健康成人脂蛋白（a）与各项血脂的相关性分析

检测171例健康成人的脂蛋白（a)和载脂蛋白B、AI及总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。结果表明，在健康成人中脂蛋白（a)与总胆固醇有显著相关性，而与其他血脂的相关性均不显著。     

脂蛋白(a)与动脉粥样硬化危险因素间相关性分析

为了解脂蛋白(a)与动脉粥样硬化各种危险因素间的关系,1996年在济南市某厂随机选择30～60岁无心脑血管病及代谢性病史者190人(男139人,女51人).调查脂蛋白(a)、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯等,单因素相关分析结果表明,健康成人中脂蛋白(a)与总胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈正相关关系,与其它因素无关.     

吸烟对中老年人血脂及载脂蛋白的影响

对健康中老年人和冠心病、高血压病、糖尿病患者中吸烟者与不吸烟者进行了观察比较，发现各组间血脂及载脂蛋白均有显著性差异，结果表明，无论健康人或患病者，吸烟对其血脂及载脂蛋白均有明显影响，健康组吸烟者的ＴＧ、ＣＨ及ＡＰＯＢ１００明显高于不吸烟者（Ｐ＜０．０５）；此外，还发现每日吸烟量大于２０支的Ａ组ＴＧ增高最明显，与每日吸烟量小于２０支的Ｂ、Ｃ组比较，有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示人们戒烟无疑是消除危险因素的重要措施。     

开始吸烟年龄及吸烟量与吸烟依赖程度之间关系的探讨

据报道,吸烟行为与社会、心理和生物学等因素相关^〔1,2〕,吸烟成瘾则主要与心理及生物学因素相关,即心理依赖和药物依赖。许多研究表明,开始吸烟年龄、吸烟量和吸烟依赖程度相互之间也存在相关性^〔1～3〕。为此,我们对吸烟量是否随着依赖程度加重而加大进行了初步研究。     

脑血管病脂蛋白（a）和其它脂类水平的研究

目的：探讨脑血管病患者脂脂蛋白（a)[Lp(a)]和其它脂类水平与脑血管病的关系。方法：采用试剂盒检测55例脑出血,57例脑梗塞患者Lp(a)水平及胆固醇（Ch)、甘三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、载脂蛋白A－I（Apo-A-I)和载脂蛋白B（ApoB),并与85例健康对照者作比较,结果：脑梗塞组Lp(a),Apo(B)及TG呈显著正相关,而脑出血组Lp(a)与Ch呈显著负相关,脑梗塞组Lp(a)、TG异常检出率分别高达59．65％、52．63％,脑出血组HDL异常检出率高达50．91％,结论Lp(a)和其它脂类代谢异常是脑血管病患者最常见和重要的致病因素之一。     

孕妇不同时期血脂及脂蛋白的变化

血脂分析不仅对动脉粥样硬化和冠心病的防治具有重要意义，而且应用于其他诸多临床相关专业的研究。近来研究表明，妊娠期间为了满足胎儿不断生长发育的需要，孕妇体内多种脂类物质增加。为了进一步探讨孕妇不同时期血脂的变化特点，现对我们搜集的111例正常孕妇孕期脂蛋白变化情况以予报道。     

吸烟对青岛地区城乡居民血脂水平影响的研究

[目的]了解居民的吸烟状况,探讨吸烟等因素对血脂水平的影响.[方法]2006年,在育岛市城乡抽取5474名35岁以上居民,调查吸烟情况,检测身高、体重、空腹血俯(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酩(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醉(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),采用多元逐步回归分析影响血脂水平的因素.[结...     

妊娠高血压综合征与血脂、载脂蛋白及脂蛋白（a）的关系

目的探讨妊娠高血压综合征（简称妊高征）患者血脂代谢水平的变化及其，临床意义。方法测定正常孕妇及妊高征患者的血清甘油三脂（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、载脂蛋白AI（ApoAI）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）及脂蛋白（a）水平。结果妊高征组血清TG（P〈0．01）、ApoB（P〈0．01）、LDL—c（P〈0．05）及LP（a）（P〈0．05）较正常孕妇显著升高，ApoAI、HDL—C则显著降低（P〈0．05），TC在两组间差别无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。在轻、中、重妊高征患者之间，ApoAI（P〈0．05）及HDL—C（P〈0．01）依次降低，组间比较有显著性意义，LDL—C（P〈0．01）及LP（a）（P〈0．01）依次升高，组间有极显著性差异。TG、TC和ApoB组间比较，差别无显著性意义。结论血脂代谢异常可能在妊娠高血压疾病的发病中起一定作用。     

肾病综合征患者血脂蛋白(a)水平的变化

近年的研究表明 ,高血压、蛋白尿和脂质代谢紊乱是肾脏病进展的独立危险因素[1] 。肾病综合征 (ＮＳ)常伴有高脂血症 ,以往一般认为主要为胆固醇升高。脂蛋白 (ａ) [Ｌｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ(ａ) ,ＬＰ(ａ) ]是一种独立的脂蛋白 ,它在ＮＳ病者的水平及其变化少见报道。本文检测ＮＳ患者治疗前后ＬＰ(ａ)水平 ,旨在观察ＮＳ患者的ＬＰ(ａ)水平及其变化 ,为临床治疗提供依据。1　对象与方法1·1　对象　 1999年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 10月住院的原发性肾病综合征 (ＮＳ) 58例 ,男 36例 ,女 2 2例 ,年龄 14～76岁 (平均 32岁 )。对照组为同期住院的慢…     

Relationships between smoking and eating habits or behavior in male students

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between smoking and eating habits or behavior in male students. METHODS: We performed a questionnaire regarding smoking, eating habits, eating behavior, and the frequency of food intake for 277 male students. We also measured bone mass by a quantitative ultrasound device, along with height, weight, body fat, and gripping power. RESULTS: The percentage of students who had a smoking habit was 22.4%. No significant differences in physical factors between the smoker and non-smoker groups were observed. However, there was significant variation for having meals regularly, and for the habit of assessing their own eating behavior (both P < 0.05). The percentage of students who wanted to obtain nutritional support for maintaining their health, or desiring nutritional support in order to keep a good body style was significantly lower in the smoker group compared to the non-smoker group (P < 0.05, respectively). Moreover, the percentage of students who had a habit of drinking alcohol or skipping meals was significantly higher in the smoker group (P = 0.002). In addition, the percentage of smoking students who had a habit of exercise was significantly lower (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In this study, we obtained useful data regarding relationships between smoking and eating habits in male students. These results suggested that appropriate nutritional education is important in the smoker group of male students for promotion of their health.     

A dose-response relationship between maternal smoking during late pregnancy and adult intelligence in male offspring

An association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and cognitive and behavioural development has been observed in several studies, but potential effects of maternal smoking on offspring adult intelligence have not been investigated. The objective of the present study was to investigate a potential association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring intelligence in young adulthood. Adult intelligence was assessed at the mean age of 18.7 years by a military draft board intelligence test (Borge Priens Prove) for 3044 singleton males from the Copenhagen Perinatal Cohort with information regarding maternal smoking during the third trimester coded into five categories (about 50% of the mothers were smokers). The following potential confounders were included as covariates in multivariable analyses: parental social status and education, single mother status, mother's height and age, number of pregnancies, and gestational age. In separate analyses, birthweight and length were also included as covariates. Maternal cigarette smoking during the third trimester, adjusted for the seven covariates, showed a negative association with offspring adult intelligence (P=0.0001). The mean difference between the no-smoking and the heaviest smoking category amounted to 0.41 standard deviation, corresponding to an IQ difference of 6.2 points [95% confidence interval 0.14, 0.68]. The association remained significant when further adjusted for birthweight and length (P=0.007). Both unadjusted and adjusted means suggested a dose-response relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring adult intelligence. When subjects with missing data were excluded, essentially the same results were obtained in the reduced sample (n=1829). These results suggest that smoking during pregnancy may have long-term negative consequences on offspring adult intelligence.     

拒烟自我效能与年龄关系的研究

目的 探讨拒烟自我效能与年龄的关系。方法 采用横断面研究方法对研究对象进行入户面对面现场问卷调查;拒烟自我效能水平由拒烟自我效能问卷(SASES)评分获得;在调整婚姻状况、职业、教育水平潜在混杂因素后, 采用分式多项式模型探讨拒烟自我效能与年龄的关系。结果 拒烟自我效能与年龄呈"U"形曲线关系, 最低值在60岁左右。结论 拒烟自我效能在不同年龄组间的分布不一致, 中年人群显著低于青年及老年人群。     

Association between age, gender and reasons for smoking cessation

AIMS: To contribute to improved programs for smoking cessation, the authors wanted to assess the relationships between age, gender and ex-smokers' quitting reasons and examine predictors of the most commonly reported quitting reasons. METHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to 11,919 subjects in Akershus County, Norway. Among the 7,697 respondents (65%), self-reported reasons for smoking cessation in 1,715 ex-smokers were analysed. Using cross-tables and multivariate logistic regression, associations between age, gender, and reported quitting reasons were examined. RESULTS: Men were more likely to have stopped smoking to improve physical fitness, or out of consideration for other family members than the children, and less likely to have quit out of consideration for their own children, or in solidarity with a spouse that stopped smoking. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age was a predictor of all seven most common reasons to quit smoking. Gender, education, and the physical component of health status each predicted three of the seven quitting reasons. CONCLUSIONS: In the study sample, differences in smoking cessation behavior and reported quitting reasons were found according to both age and gender. Smoking cessation programs should be tailored to the relevant target groups, including stratification according to age and gender.     

The correlation between smoking, environmental tobacco smoke and preterm birth

The rate of preterm births is very high in Hungary; it was 8.9% of the total livebirths in 2010. Preterm birth (<37 weeks) has a considerable health impact, because it is responsible for 85% of infant mortality and morbidity as well as for numerous chronic diseses in the long-term. Many maternal and fetal diseases can be identified in the background, but in a number of cases, preterm labor begins unexpectedly, without any prodrome. Presumably, the socioeconomic background and the presence of harmful lifestyle factors are related to preterm birth in these cases. Tobacco smoking is the most frequent harmful health behavior. At national level, the rate of smoking during pregnancy was 14.4% in the last 13 years, but in some counties, this proportion mounted to 25%. In these counties, the prevalence of preterm births also exceeds the national average. This summary highlights the factors related to disadvantaged socio-economic status that can be responsible for the higher number of preterm birth cases.     

精液质量评估与男性生育力关系

目的不育夫妇中,50%与男性因素相关,随着不育症的发病率增高,对男性生育力的正确评估显得尤为重要。《世界卫生组织人类精液检查与处理实验室手册》的更新不断推动着男科实验室的发展,也提出了问题与挑战。正确认识精液质量评估的各种参数与男性生育力之间的关系对临床诊断以及治疗方案的选择至关重要。     

Relationship between body mass index, cigarette smoking, and plasma sex steroids in normal male twins

Smoking has been observed to affect plasma sex hormones and body mass index. The relationship between smoking, body mass index, and plasma concentration of sex hormones was studied in normal adult male twins. The analyses were performed for between 150 and 159 twin pairs for whom hormonal data were available on both twins. With bivariate analysis, neither body mass index nor smoking affected estrone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, ratio of testosterone to estradiol, or ratio of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Body mass index significantly (P less than 0.05) affected sex hormone binding globulin, whereas smoking had no effect. The plasma contents of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone and the luteinizing hormone/testosterone ratio were affected by both body mass index and smoking, although, after allowing for body mass, smoking was less significant (0.05 less than P less than 0.10). A path model was formulated to examine the relationship of body mass and sex steroid levels. Our results suggest that body mass index affects sex steroids, since common environmental factors do not account for the strength of the relationship. The bivariate analysis suggests that the smoking effect on sex hormones (except perhaps for dihydrotestosterone) is secondary to an effect on body mass index.     

孕前体重指数、孕期体重增长水平与孕晚期糖、脂水平的相关性分析

目的:通过分析孕前体重指数(BMI)和孕期体重增长水平与孕晚期糖、脂水平的相关性,探讨其在妊娠期代谢性疾病发病中的作用。方法:以2013年1~6月来本院就诊的单胎晚孕期的妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者50例,妊娠期高血压疾病(PHD)患者50例,GDM合并PHD患者30例,正常的晚孕期妇女50例为研究对象,比较妊娠期代谢性疾病组孕前BMI、孕期体重增长水平、空腹血糖(FPG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)与正常对照组的差异,以及孕前BMI、孕期体重增长水平与各项代谢指标的相关性。结果:3个代谢性疾病组孕前BMI、孕期体重增长水平、FPG及TG水平均高于正常对照组(P均0.05),孕前BMI与收缩压、舒张压分别成正相关(r=0.256,P0.05;r=0.239,P0.05);孕期体重增长水平与TG、FPG分别成正相关(r=0.340,P0.05;r=0.221,P0.05),与HDL成负相关(r=-0.331,P0.05)。结论:孕前BMI、孕期体重增长水平与代谢指标密切相关,在妊娠期代谢性疾病发病中起着重要作用;严格控制孕前体重和孕期营养摄入情况有助于预防妊娠期代谢性疾病的发生。     

2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白与血脂的相关性

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者糖化血红蛋白与血脂的关系。方法本文选择2009年1月—2012年1月期间的受试者,对其空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2h血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)的含量进行了检测,并且对其检测结果进行了直线相关性的分析。结果检验组的FBG与HbA1c呈正相关,与TG、TC呈平行升高趋势。结论患者的血脂及糖化血红蛋白的各项检测显示其与DM存在相关性,因而联合检测对于2型糖尿病的诊断有一定临床参考价值。