幽门螺杆菌cagA及vacA亚型与胃肠疾病的关系

目的调查石家庄地区慢性胃病患者感染幽门螺杆菌(H·pylori)的细胞毒素相关基因(cagA)及空泡毒素基因(vacA)亚型的流行情况;探讨H·pylori cagA、vacA亚型与胃肠疾病的关系。方法自石家庄地区慢性胃病患者胃黏膜中分离得到55株H·pylori,抽提各菌株的总DNA,采用特定引物对各菌株cagA3′端、vacA信号序列(s)及中间序列(m)进行PCR检测。结果H·pylori cagA的阳性者占89·1%(49/55),其在慢性胃炎和消化性溃疡中的阳性率差异无显著性(χ2=0·376,P=0·540)。H·pylori vacA基因亚型有s1a/m2、s1a/m1b-m2、s1a/m1b三种组合,各亚型所占比例分别为90·4%(47/52)、5·8%(3/52)、3·8%(2/52),其中最常见的vacA亚型s1a/m2在慢性胃炎与消化性溃疡中的阳性率差异无显著性(χ2=0,P=1·000)结论石家庄地区慢性胃病患者感染的幽门螺杆菌以cagA 、vacA s1a/m2亚型占优势,未发现H·pylori cagA及vacA亚型与特定胃肠疾病间存在显著相关性。     

黄连素辅助治疗2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌感染型消化性溃疡的临床疗效及安全性

目的探究黄连素辅助治疗2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡的价值。方法选取2014年1月—2015年1月110例2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡患者,通过随机分组的方法将其分为2组,实验组55例2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡接受黄连素辅助治疗,对照组55例2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡接受奥美拉唑、阿司匹林等药物治疗,对比2组2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡患者经不同治疗方法治疗的效果,即溃疡愈合情况、Hp根除率以及不良反应等。结果实验组2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡患者治疗的总有效率(100.00%)与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);实验组患者Hp根治率为98.18%,对照组患者Hp根治率为94.55%,2组2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡患者的Hp根治率相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);实验组共计存在5.45%的患者出现不良反应,其主要不良反应为便秘、纳差,对照组共计存在20.00%的患者出现不良反应,其主要不良反应为口腔金属味、恶心、头晕,实验组2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡患者不良反应发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论给予2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡黄连素辅助治疗,可以有效促进患者溃疡面的愈合,提高Hp根除率,同时可以降低患者药物治疗的不良反应,对提高2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌型消化性溃疡患者治疗的效果、改善患者的生活质量十分有益。     

慢性乙型肝炎及乙肝肝硬化合并消化性溃疡患者幽门螺杆菌感染状况

目的 探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染与慢性乙型肝炎及乙肝肝硬化合并消化性溃疡的相关性及HP分型诊断的临床意义.方法 胃镜检查并应用免疫印迹法检测HP抗体,对慢性乙型肝炎消化性溃疡患者及乙肝肝硬化消化性溃疡患者HP感染情况进行分析,并对HP感染进行分型诊断.结果 慢性乙型肝炎消化性溃疡中年组和老年组HP感染率分别为73.73%和69.69%,HP感染总阳性率72.72%;乙肝肝硬化消化性溃疡中年组和老年组HP感染率分别为76.59%和81.81%,HP感染总阳性率77.58%.慢性乙型肝炎消化性溃疡组中胃溃疡10例,HP阳性率32.25%,十二指肠溃疡86例,HP阳性率85.14%;乙肝肝硬化消化性溃疡组中胃溃疡3例,HP阳性率27.27%,十二指肠溃疡42例,HP阳性率89.36%.结论 慢性乙型肝炎及乙肝肝硬化消化性溃疡与HP感染有明显相关性;其中HP抗体分型发现HPⅠ型菌株比Ⅱ型菌株更有可能增加慢性乙肝及乙肝肝硬化消化性溃疡的发生风险.     

98例肝硬化患者胃黏膜HP检测分析

肝硬化患者消化性溃疡和慢性胃炎的发病率明显高于一般人群，而幽门螺旋杆菌（HP）感染是慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡（尤其是十二指肠溃疡）的主要原因。肝硬化患者胃黏膜HP感染情况研究少有报道。2001年1月～2006年1月，我们对98例肝硬化患者进行了胃黏膜HP检测，现报告如下。     

AIDS与肝病患者胃镜活检组织幽门螺杆菌感染和消化性溃疡发现率的临床比较研究

目的探讨艾滋病、肝病和普通人群上中腹不适的患者胃幽门螺旋杆菌（H.pylori）感染发生率的异同,以发现H.pylori感染在诱发艾滋病患者和肝病患者消化性溃疡过程中作用的异同。方法艾滋病组患者46例,肝病组患者668例,非艾滋病非肝病普通人群对照组226例,均有上腹不适,行胃镜检查,活检组织分别进行快速尿素酶和Warthin-Starry银染检测H.pylori感染,同时记录内镜下发现的病变。结果肝病患者H.pylori感染率（36.08%）低于艾滋病患者（43.48%）和普通人群对照组（59.73%）（P〈0.05）,艾滋病患者H.pylori感染低于普通人群对照组患者（P〈0.05）;肝病伴发消化性溃疡患者的H.pylori感染率（45.22%）低于普通人群消化性溃疡患者的H.pylori感染率（80.49%）（P〈0.05）,艾滋病伴发消化性溃疡的H.pylori感染率（50.00%）与普通人群无差异（P〉0.05）。结论 H.pylori肝病患者消化性溃疡的发生与H.pylori感染的关系,不像普通人群消化性溃疡的发生与H.pylori感染的关系密切;而艾滋病患者中H.pylori感染率即使低于普通人群,H.pylori感染仍是促进艾滋病患者发生消化性溃疡的重要因素。     

消化性溃疡胃镜表现与中医证型的相关性研究

目的观察消化性溃疡不同中医证型与胃镜下表现的相关性。方法对120例消化性溃疡患者均经中医辨证分型，并行胃镜检查，主要观察中医证型与溃疡分类、溃疡面积、溃疡色泽、黏膜状况、幽门螺旋杆菌感染的关系。结果消化性溃疡不同中医证型与胃镜下表现有一定的相关性。结论胃镜检查可作为望诊的延伸应用于临床，为中医辨证提供有力的客观化指标。     

幽门螺杆菌vacA基因多态性与慢性胃病的关系

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)vacA 基因多态性与慢性胃病的关系。方法经胃镜检查活检胃粘膜标本,分离鉴定 Hp,酚氯仿方法抽提 DNA,聚合酶链反应检测 vacA 基因的信号区(s)和中间区(m)。结果 92例 Hp 临床分离株中,sla/ml 型14株(15.2%)、sla/mla 型6株(6.5%)、sla/m~2型55株(59.8%)、slb/ml 型2株(2.2%)、sla/m2型5株(5.4%)、s2/m2型8株(8.7%),另有2株 sla 型 Hp 不通按 ml、mla 或 m2进一步分型,未发现 s2/ml、slb/mla 及 S2/mla 型。除4例胃癌外,其余88例按消化性溃疡和慢性胃炎分组,40例消化性溃疡患者感染 Hp 中 sla 型37株,占92.5%,slb 型2株(5%),s2型1株(2.5%);ml 型4株(10%),mla 型2株(5%),m2型32株(80%),另有2株 sla 型 Hp 未能按 ml、mla 或 m2进一步分型。48例慢性胃炎患者感染Hp 中 sla 型36株,占75%,slb 型5株(10.4%),s2型7株(14.6%);ml 型11株(22.9%),mla 型4株(8.3%),m2型33株(68.8%)。消化性溃疡组慢性胃炎组均以 sla 型、m2型为主,分别比较两组间 sla 型及 m2型的分布,两组间 sla 型有显著性差异(P<0.05),而 m2型无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论慢性胃病患者感染 Hp 主要为 sla/m2型,其次为 sla/ml 型。sla 型 Hp 与消化性溃疡的发生密切相关。     

消化性溃疡幽门螺杆菌感染状况及影响因素分析

目的通过分析幽门螺杆菌(Hp)在消化性溃疡的分布特征,并探索影响消化性溃疡Hp感染的因素。方法将2010年12月～2011年11月间在本院消化内科就诊的215例消化性溃疡患者作为研究对象,用13C-尿素呼气试验检测Hp,同时在患者知情同意下进行问卷调查,并对结果采用SPSS 13.0软件进行资料分析。结果 215例消化性溃疡患者Hp检出率为68.4%,其中复合性溃疡76.9%,胃溃疡71.4%,十二指肠溃疡66.4%;经单因素分析,发现文化程度、吸烟、进餐习惯、辛辣食物、暴饮暴食、工作或生活压力、酸奶等与Hp感染有统计学意义。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,消化性溃疡患者中文化程度高、分餐习惯和经常饮酸奶者Hp感染率较低,辛辣食物、暴饮暴食者感染率高。结论提高文化程度,改善饮食卫生条件,培养良好的生活习惯,尽量避免在外就餐,忌暴饮暴食及辛辣食物,适量饮酸奶可减少消化性溃疡Hp感染的风险。     

4 957例消化性溃疡临床与胃镜分析

目的了解消化性溃疡胃镜检出率,并对疾病相关因素及其并发症、癌前病变进行分析。方法对2002～2007年在我院经胃镜检查确诊为消化性溃疡患者的病史及胃镜资料结果进行回顾性分析。结果（1）本组资料消化性溃疡患者中幽门螺杆菌（Hp）阳性率为56．41％,阴性率为41．82％。Hp阳性者以41～50岁年龄组最多见,少见于20岁以下和80岁以上年龄组。（2）我科5年来消化性溃疡患者中并发出血112例（2．26％）,梗阻62例（1．25％）,癌变108例（2．18％）,未发现穿孔患者。（3）消化性溃疡患者中取胃黏膜活检751例,占15．51％,其中腺体萎缩23例,上皮内瘤变136例,肠上皮化生35例,上皮内瘤变并肠上皮化生20例。结论消化性溃疡是多发常见病,消化性溃疡Hp感染率较高（56．4％）,应重视消化性溃疡常见并发症,常规镜下活检与病理诊断相结合有助于提高早期癌变诊断率。     

糖尿病合并消化性溃疡的临床特点分析

目的观察糖尿病合并消化性溃疡的临床特点,为临床诊治提供借鉴。方法选取该院2012年6月—2015年1月所收治的97例糖尿病合并消化性溃疡患者作为观察组,另在该院消化内科选取97例同时期单纯消化性溃疡患者作为对照组,比较两组患者恶心反酸、上腹疼痛、腹胀等不良反应的发生次数及频率、溃疡部位、幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)感染发生率及治疗效果。结果观察组患者恶心反酸、上腹疼痛、腹胀情况、溃疡面积及幽门螺杆菌感染发生率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论糖尿病合并消化性溃疡较单纯消化性溃疡面积更大,出血风险及H.pylori感染发生率更高,治疗难道更大。     

Importance of Helicobacter pylori cagA and vacA status for the efficacy of antibiotic treatment

BACKGROUND: Virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori are associated with peptic ulcer disease and may be also associated with the efficacy of treatment. AIMS: To determine the relation between the vacA and the cagA status of H pylori, clinical disease, and treatment outcome. PATIENTS: 121 patients with H pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease or functional dyspepsia were treated by quadruple antibiotic therapy in two groups for one and two days, respectively. METHODS: DNA was isolated from gastric antral biopsy specimens, taken before and after treatment, and the vacA and cagA status was determined by polymerase chain reaction and reverse hybridisation. RESULTS: Peptic ulcer disease was significantly associated with the vacA s1 type, and cagA positivity, but not with the vacA m type. Treatment efficacy was significantly higher in patients with peptic ulcer disease, or infected with cagA+/vacA s1 strains. CONCLUSIONS: The strong association between the cagA and vacA status and peptic ulcer disease was confirmed. Cure rates seem to be higher for patients with cagA+/vacA s1 H pylori strains, which is consistent with the higher cure rate observed among ulcer patients compared with functional dyspepsia patients. Therefore, treatment studies may require stratification for presence of ulcers as well as H pylori genotypes.     

Helicobacter pylori infection in peptic ulcer disease: the importance of smoking and ethnicity

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and its associated factors among patients with peptic ulcer disease in Taiping Hospital. Consecutive peptic ulcer disease patients who had undergone esophagogastro-duodenoscopy were included. The H. pylori status was assessed by the rapid urease test. We excluded those who had active bleeding, a perforated peptic ulcer, severe vomiting, a history of gastric surgery, peptic ulcer disease or renal or liver diseases, carcinoma of the stomach, and recent use of antibiotics or proton pump inhibitors. Socio-demography, H. pylori status, medication history and other relevant clinical data were collected from case notes. A total of 416 subjects were selected, 49.7% were positive and 50.3% were negative for H. pylori infection. There were significant associations between H. pylori and age, ethnicity, smoking status and NSAID usage. However, there were no significant relationships between H. pylori status and gender or type of peptic ulcer. Multiple logistic regression showed that other ethnicities than Malays and smokers had a higher risk of H. pylori. Our prevalence rate was low and the identified risk factors were consistent with previous studies. Ethnic differences may be related to genetic and sociocultural behaviors. Quitting smoking may benefit peptic ulcer patients with H. pylori infection.     

Epidemiology of peptic ulcer disease in cirrhotic patients: role of helicobacter pylori infection

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and epidemiological factors associated with the appearance of peptic ulcer in patients with cirrhosis and, in particular, the role of Helicobacter pylori infection.
Methods: A total of 201 of 220 consecutive patients included in a prospective study that aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary intervention on cirrhotic complications and survival underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. At entry, an epidemiological and clinical questionnaire was completed and the presence of peptic ulcer disease or esophageal varices at endoscopy was prospectively collected. Sera were obtained and stored at −70°C until analyzed, being tested afterward for Helicobacter pylori antibodies using a commercial ELISA kit.
Results: Eleven of 201 patients had borderline anti- Helicobacter pylori IgG titers and were excluded from further analysis. In the remaining 190 patients, point prevalence of peptic ulcer was 10.5% and lifetime prevalence 24.7%. Multivariate analysis selected male sex (OR 2.3; 95%CI 1.09–4.89) and Helicobacter pylori seropositivity (OR:1.7, 95%CI 1.02–2.81) as the variables independently related to peptic ulcer disease.
Conclusions: Male sex and seropositivity for Helicobacter pylori are the major risk factors for peptic ulcer in cirrhosis.     

消化性溃疡出血相关因素的分析

目的 探讨幽门螺旋杆菌及其他因素同消化性溃疡出血的相关性。方法 胃镜确诊的消化性溃疡92例,分为两组:单纯消化性溃疡组和出血组,系统收集临床资料,并进行如下检测:胃黏膜快速尿素酶检测、病理HE染色检查、13C呼气试验检测和血清Helicobacter pylori抗体和CagA抗体的检测。结果NSAIDs药物同出血相关,OR值为7.61(P<0.05)。出血组和非出血组之间H.pylori感染率分别为68.1％和60.6％,两组之间无显著性差异,但出血组血清CagA抗体阳性率高于非出血组(分别为61.2％和37.5％),OR值为2.63,范围为1.05～6.59,P<0.05。结论 服用NSAIDs药物和CagA抗体阳性与出血密切相关,出血组和非出血组之间H.pylori感染率无显著性差异。     

Changing rates of Helicobacter pylori testing and treatment in patients with peptic ulcer disease

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify temporal trends in the rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) testing, prevalence, and treatment among patients with peptic ulcer disease in Olmsted County, MN, from 1984 through 1997. METHODS: All 3317 Olmsted County residents with a clinical diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease at the Mayo Clinic from 1984 through 1997 were identified. The complete medical records of an age-, sex-, and calendar year-stratified random sample were reviewed (n = 720); 298 patients (41%) had confirmed peptic ulcer disease. Changes in proportions of H. pylori testing, infection, and treatment over time were analyzed by logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 298 patients with confirmed peptic ulcer disease, 32% were tested for H. pylori; 36% were positive for infection, of whom 66% received antibiotic therapy. The rate of testing for H. pylori increased from 0% in 1984 to 96% in 1997, but the prevalence of infection did not change (36.4% vs 36.5%). The rate of treatment of those infected increased from 0% to 95%. By logistic regression, calendar year was associated with H. pylori testing and treatment but not infection. Recent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was reported by 58% of patients, and 44% presented with GI bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians' practice of testing and treating for H. pylori in patients with confirmed peptic ulcer disease has steadily increased over the past 14 yr. However, in our study, only 36% of these patients were infected with H. pylori, whereas the majority used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Therefore, testing seems to be more appropriate than empiric treatment in patients with peptic ulcer disease.     

Silent peptic ulcer disease: frequency, factors leading to "silence," and implications regarding the pathogenesis of visceral symptoms

BACKGROUND: Peptic ulcer disease may occur in the absence of dyspeptic symptoms. The pathogenesis of dyspepsia in peptic ulcer disease is unclear. Whether the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection or use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affects dyspeptic symptoms in patients with peptic ulcer disease has not been determined. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and risk factors for peptic ulcer disease in a cohort of asymptomatic, unselected patients undergoing routine screening EGD. METHODS: This was a prospective study of a cohort of Chinese subjects undergoing screening EGD as part of a routine health maintenance program. Routine EGD screening was performed in 6457 consecutive subjects who underwent a self-paid, health evaluation. Those with endoscopy-confirmed peptic ulcer disease were enrolled to assess the risk factors that distinguish asymptomatic patients with peptic ulcer disease from patients with symptoms because of peptic ulcer disease. RESULTS: A total of 704 (10.9%) patients were found to have peptic ulcer disease, of which two thirds (n=496) were asymptomatic. Both uni- and multivariate analysis showed that the asymptomatic patients tended to have a larger body mass index, to be habitual tea drinkers, and to have an ulcer that was less than 1 cm in diameter and in a healing stage. Gender, blood group, history of hypertension and/or diabetes, ulcer location, Helicobacter pylori status, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatories or sedative medications, habitual coffee drinking, and habits with respect to smoking of tobacco or ingestion of alcohol, had no association with symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that silent peptic ulcer disease is common in Taiwan. Dyspeptic symptoms because of peptic ulcer disease may be influenced by intrinsic (body mass index and ulcer characters) and extrinsic (habitual tea drinking) factors. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and Helicobacter pylori status had no significant effect on the symptomatology of peptic ulcer disease. These findings may contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis in the visceral symptoms of peptic ulcer disease.     

北京地区消化性溃疡流行病学分析

目的:了解北京地区消化性溃疡(pepticulcer,PU)的发病特点及变化情况,以及幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori)与PU的关系,以便为PU的防治工作提供理论依据.方法:研究对象为1999-01-01/12-31在北京29家不同等级医院接受胃镜检查的患者.对其中经内镜下分期诊断为PU活动期及愈合期的患者采用问卷方式进行调查,调查内容主要包括PU患者的性别、年龄、血型、职业、生活习惯、服药情况以及H pylori感染情况.快速尿素酶试验、病理染色、~(13)C-尿素呼气试验和细菌培养检测H pylori感染,其中任一项检测阳性判断为H pylori感染.结果:采用回顾性研究方法,29家医院共有58546例北京地区患者接受了胃镜检查,PU检出率为13.83%.本次调查总共回收调查表3182份,DU:GU为2.81:1.PU检出率以40-60岁患者中检出率(41.2%)最高,GU比DU者平均年龄大6.4岁.不同血型构成比之间有显著性差异(P=0.006),其中以O型血最多,吸烟者明显高于非吸烟者(P=0.012).在1999年有2992例PU患者接受了H pylori感染检测,感染率为54.9%,不同类型PU间H pylori感染率无显著性差异(P=0.72).2042例患者在首次诊断PU时接受了H pylori感染检测,其中1660例(81.3%)H pylori检测阳性.经Logistic回归分析显示PU的复发主要与不规范治疗及H pylori感染密切相关结论:北京地区PU检出率呈下降趋势,患者首次诊断PU时H pylori感染率明显高于自然人群感染率,但1999年度H pylori感染的检出率较低.年龄、O型血、吸烟和H pylori感染是PU发病的危险因素,PU的复发主要与不规范治疗及H pylori感染密切相关.     

Ulcer recurrence after gastric surgery: is helicobacter pylori the culprit?

Objectives: Helicobacter pylori is the most important cause of recurrent peptic ulcer disease. However, its role in ulcer recurrence after peptic ulcer surgery is unclear. We aimed at studying the prevalence and distribution of H. pylori in patients who had undergone peptic ulcer surgery, and any association between H. pylori infection and ulcer recurrence in these patients.
Methods: Patients with previous vagotomy or partial gastrectomy presenting with dyspepsia or ulcer bleeding were recruited. Ulcer recurrence was documented by endoscopy. Biopsy specimens were taken from the gastric remnant and gastroenteric anastomosis in patients with previous partial gastrectomy, or from the antrum and corpus in vagotomized patients. H. pylori infection was detected by either a positive rapid urease test or the presence of the bacteria on histology.
Results: Ninety-three patients were studied; 73 patients (78%) had partial gastrectomy and 20 (22%) had vagotomy with drainage. H. pylori infection was documented in 36 patients (49%) in the gastrectomy group and in 13 (65%) in the vagotomy group. Thirty-six patients in the gastrectomy group had recurrent ulcers and 15 (42%) of them had H. pylori infection. Twelve patients in the vagotomy group had recurrent ulcers and eight (67%) of them were H. pylori positive. The prevalence of H. pylori infection did not differ between patients with or without ulcer recurrence.
Conclusion: H. pylori infection cannot account for ulcer recurrence after peptic ulcer surgery.     

Specifics of Helicobacter pylori infection/NSAID effects in the elderly

The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection increases with age worldwide. Unlike in younger patients, the presentation of peptic disease in the elderly population is subtle and atypical, and thus leads to a delay of diagnosis. Due to comorbidities and advanced age, it results in increased complications, morbidity and mortality. Bleeding and perforation are frequent complications and therefore peptic ulcer in adult patients represents a serious disease. The relationship between the infection caused by HP and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease is still controversial. However these two factors, independently or in synergy, represent the principal cause of peptic ulcer development in the adult population. In patients diagnosed with peptic ulcer caused by HP, more than half take medications containing aminosalicylic acid. Helicobacter pylori infection in elderly NSAID users is associated with an increased ulcer incidence, but not with an increased prevalence of upper digestive tract bleeding. Helicobacter pylori and NSAID consumption are independent and unrelated risk factors for upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Eradication of HP is recommended before the initiation of a long-term aspirin administration in elderly patients. Low aspirin dosages are associated with a high risk of ulcer bleeding. The risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly patients is significantly higher in the cases of acute abuse of NSAIDs relative to its chronic use. The simultaneous use of NSAID or aspirin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors--antidepressants, increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Peptic ulcer disease in the adult population, if combined with old age, presence of serious and/or life- threatening diseases, as well as repeated ulcer bleedings, shows a high mortality rate.     

Helicobacter pylori is a risk factor for peptic ulcer disease in cirrhotic patients. A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND : Peptic ulcer disease is highly prevalent in cirrhosis, and ulcer complications are a major cause of morbidity in these patients. Helicobacter pylori infection is considered the chief aetiological factor of ulcer disease. However, in cirrhotic patients the role of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer remains uncertain. AIM : To evaluate the evidence of the pathogenic role of H. pylori infection in peptic ulcer disease in patients with cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS : An extensive MEDLINE search of the literature was performed. Studies reporting the prevalence of H. pylori infection in cirrhotic patients with and without ulcers were selected. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 4.0.3. Pooled odds ratios were calculated for each comparison, using a fixed model analysis. RESULTS : The search identified seven studies with a total of 976 patients with cirrhosis (275 cases with ulcer disease and 701 controls). The prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer disease was higher than in those without. The pooled odds ratio was 2.70 (95% CI, 1.91-3.82). H. pylori infection was associated more or less equally with duodenal and gastric ulcers. CONCLUSION: H. pylori infection increases the risk of peptic ulcer disease in patients with cirrhosis.