectively. All the adnexal masses suspicious of malignancy at the time of laparoscopy were sent for frozen section evaluation intraoperatively. The rates of unexpected intracystic vegetation and low malignant potential （LMP） tumor or malignancy were investigated. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of laparoscopic diagnosis for LMP or ovarian malignancies were calculated. The ratios were compared by Chi-square test and the continuous variables were tested using two-tailed t test. Results Of the 2083 patients, 16 had LMP or invasive tumors （0.77%）, among which 14 were diagnosed histologically intraoperatively and 2 postoperatively. Fifty-five （2.6%） of the 2083 patients had unexpected intracystic vegetations. Their frozen sections showed benign tumors in 41 （74.5%）, LMP tumors in 8 （14.5%）, and focal invasive ovarian cancers （stage Ic） in 6 （10.9%）. The final pathological diagnosis were benign tumors in 41 （74.5%）, LMP tumors 7 （12.7%）, and focal invasive ovarian cancers （stage Ic） in 7 （12.7%）. Laparoscopy achieved a sensitivity of 87.5%, specificity of 98%, positive predictive value of 25.5%, and negative predictive value of 99.9% in the diagnosis of ovarian malignancies. 2067 cases with benign adnexal masses underwent laparoscopy successfully. No conversion to laparotomy, or intra- and postoperative complications in this series. Of the 16 patients with LMP or invasive ovarian cancer, seven underwent laparoscopic surgery including immediate staging laparoscopy in 3. The mean follow-up was 17.3 months for the 16 patients. Among them, 1 developed a recurrent LMP tumor in the contralateral ovary 36 months after laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy, and received subsequent laparoscopic cystectomy and pelvic lymph node sampling; the others had no evidence of recurrent tumor during the follow-up. Contusion Laparoscopy is feasible for diagnosis of adnexal masses, and the surgery is safe for patients with benign ovarian tumors.     

Diagnosis of brain death: confirmatory tests after clinical test

Background The brain death confirmation tests occupy a different position in each country＇s diagnostic criteria （or guideline）; the choices of tests are also different.China brain death criteria include clinical judgment and confirmation tests.This study aimed to confirm the preferred confirmatory test and complementary confirmatory tests.Methods We did a clinical brain death determination on deep coma patients,and then divided them into brain death group and non-brain death group.According to the Chinese standards for determining brain death,both the groups accepted confirmatory tests including electroencephalograph （EEG）,somatosensory evoked potentials （SEP）,and transcranial Doppler （TCD）.The sensitivity,specificity,false positive rate,and false negative rate were calculated to evaluate the accuracy of the confirmatory tests.Results Among the 131 cases of patients,103 patients met the clinical criteria of brain death.Respiratory arrest provocation test was performed on 44 cases and 32 cases （73％） successfully completed and confirmed that they have no spontaneous breathing.Of the three confirmation tests,EEG had the highest completion rate （98％） and good sensitivity （83％） and specificity （97％）; TCD had followed completion rate （54％） and not good sensitivity （73％） and specificity （75％）; SEP had the lowest completion rate （49％）,good sensitivity （100％）,and not good specificity （78％）.After the combination of SEP or TCD with EEG,the specificity can increase to 100％.Conclusions The completion rate of respiratory arrest provocation test remains a problem in the clinical diagnosis of brain death.If the test cannot be completed,whether to increase a confirmatory test is debatable.SEP had an ideal sensitivity,and the specificity will reach 100％ after combining with TCD or EEG.When a confirmed test was uncertain,we suggest increasing another confirmatory test.     

Preoperative serum alkaline phosphatase: a predictive factor for early hypocalcaemia following parathyroidectomy of primary hyperparathyroidism

Background Postoperative hypocalcemia is one of the most common complications following parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism （PHPT）. The aim of this study was to analyze the predictive value of biochemical parameters as indicators for episodes of hypocalcemia in patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for PHPT. Methods The patients with PHPT who underwent parathyroidectomy between February 2004 and February 2014 were studied retrospectively at a single medical center. The patients were divided into biochemical, clinical, and no postoperative hypocalcemia groups, based on different clinical manifestations, Potential risk factors for postoperative hypocalcemia were identified and investigated by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 139 cases, 25 patients （18.0%） were diagnosed with postoperative hypocalcemia according to the traditional criterion. Univariate analysis revealed only alkaline phosphatase （ALP） and the small area under the curve （AUG） of receiver operating characteristics （ROC） curve for ALP demonstrates low accuracy in predicting the occurrence of postoperative hypocalcemia. Based on new criteria, 22 patients were added to the postoperative hypocalcemia group and similar biochemical parameters were compared. The serum ALP was a significant independent risk factor for postoperative hypocalcemia （P=0.000） and its AUC of ROC curve was 0.783. The optimal cutoff point was 269 U/L and the sensitivity and specificity for prediction were 89.2% and 64.3%, respectively. Conclusions The risk of postoperative hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy should be emphasized for patients with typical symptoms of hypocalcemia despite their serum calcium level is in normal or a little higher range. Serum ALP is a predictive factor for the occurrence of postoperative hypocalcemia.     

Stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma

Objective To explore the therapeutic alternatives and evaluate the related clinical results of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) treated with gamma knife radiosurgery(GKS).Methods From January 1995 to December 2001, 44 patients suffering from PCNSL, who had undergone stereotactic biopsy or craniotomy, and who had received a confirmed dignosis through pathological examination, were treated with GKS. All cases were followed up for 1-46 months with an average postoperative period of 27 months. The clinical materials, image features, treatment methods and results of follow-up, were retrospectively reviewed.Results The symptoms and signs of the patients were markedly improved within 1-3 weeks after GKS. The Kanofsky performance status was also improved from a preoperative average of 40% to a postoperative one of 90%. Thiry-eight patients (86.36%) were in complete remission (CR), the other six (13.63%) were in partial remission (PR). The local control rate reached 100%, and the median survival time was 26.5 months. The main side effect was brain edema, which can be treated with dexamethasone and mannitol.Conclusion GKS is a safe and effective method in multimodality treatment of PCNSL A stereotactic biopsy coupled with GKS is the first choice for diagnosis and treatment. Adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy should then be given according to the patient‘s condition.     

Target imaging diagnosis of human brain glioma. Clinical analysis of 40 cases.

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for localization and qualitative diagnosis of glioma.

METHODS The monoclonal antibody SZ-39 against human glioma was labelled with 131I and injected intravenously into 40 patients with intracranial occupying lesions proved by X-CT. 72 hours after 131I-McAb-SZ39 administration, cranial bone nuclide-imaging agent 99mTc-MDP was injected intravenously, and the patients were examined by SPECT scan with dual nuclide double channel tomography and special software. On radio-immuno-image, the immunocomplex formed by specific conjugation of 131I-McAb-SZ39 with target tissue was red, while the cranial bone incorporated with 99mTc-MDP was green. The location of the immunocomplex area could be identified by the superimposition of the images.

RESULTS 21 patients with positive targeting diagnosis of glioma showed the accuracy rate checked by SPECT was 81%(17/21) and by X-CT 48% (10/21). Seven patients with negative targeting diagnosis showed the accuracy rate checked by SPECT was 86%(6/7) and by X-CT 14% (1/7). Pathologically, the sensitivity of targeting SPECT to glioma was 94.5%(17/18) and that of X-CT 55%(10/18).

CONCLUSIONS Targeting SPECT examination could be used for localization and qualitative diagnosis of glioma and make up the inadequacy of X-CT in the qualitative diagnosis of atypical incipient and recurrent glioma, meningioma, metastatic carcinoma, and inflammatory lesions of brain.

     

DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF WHOLE BODY DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING FOR SCREENING PRIMARY TUMORS OF PATIENTS WITH METASTASES

Objective To evaluate the values of whole body diffusion weighted imaging （DWI） in screenmg pnmary unknown tumor in patients with metastases.
Methods Totally, 34 patients with metastases of primary unknown tumors were scanned with whole body DWI, and conventional magnetic resonance （MR） imaging was performed if suspected lesions were detected. All the metastases including 27 cases of osseous metastases, 2 brain metastases, 2 liver metastases, 1 pulmonary multiple metastasis, 1 neck metastasis and 1 malignant ascites, were diagnosed by computed tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, or MR imaging. For the proven primary tumors diagnosed by biopsy or pathology of surgical specimens, apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values of the primary and metastatic lesions were measured respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of this technique for screening primary tumors were cvaluated.
Results We found 24 cases with suspected primary lesions, in which 23 lesions were proved to be primary tumors, and 1 was proved to be benign lesion. And no definite primary lesion was found in 10 cases on whole body DWI, but in which 1 case was diagnosed with primary tumor by biopsy later, and the other 9 cases remained unknown within follow-up of over halfa year. The difference was not significant in ADC values between primary and metastatic lesions （P〉0.05）. The sensitivity and specificity of whole body DWI for searching primary tumors was 95.8% and 90.0%, respectively.
Conclusion Combined with conventional MR scanning, whole body DWI can help to search primary lesions of patients with metastases.     

^99mTc—MIBI脑SPECT对脑胶质瘤的诊断价值

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of (99m)Tc-MIBI brain single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) in diagnosis of glioma. METHODS: Fifty-nine patients with glioma, 6 with brain abscess and 9 healthy controls underwent (99m)Tc-MIBI brain SPECT, and the diagnostic indices such as the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated. The tumor to non-tumor (T/NT) ratios were calculated according to the region of interest (ROI) and compared between the glioma group, healthy control group and brain abscess group by t test. RESULTS: Among the 59 cases of glioma, 51 showed positive results in (99m)Tc-MIBI SPECT, along with one of the healthy controls and 4 of brain abscess patients. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the diagnosis were 86.4%, 66.7% and 82.4%, respectively. The T/NT ratio of brain glioma group was 2.6+/-1.2, significantly higher than that of normal group (t=3.6199, P<0.001) and brain abscess group (t=2.1327, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: (99m)Tc-MIBI brain SPECT is sensitive for diagnosis of brain glioma, and can distinguish malignant from benign lesions effectively.     

儿童颅内肿瘤X-刀治疗疗效分析

目的 :初步分析X 刀对儿童颅内肿瘤的疗效。方法 :对 3 3例经X 刀治疗的儿童 ( 4～ 13岁 )脑瘤患者的临床资料 ,结合 4～ 2 4个月随访结果进行比较分析。结果 :3 3例患者治愈 6例 ( 18 2 % ) ,好转 2 1例 ( 63 6% ) ,死亡 6例 ( 18 2 % ) ,总控制率 (治愈 +好转 )为 81 8%。结论 :X -刀对儿童颅内肿瘤的疗效肯定 ,并发症少 ,对良性肿瘤如松果体区肿瘤及实质性颅咽管瘤可不经开颅手术而治愈 ,对颅内恶性肿瘤也是一种理想的治疗手段     

急性髓系白血病Bcl-2/Bax比值与细胞生长类型和耐药关系的研究

为了解白血病耐药与Bcl-2,Bax基因和细胞生长的关系,运用半固体培养,MTT药敏试验和免疫组织化学测定抗原表达的方法研究40例急性髓系白血病(AML)。结果:AML患者Bcl-2/Bax比值显著高于正常对照组,分别为12.21±8.05和0.75±0.05(P<0.001)。细胞集落生长组Bcl-2/Bax比值为(14.84±8.88)较无集落生长组(7.14±3.41)明显增高(P<0.05),耐药组和药物敏感组Bcl-2/Bax比值分别为14.32±8.99和7.50±5.04,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。Bcl-2/Bax高比值患者化疗反应差,缓解率明显低于低比值患者(P<0.05)。结论:Bcl-2、Bax异常表达是AML形成、发展和产生耐药的重要因素,检测Bcl-2/Bax比值对指导治疗,药物选择及判断预后有重要意义。     

99mTc-DTPA 断层显像在全脑放疗血脑屏障通透性研究中的应用

目的研究脑转移瘤全脑放疗中血脑屏障变化规律,为全脑放疗过程中化疗的介入时机提供影像学依据。方法对接受6MVX射线全脑外照射的20例脑转移瘤患者,在放射治疗前、放射治疗20Gy、40Gy及放射治疗结束后2周采用99mTc-DTPA核素进行脑断层显像,选择一帧显示肿瘤最好的横断层像,于肿瘤区(T)、对侧正常脑组织区(N)以及颅骨周围软组织外本底区(B)设置相同的感兴趣区,采集各区的放射性计数,分别计算放疗前、放疗20Gy、40Gy及放疗结束后2周时病灶、受到照射的正常脑组织部位的计数与本底区域计数的比值。结果放疗前20例患者其30个脑转移瘤的比值T/B和N/B分别为(142.2±51.1),(82.6±42.3);放疗20Gy时其比值分别为(260.3±121.5),(150.7±72.5);放疗40Gy时其比值分别为(251.6±118.3),(161.8±68.4);放疗结束后2周其比值分别为(250.3±117.2),(158.6±73.5)。20Gy组、40Gy组及放疗结束后2周组分别与放疗前组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但20Gy组、40Gy组及放疗结束后2周组两两比较差异无统计学意义(P>...     

99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT及18F-FDG SPECT/CT对孤立性肺结节的诊断效能比较

目的比较99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT及18F-FDG 符合线路SPECT/CT两种显像方法对孤立性肺结节的诊断效能,为中低收入 患者寻找更为经济有效的检查方式。方法回顾性分析经18F-FDG 符合线路SPECT/CT显像36例和经99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT 显像52例,共88例孤立性肺结节患者。根据病理或随访（>2年）结果将其分为恶性组和良性组。比较良恶性病灶组间差异、并 采用ROC曲线评价不同本底鉴别诊断良恶性病灶效能。病灶大小和病理学分级与L/N比值关系采用Spearman进行相关性分 析。结果18F-FDG 符合线路SPECT/CT显像及99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT显像的良恶性组L/N比值ROC曲线下面积分别为0.92、 0.88,差异无统计学意义（P=0.565）。所对应的灵敏度及特异度分别为76.92%（20/26）、100%（10/10）和80.77%（21/26）,88.46% （23/26）。病灶直径≤2 cm的孤立性肺结节经18F-FDG 符合线路SPECT/CT显像及99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT显像的L/N比值曲线 下面积分别为1.00及0.90（P=0.746）,2 cm     

甲亢患者的心肌灌注断层显像改变

目的:了解毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿(Graves病,GD)患者心肌灌注显像改变的临床意义。方法:应用SPECT仪对24例GD患者及20例正常对照者进行~(99m)Tc-MIBI心肌灌注显像。将左心室分成9个节段进行分析。分别计算2组受检者的放射性分布异常节段数及异常节段百分率,并进行比较。结果:24例GD患者中18例有放射性发布异常节段共60个,占总节段数的27.8％,经x~2检验,与对照组相比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。放射性分布异常节段以心尖部、前壁、前基底、下壁及后壁为多见,其中放射性分布明显稀疏共9个节段,占总节段数的4.2％。结论:心肌灌注显像可发现无心脏病临床表现的GD患者心肌缺血的部位、大小及严重程度,该方法简便、安全、可靠、无创伤。     

MIBI SPECT/CT显像在脊柱单发灶性质判定中的价值

目的探讨99 Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT显像在鉴别脊柱单发灶良、恶性质中的价值。方法 76例经99 Tcm-MDP平面及融合显像发现的脊柱单发灶患者,经金标准(病理)证实的恶性55例,良性21例,均行MIBI平面显像及SPECT/CT显像。在不知病理结果的情况下进行视觉读片,结果与金标准诊断结果进行对照并行统计学处理。结果 99 Tcm-MIBI平面显像及SPECT/CT显像的灵敏度分别为81.8%和92.7%(P<0.05),特异度分别为71.4%和95.2%(P<0.05)。结论 99 Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT显像远较其平面显像的灵敏度、特异度高,在脊柱单发灶的性质判定中有较好的临床应用价值。     

TACE联合HIFU治疗老年原发性肝癌的临床研究

目的：探讨经动脉化学治疗栓塞术（TACE）联合高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）对比单一 TACE 治疗老年（年龄大于或等于60岁）原发性肝癌的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析重庆医科大学附属第二医院72例老年原发性肝癌患者的临床资料,按治疗方式分为 TACE 联合 HIFU 治疗组（联合组,n＝36）与 TACE 治疗组（TACE 组：n＝36）,比较两组治疗后肿瘤缩小情况,甲胎蛋白（AFP）水平及肝功能变化,中位生存时间,1、2、3年生存率等指标。结果联合组较 TACE 组肿瘤缩小更明显（P＜0．05）,术后AFP 值减小更多（P＜0．05）;联合组及 TACE 组中位生存时间,1、2、3年生存率分别为：（32．0±6．9）个月、83．1％、57．3％、42．6％和（21．0±6．3）个月、62．9％、41．4％、22．3％,联合组中位生存时间及各对应时间点生存率较 TACE 组高（P＜0．05）;两组术后均无严重并发症。结论 TACE 联合 HIFU 治疗老年原发性肝癌是安全、有效的,较单一 TACE 治疗更能使老年肝癌患者获益。     

异机融合99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT对肺癌诊断的临床价值

目的:探讨99Tcm-MIBIS PECT/CT异机融合断层显像对肺癌的临床诊断价值。方法:选择65例肺部占位性病变患者行99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT异机融合断层显像,分析显像结果,计算SPECT/CT断层融合显像的摄取比值(UR);依据病理诊断将患者分成肺癌组和良性病变组,以良性病变组UR的x 1s为诊断阈值,评价其对肺癌的诊断效能。结果:45例肺癌患者SPECT断层融合显像的UR为2.56±0.53;20例肺部良性病灶患者UR为1.47±0.42,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT异机融合断层显像对肺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度分别为86.67%、85.00%、86.15%;假阳性率和假阴性率分别为15.00%和13.33%;阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为92.86%和73.91%。结论:99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT异机融合断层显像对肺癌诊断有较高的临床价值,为制定治疗方案提供重要依据。     

射波刀治疗小细胞肺癌脑转移的疗效分析

目的:探讨射波刀立体定向放射外科（SRS）治疗小细胞肺癌（SCLC）脑转移（BM）的有效性及安全性。方法:回顾性分析2006年7月-2015年12月期间SRS 治疗的28例SCLC脑转移的患者资料,其中包括全脑放疗（WBRT）与SRS联合治疗 13例,SRS挽救性治疗15例。分析总生存时间（OS）、颅内局部控制率（LC）及颅内无远处转移生存（DMFS）情况。结果:中位随访时间为13个月,中位生存期为12个月,1年、2年的OS分别为50.0%、22.2%;1年、2年的LC分别为85.4%、76.8%; 6个月、1年、2年的DMFS为73.9%、66.1%、38.2%。治疗后1.5月内,1~2级急性毒副反应发生率为10%,未见3级及3级以上急性毒副反应。结论:SRS治疗SCLC脑转移患者可取得较好的生存率,并且不良反应少,是安全有效的方法。