LMP-3功能区真核表达质粒的构建

目的:构建LMP-3功能区真核表达重组质粒.方法:设计合成LMP-3活性区引物,应用PCR方法,扩增其基因片段,亚克隆至真核表达质粒pEGFP-N1,最终构建重组表达质粒pEGFP-N1-LMP-3,同时进行酶切鉴定和测序.结果:PCR扩增LMP-3基因序列正确,构建的重组表达质粒pEGFP-N1-LMP-3经EcoR Ⅰ和HindⅢ双酶切及测序鉴定正确.结论:成功获得真核表达重组质粒pEGFP-N1-LMP-3,为进一步研究其成骨功能奠定基础.     

人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的构建人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-haFGF。方法 PCR扩增人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子（haFGF）基因,BglⅡ和HindⅢ双酶切后克隆入真核表达载体pEGFP-N1,构建haFGF真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-haFGF,并经限制性酶谱分析和DNA测序对重组表达载体的正确性进行鉴定。结果重组真核基因表达载体pEGFP-N1-haFGF经限制性内切酶BglⅡ和HindⅢ酶切,DNA电泳显示465 bp的haFGF目的片段和4 700 bp的pEGFP-N1载体片段,重组载体经DNA测序显示所克隆的haFGF基因核苷酸顺序与Genbank中记载的haFGF序列一致。结论本实验成功构建人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子真核表达载体,为进一步研究haFGF的功能奠定基础。     

弓形虫三磷酸核苷水解酶基因真核表达载体的构建

目的：构建编码弓形虫RH株三磷酸核苷水解酶（NTPase-Ⅱ）重组真核表达载体PVAX1-NTPase-Ⅱ。方法：采用PCR从弓形虫基因组DNA中扩增NTPase-Ⅱ基因,克隆入pGEM-T Easy载体,并对重组入外源基因的质粒通过PCR、酶切和测序鉴定;采用亚克隆将NTPase-Ⅱ基因克隆至真核表达载体PVAX1,筛选阳性重组质粒PVAX1-NTPase-Ⅱ,进行PCR、酶切和测序鉴定。结果：NTPase-Ⅱ的重组真核表达载体经PCR、酶切和测序鉴定,大小为1 887 bp,与预期大小一致;重组真核表达载体的核苷酸序列,与GenBank中的相应序列100%同源。结论：成功构建重组真核表达载体PVAX1-NTPase-Ⅱ,为弓形虫核酸疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

强制泛素化乙肝病毒核心抗原融合基因表达质粒的构建

目的 构建强制泛素化乙肝病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)融合基因真核表达质粒.方法 以HBV adr亚型全基因质粒pADR.为模板,PCR扩增HBcAg基因片段;无茵操作下分离Balb/C小鼠肝脏,提取mRNA,RTPCR扩增小鼠泛素基因片段.PCR产物经测序鉴定后双酶切,插入真核表达质粒pcDNA 3.1(-),构建重组真核表达质粒ub-HBcAg-pcDNA 3.1(-)酶切鉴定和基因测序.结果 扩增的泛素基因片段和HBcAg基因片段经测序证实序列正确;将上述基因双酶切后插入质粒pcDNA 3.1(-)中,构建强制泛素化rmcAg融合基因表达质粒ub-HBcAg-pcDNA3.1(-);融合基因真核表达质粒ub-HBcAG-pcDNA 3.1(-)经酶切、基因测序等鉴定证实目的基因序列和插入方向正确,与预期结果一致.结论 成功构建了强制泛素化乙肝病毒核心抗原融合基因真核表达质粒,为进一步研究强制泛素化HBcAg诱导HBV特异性CTL奠定了实验基础.     

pEGFP-N1-Fcy::Fur重组质粒的构建及其在卵巢癌细胞中的表达

目的:构建携带融合型自杀基因Fcy::Fur的荧光真核表达质粒pEGFP-N1-Fcy::Fur,并观察其在卵巢癌细胞中的表达.方法:应用基因重组技术,将pORF-Fcy::Fur中的Fcy::Fur目的基因亚克隆到荧光真核表达载体pEGFP-N1,以酶切1和测序鉴定重组质粒的正确性.应用脂质体介导的转染技术将该质粒导入SKOV3细胞,24 h后观察绿色荧光蛋白(Green fluorescent protein,GFP)瞬时表达情况,用Western blot方法检测Fcy::Fur表达.结果:酶切和测序鉴定证实插入片段正确.细胞转染24 h后,荧光显微镜下观察到GFP表达.60%转染细胞发出绿色荧光.Western-blot检测到Fcy::Fur表达.结论:成功构建pEGFP-N1-Fcy::Fur荧光真核表达质粒,并可在卵巢癌细胞中有效表达,为卵巢癌基因治疗提供实验基础.     

大鼠寡霉素敏感相关蛋白的克隆及真核表达载体的构建

目的:克隆大鼠寡霉素敏感相关蛋白(OSCP)的基因并构建pEGFP-N1真核表达载体。方法:采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)从大鼠脑组织中扩增出OSCP基因,将其插入到pTA2克隆载体中,测序鉴定后亚克隆至pEGFP-N1真核表达载体并进行酶切、测序鉴定。结果:PCR扩增出约为700 bp的基因片段;重组克隆载体pTA2-OSCP经测序鉴定证明pTA2载体中插入了目的基因片段;重组表达载体pEGFP-N1-OSCP经酶切、测序鉴定证明其构建成功。结论:OSCP基因克隆和真核表达载体构建成功,这为下一步开展该基因的重组蛋白表达及功能研究奠定了基础。     

登革2型病毒NS1-NS2a基因真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的 构建登革2型病毒NS1-NS2a基因真核表达质粒.方法 RT-PCR扩增NSI-NS2a基因片段后,将其克隆人真核表达载体pReceiver-M01a;过PCR、酶切、测序和间接免疫荧光染色鉴定重组质粒.结果 经PCR扩增、酶切和测序验证,重组质粒构建正确,命名为pRe-NS1-NS2a;重组质粒转染Vero细胞后,间接免疫荧光染色显示细胞质中有登革2型病毒特异性蛋白的表达.结论 成功构建了真核表达质粒pRe·NS1-NS2a.     

人组织激肽释放酶基因真核表达载体的构建与鉴定

目的 构建并鉴定人组织激肽释放酶基(h-TKK)基因真核表达质粒。方法 设计含pnI和BamH Ⅰ酶切住点的人组织激肤释放酶基因引物，采用PCR法从原核pBluescripe Ⅱ KSKK( )中扩增KKcDNA片段，亚克隆至padtrack-CMV真核表达裁体，转化感受态大肠杆菌DHl0B，酶切鉴定阳性重组子，并进行序列测定。结果经 PCR能扩增出738bp的片段，与预期片段大小相符，构建的重组体经酶切鉴定能切出插入片段，测序结果与预期序列完全一致。结论 成功构建了人组织激肽释放酶基因真核表达重组体pAdtrack-CMV KK。     

CCL11和 CCL26基因3′UTR 真核表达载体的构建和意义

目的：构建CCL11、CCL26基因3′非翻译区（3′UTR）真核表达载体。方法多聚酶链式反应（ PCR）扩增获得CCL11、CCL26基因3′UTR目的片段,双酶切目的基因片段及pMIR REPORT真核表达质粒后,将目的基因片段插入pMIR REPORT质粒,再将重组质粒转化感受态DH5α菌株,筛选阳性克隆行双酶切鉴定及测序分析。结果成功构建CCL11、CCL26基因3′UTR真核表达载体。结论 CCL11、CCL26基因3′UTR真核表达载体成功建立,为进一步研究CCL11、CCL26基因与MicroRNAs的关系提供实验基础。     

家兔C型利钠肽基因真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的为开展C型利钠肽(CNP)基因治疗构建家兔CNP基因真核表达载体。方法通过RT-PCR从家兔腹主动脉组织中克隆CNP基因全长编码区,将该DNA片段亚克隆至克隆载体pMD 18-T中,用PstⅠ单酶切筛选出负向插入片段,用HindⅢ和KpnⅠ双酶切将目的DNA片段定向克隆至真核表达质粒pEGFP-N1中,然后用双酶切、DNA序列测定鉴定方法对重组质粒进行鉴定。结果酶切及测序鉴定证实,家兔CNP基因全长编码区被准确插入到pEGFP-N1酶切位点HindⅢ和KpnⅠ中。结论含家兔CNP基因真核表达载体的成功构建和鉴定为CNP基因治疗的研究奠定了基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.